Isifo se-Parkinson

Isifo se-Parkinson sibangelwa amaseli athile obuchopho afe. Lawa maseli asiza ukulawula ukunyakaza nokuxhumana. Lesi sifo siholela ekunyakazeni (ukuthuthumela) kanye nenkinga yokuhamba nokunyakaza.

Amaseli emizwa asebenzisa ikhemikhali yobuchopho ebizwa ngokuthi i-dopamine ukusiza ukulawula ukunyakaza kwemisipha. Ngesifo sikaParkinson, amangqamuzana obuchopho enza i-dopamine afe kancane. Ngaphandle kwe-dopamine, amaseli alawula ukunyakaza awakwazi ukuthumela imilayezo efanele emisipheni. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukulawula imisipha. Kancane kancane, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lo monakalo uba mubi kakhulu. Akekho owazi kahle ukuthi kungani la maseli obuchopho emosha.

Isifo seParkinson sivame ukukhula ngemuva kweminyaka yobudala engama-50. Ingesinye sezinkinga zesistimu yezinzwa ezivame kakhulu kubantu abadala asebekhulile.

• Lesi sifo sijwayele ukuthinta abesilisa kakhulu kunabesifazane, yize abesifazane nabo beba nalesi sifo. Isifo seParkinson kwesinye isikhathi sihamba emindenini.
• Lesi sifo singenzeka kubantu abadala abasebasha. Ezimweni ezinjalo, imvamisa kungenxa yofuzo lomuntu.
• Isifo se-Parkinson siyivelakancane ezinganeni.

Izimpawu zingase zibe mnene ekuqaleni. Isibonelo, ungaba nokuthuthumela okuncane noma ukuzwa okuncane ukuthi umlenze owodwa uqinile futhi uhudula. Ukuzamazama komhlathi nakho kube yisibonakaliso sokuqala sesifo i-Parkinson. Izimpawu zingathinta uhlangothi olulodwa noma zombili zomzimba.

Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zingafaka:

• Izinkinga ngokulinganisela nokuhamba ngezinyawo
• Imisipha eqinile noma eqinile
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha nezinhlungu
• Umfutho wegazi ophansi lapho usukuma
• Ukuma okugxilile
• Ukuqunjelwa
• Ukujuluka nokungakwazi ukulawula ukushisa komzimba wakho
• Ukucwayiza kancane
• Kunzima ukugwinya
• Ukumunca amathe
• Inkulumo ehamba kancane, ethule nezwi le-monotone
• Akukho nkulumo ebusweni bakho (sengathi ugqoke imaski)
• Asikwazi ukubhala kahle noma ukubhala ngesandla kuncane kakhulu (micrographia)

Izinkinga zokuhamba zingafaka:

• Kunzima ukuqala ukunyakaza, njengokuqala ukuhamba noma ukuphuma esihlalweni
• Kunzima ukuqhubeka nokunyakaza
• Ukuhamba okuhamba kancane
• Ukulahleka kokunyakaza kwezandla okuhle (ukubhala kungaba kuncane futhi kube nzima ukukufunda)
• Kunzima ukudla

Izimpawu zokuqhaqhazela (ukuthuthumela):

• Imvamisa kwenzeka lapho izitho zakho zomzimba zingahambi. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthuthumela kokuphumula.
• Yenzeka lapho ingalo noma umlenze wakho ukhonjisiwe.
• Hamba lapho uthuthela.
• Kungaba kubi kakhulu uma ukhathele, ujabule noma ucindezelekile.
• Kungadala ukuthi uhlikihle umunwe wakho nesithupha ndawonye ngaphandle kokusho (kubizwa ukuthuthumela okugoqeka ngamaphilisi).
• Ekugcineni kungenzeka ekhanda lakho, ezindebeni, olimini nasezinyaweni.

Ezinye izimpawu zingafaka:

• Ukukhathazeka, ukucindezeleka, kanye nokungezwani
• Ukudideka
• Ukuwohloka komqondo
• Ukucindezeleka
• Ukuquleka
• Ukulahleka kwememori

Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angakwazi ukuthola isifo seParkinson ngokuya ngezimpawu zakho kanye nokuhlolwa komzimba. Kepha izimpawu kungaba nzima ukuzibamba phansi, ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala asebekhulile. Izimpawu kulula ukuzibona njengoba ukugula kuya kuba kubi kakhulu.

Ukuhlolwa kungakhombisa:

• Kunzima ukuqala noma ukuqeda ukunyakaza
• Jerky, ukunyakaza okuqinile
• Ukulahleka kwemisipha
• Ukuthuthumela (ukuthuthumela)
• Izinguquko ekushayeni kwenhliziyo yakho
• Izimo zemisipha ezijwayelekile

Umhlinzeki wakho angenza ezinye izivivinyo ukukhipha ezinye izimo ezingadala izimpawu ezifanayo.

Alikho ikhambi lesifo i-Parkinson, kepha ukwelashwa kungasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu zakho.

UMUTHI

Umhlinzeki wakho uzokunikeza imithi yokusiza ukulawula izimpawu zakho zokunyakaza nokunyakaza.

Ngezikhathi ezithile emini, umuthi ungaguga futhi izimpawu zingabuya. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, umhlinzeki wakho angadinga ukushintsha noma yikuphi kokulandelayo:

• Uhlobo lomuthi
• Umthamo
• Inani lesikhathi phakathi kwamanani
• Indlela ophuza ngayo umuthi

Ungadinga futhi ukuthatha imithi ukusiza nge:

• Izinkinga zemizwelo nokucabanga
• Ukuphumula kobuhlungu
• Izinkinga zokulala
• Ukukhipha amathe (i-botulinum toxin isetshenziswa kaningi)

Imithi yeParkinson ingadala imiphumela emibi kakhulu, kufaka phakathi:

• Ukudideka
• Ukubona noma ukuzwa izinto ezingekho (ukusangana)
• Isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, noma isifo sohudo
• Uzizwa unekhanda elincane noma uquleka
• Ukuziphatha okunzima ukulawula, njengokugembula
• I-Delirium

Tshela umhlinzeki wakho ngokushesha uma unale miphumela emibi. Ungalokothi ushintshe noma uyeke ukuthatha noma yimiphi imithi ngaphandle kokukhuluma nomhlinzeki wakho. Ukumisa eminye imithi yesifo i-Parkinson kungaholela ekuphenduleni okunzima. Sebenza nomhlinzeki wakho ukuthola uhlelo lokwelashwa olusebenzela wena.

Njengoba lesi sifo siba sibi kakhulu, izimpawu ezinjengokuma okugoqele, ukunyakaza okubandayo, nezinkinga zokukhuluma kungenzeka kungaphenduli emithini.

UKUHLINZA

Ukuhlinzwa kungahle kube inketho kwabanye abantu. Ukuhlinzwa akuselaphi isifo iParkinson, kepha kungasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu. Izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa zifaka:

• Ukugqugquzela ubuchopho obujulile - Lokhu kufaka ukufaka ama-stimulators kagesi ezindaweni zobuchopho ezilawula ukunyakaza.
• Ukuhlinzwa ukubhubhisa izicubu zobuchopho ezibangela izimpawu zeParkinson.
• Ukufakelwa kwe-stem cell nezinye izinqubo kuyacwaningwa.

INDLELA YOKUPHILA

Izinguquko ezithile zendlela yokuphila zingakusiza ukubhekana nesifo se-Parkinson:

• Hlala uphilile ngokudla ukudla okunomsoco futhi ungabhemi.
• Yenza izinguquko kokudlayo noma okuphuzwayo uma unezinkinga zokugwinya.
• Sebenzisa ukwelashwa kokukhuluma ukukusiza ukuthi uvumelane nezinguquko ekugwinyekeni nasenkulumweni yakho.
• Hlala usebenza ngokusemandleni akho lapho uzizwa umuhle. UNGAYENZI ngokweqile uma amandla akho ephansi.
• Phumula njengoba kudingeka emini futhi ugweme ukucindezeleka.
• Sebenzisa ukwelashwa ngokomzimba nokwelashwa komsebenzi ukukusiza ukuthi uhlale uzimele futhi wehlise ubungozi bokuwa.
• Beka ama-handrails kuyo yonke indlu yakho ukusiza ukuvimbela ukuwa. Kubeke ezindlini zokugezela nasezitebhisini.
• Sebenzisa amadivayisi okusiza, lapho kudingeka, ukwenza ukuhamba kube lula. Lawa madivayisi angahlanganisa izinto zokudla ezikhethekile, izihlalo ezinamasondo, amalifti okulala, imibhede yokugeza, izihlalo zokuhamba.
• Khuluma nosonhlalakahle noma enye insizakalo yokweluleka ukuze ikusize wena nomndeni wakho nibhekane nalesi sifo. Lezi zinsizakalo zingakusiza nokuthi uthole usizo lwangaphandle, olufana nokudla kuma Wheels.

Amaqembu okusekela isifo i-Parkinson angakusiza ukubhekana nezinguquko ezibangelwa yilesi sifo. Ukwabelana nabanye abanokuhlangenwe nakho okuvamile kungakusiza uzizwe ungaphansi wedwa.

Imithi ingasiza abantu abaningi abanesifo i-Parkinson. Imithi izinciphisa kahle kangakanani izimpawu nokuthi ingaqeda izimpawu isikhathi esingakanani ingahluka kumuntu ngamunye.

Lesi sifo siba sibi kakhulu kuze kube yilapho umuntu ekhubazeka ngokuphelele, yize kwabanye abantu, lokhu kungathatha amashumi eminyaka. Isifo se-Parkinson singaholela ekwehleni kokusebenza kobuchopho nokufa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Imithi ingalula isikhathi sokusebenza nokuzimela.

Isifo se-Parkinson singadala izinkinga ezinjengalezi:

• Kunzima ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke
• Kunzima ukugwinya noma ukudla
• Ukukhubazeka (kuyahluka kumuntu nomuntu)
• Ukulimala kokuwa
• Inyumoniya ngokuphefumula ngamathe noma ngokuminyaniswa ukudla
• Imiphumela emibi yemithi

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma:

• Unezimpawu zesifo i-Parkinson
• Izimpawu ziba zimbi kakhulu
• Izimpawu ezintsha zenzeka

Uma uthatha imithi yesifo se-Parkinson, tshela umhlinzeki wakho nganoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi, engafaka phakathi:

• Izinguquko ekuxwayeni, ekuziphatheni, noma esimeni semizwa
• Ukuziphatha okukhohlisayo
• Isiyezi
• Ukusangana
• Ukunyakaza okungazinikeli
• Ukulahleka kwemisebenzi yengqondo
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
• Ukudideka okukhulu noma ukudideka

Shayela nomhlinzeki wakho uma isimo siba sibi kakhulu nokunakekelwa kwasekhaya akusakwazi ukwenzeka.

Ama-agitans okukhubazeka; Ukunyakazisa ukukhubazeka

• Ukudla ama-calories amaningi lapho ugula - abantu abadala
• Izinkinga zokugwinya

• I-Substantia nigra nesifo se-Parkinson
• Isistimu yezinzwa emaphakathi nesistimu yezinzwa ezungezayo

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UFox SH, uKatzenschlager R, uLim SY, et al; IKomidi Lezokwelapha Elisekelwe Ebufakazini Obususelwe Ebusweni. Ukubuyekezwa komuthi osuselwa ebufakazini i-International Parkinson neMovement Disorder Society: buyekeza ekwelashweni kwezimpawu zezimoto zesifo sikaParkinson. Ukuphazamiseka kweMov. I-2018; 33 (8): 1248-1266. I-PMID: 29570866 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29570866/.

Isifo sikaJankovic J. Parkinson nezinye izinkinga zokuhamba. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ama-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley ekwenziweni kwemitholampilo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 96.

Okun MS, Lang AE. I-Parkinsonism. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 381.

I-Radder DLM, iSturkenboom IH, i-van Nimwegen M, et al. Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba nokwelashwa kokusebenza kwesifo sikaParkinson. Int J Neurosci. 2017; 127 (10): 930-943. I-PMID: 28007002 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28007002/.