ISciatica

ISciatica ibhekisa ebuhlungwini, ebuthakathakeni, ebundikindiki, noma ekushosheni emlenzeni. Kubangelwa ukulimala noma ukucindezela kwi-nerve ye-sciatic. I-Sciatica uphawu lwenkinga yezokwelapha. Akusona isimo sezokwelapha ngokwaso.

I-Sciatica yenzeka lapho kunengcindezi noma ukulimala kwe-nerve sciatic. Le nzwa iqala emuva engezansi bese yehlela emuva ngemuva komlenze ngamunye. Le nzwa ilawula imisipha engemuva kwedolo nomlenze ophansi. Ibuye inikeze ukuzwa ngemuva kwethanga, ingxenye engaphandle nengxenye engemuva yomlenze ongezansi, kanye nangaphansi konyawo.

Izimbangela ezivamile ze-sciatica zifaka:

• Isilayidi se-herniated esishelelekile
• I-spinal stenosis
• I-Piriformis syndrome (ukuphazamiseka kobuhlungu okubandakanya imisipha emincane ezinqeni)
• Ukulimala kwepelvic noma ukuphuka
• Izimila

Amadoda aphakathi kweminyaka engama-30 nengama-50 ubudala maningi amathuba okuthi abe ne-sciatica.

Ubuhlungu be-Sciatica bungahluka kakhulu. Kungazwakala njengokushaywa okuncane, ubuhlungu obungathandeki, noma umuzwa ovuthayo. Kwezinye izimo, ubuhlungu bukhulu ngokwanele ukwenza umuntu angakwazi ukunyakaza.

Ubuhlungu buvame ukwenzeka ohlangothini olulodwa. Abanye abantu banezinhlungu ezicijile engxenyeni eyodwa yomlenze noma inqulu kanye nokuba ndikindiki kwezinye izingxenye. Ubuhlungu noma ukuba ndikindiki nakho kungazwakala ngemuva kwethole noma ngonyawo. Umlenze othintekile ungazizwa ubuthakathaka. Kwesinye isikhathi, unyawo lwakho lubanjwa phansi lapho uhamba.

Ubuhlungu bungase buqale kancane. Kungaba kubi kakhulu:

• Ngemuva kokuma noma ukuhlala
• Ngezikhathi ezithile zosuku, njengasebusuku
• Lapho uthimula, ukhwehlela, noma uhleka
• Lapho uguqa ubheke emuva noma uhamba ngaphezu kwamayadi noma amamitha ambalwa, ikakhulukazi uma kubangelwa umgogodla wokuqina komzimba
• Lapho uhlunga noma ubamba umoya wakho, njengalapho unyakaza amathumbu

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa komzimba. Lokhu kungakhombisa:

• Ubuthakathaka lapho ugoba idolo
• Kunzima ukugoba unyawo ngaphakathi noma phansi
• Kunzima ukuhamba ezinzwaneni zakho
• Kunzima ukugoba phambili noma emuva
• Izimo ezingajwayelekile noma ezibuthakathaka
• Ukulahlekelwa umuzwa noma ukuba ndikindiki
• Ubuhlungu lapho uphakamisa umlenze uqonde phezulu lapho ulele etafuleni lezivivinyo

Ukuhlolwa kaningi akudingeki ngaphandle uma ubuhlungu bukhulu noma buhlala isikhathi eside. Uma izivivinyo zi-oda, zingafaka:

• I-X-ray, i-MRI, noma okunye ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi

Njengoba i-sciatica iyisibonakaliso sesinye isimo sezokwelapha, imbangela eyisisekelo kufanele ikhonjwe futhi yelashwe.

Kwezinye izimo, akudingeki ukwelashwa futhi ukutakula kwenzeka ngokwakho.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Conservative (non-kuhlinzwa) kungcono kakhulu ezimweni eziningi. Umhlinzeki wakho angancoma lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo ukwehlisa izimpawu zakho nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala:

• Thatha ukudambisa izinhlungu okungaphezulu kwamakhompiyutha njenge-ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB) noma i-acetaminophen (iTylenol).
• Faka ukushisa noma iqhwa endaweni ebuhlungu. Zama iqhwa ngamahora okuqala angama-48 kuye kwangama-72, bese usebenzisa ukushisa.
  

Izindlela zokunakekela emuva kwakho ekhaya zingafaka:

• Ukuphumula kombhede akunconywa.
• Ukuzivocavoca emuva kunconywa ekuqaleni ukuze uqinise umhlane wakho.
• Qala ukuzivocavoca futhi ngemuva kwamasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu. Faka ukuvivinya umzimba ukuze uqinise imisipha yakho yangaphakathi yesisu futhi uthuthukise ukuguquguquka komgogodla wakho.
• Nciphisa umsebenzi wakho ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala. Ngemuva kwalokho, qala kancane imisebenzi yakho ejwayelekile.
• Ungenzi ukuphakamisa okunzima noma ukusonta umhlane wakho emavikini ayisithupha okuqala ngemuva kokuqala kobuhlungu.

Umhlinzeki wakho futhi angaphakamisa ukwelashwa ngokomzimba. Ukwelashwa okungeziwe kuncike esimweni esidala i-sciatica.

Uma lezi zinyathelo zingasizi, umhlinzeki wakho angancoma imijovo yemithi ethile ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala okuzungeze inzwa. Eminye imithi ingahle inikezwe ukusiza ukunciphisa izinhlungu zokugwaza ngenxa yokucasuka kwemizwa.

Ubuhlungu bemizwa kunzima kakhulu ukulapha. Uma unezinkinga eziqhubekayo nobuhlungu, ungahle uthande ukubona udokotela wezinzwa noma uchwepheshe wezinhlungu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uyakwazi ukufinyelela ebangeni elibanzi lezinketho zokwelashwa.

Ukuhlinzwa kungenziwa ukukhulula ukucindezelwa kwemizwa yakho yomgogodla, noma kunjalo, imvamisa kuyindlela yokugcina yokwelashwa.

Imvamisa, i-sciatica iba ngcono yodwa. Kepha kujwayelekile ukuthi ibuye.

Izinkinga ezibucayi kakhulu zixhomeke kumbangela we-sciatica, njenge-disk esetshenzisiwe noma i-spinal stenosis. I-Sciatica ingaholela ekungazini noma ubuthakathaka bomlenze wakho unomphela.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho ngokushesha uma une:

• Umkhuhlane ongachazeki onobuhlungu emuva
• Ubuhlungu beqolo ngemuva kokushaywa kanzima noma ukuwa
• Ukubomvu noma ukuvuvukala emhlane noma emgogodleni
• Ubuhlungu behla ngemilenze yakho ngaphansi kwedolo
• Ubuthakathaka noma ukuba ndikindiki ezinqeni, ethangeni, emlenzeni noma okhalweni
• Ukushisa ngomchamo noma ngegazi emchameni wakho
• Ubuhlungu obubi kakhulu uma ulala phansi, noma bukuvusa ebusuku
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu futhi awukwazi ukukhululeka
• Ukulahlekelwa ukulawula umchamo noma indle (incontinence)

Fonela futhi uma:

• Kade ulahlekelwa isisindo ungahlosile (hhayi ngenhloso)
• Usebenzisa ama-steroids noma izidakamizwa ezifakwa emithanjeni
• Uke waba nezinhlungu emuva, kepha lesi siqephu sehlukile futhi sizizwa sibi kakhulu
• Lesi siqephu sobuhlungu beqolo sihlale isikhathi eside kunamasonto ama-4

Ukuvimbela kuyahlukahluka, kuya ngesizathu sokulimala kwemizwa. Gwema ukuhlala isikhathi eside noma ukulala unengcindezi ezinqeni.

Ukuba nemisipha eqinile yangemuva nesisu kubalulekile ukugwema i-sciatica. Njengoba ukhula, kuwumqondo omuhle ukwenza izivivinyo ukuqinisa umnyombo wakho.

Neuropathy - isisindo se-sciatic; Ukungasebenzi kahle kwezinzwa zesayensi; Ubuhlungu obuphansi emuva - i-sciatica; I-LBP - i-sciatica; I-Lumbar radiculopathy - i-sciatica

• Ukuhlinzwa komgogodla - ukukhishwa

• Inzwa yeSciatic
• Cauda equina
• Ukulimala kwezinzwa zesayensi

UMarques DR, uCarroll WE. Neurology. Ku: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, ama-eds. Incwadi Yezokwelapha Yomndeni. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 41.

I-Ropper AH, iZafonte RD. ISciatica. N Engl J Med. 2015; 372 (13): 1240-1248. I-PMID: 25806916 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25806916/.

UYavin D, uHurlbert RJ. Ukuphathwa kwe-Nonsurgical kanye ne-posturgical yezinhlungu eziphansi emuva. Ku: Winn HR, ed. Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Youmans neWinn Neurological. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 281.