Ukuxokozela

I-narcolepsy yinkinga yesistimu yezinzwa ebangela ukulala ngokweqile nokuhlaselwa kokulala emini.

Ochwepheshe abaqiniseki ngembangela ngqo ye-narcolepsy. Kungaba nezimbangela ezingaphezu kwesisodwa.

Abantu abaningi abane-narcolepsy banezinga eliphansi le-hypocretin (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-orexin). Leli yikhemikhali elenziwe ebuchosheni elisiza ukuthi uhlale uphapheme. Kwabanye abantu abane-narcolepsy, kunamaseli ambalwa enza leli khemikhali. Lokhu kungabangelwa ukusabela okuzenzakalelayo. Ukuphendula okuzenzakalelayo kulapho amasosha omzimba ahlasela ngephutha izicubu zomzimba ezinempilo.

I-narcolepsy ingasebenza emindenini. Abaphenyi bathole izakhi zofuzo ezithile ezixhunyaniswe ne-narcolepsy.

Izimpawu ze-narcolepsy zivame ukuvela phakathi kweminyaka yobudala eyi-15 nengama-30. Ngezansi kunezimpawu ezivame kakhulu.

UKULALA KAKHULU NGESIKHATHI

• Ungazizwa unesifiso esinamandla sokulala, esivame ukulandelwa isikhathi sokulala. Awukwazi ukulawula lapho ulala. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlaselwa ukulala.
• Lezi zikhathi zingahlala kusuka kumasekhondi ambalwa kuya emizuzwini embalwa.
• Kungenzeka ngemuva kokudla, ngenkathi kukhulunywa nothile, noma kwezinye izimo.
• Imvamisa, uvuka uzizwa uvuselelwe.
• Ukuhlaselwa kungenzeka ngesikhathi ushayela noma wenza eminye imisebenzi lapho ukulala kungaba yingozi.

IKATAPLEXY

• Phakathi nalokhu kuhlaselwa, awukwazi ukulawula imisipha yakho futhi awukwazi ukunyakaza. Imizwelo enamandla, njengokuhleka noma intukuthelo, ingadala i-cataplexy.
• Ukuhlaselwa kuvame ukuthatha imizuzwana engama-30 kuye kumizuzu emi-2. Uhlala wazi ngesikhathi uhlaselwa.
• Ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa, ikhanda lakho liwela phambili, umhlathi wakho uyawa, futhi amadolo akho angashayiseka.
• Ezimweni ezinzima, ungawa futhi uhlale ukhubazekile isikhathi esingangemizuzu eminingana.

AMAHHALA

• Ubona noma uzwe izinto ezingekho, kungaba lapho uzumeka noma uvuka.
• Ngesikhathi se-hallucinations, ungazizwa wesaba noma uhlaselwa.

UKUHLANGANISA UKULALA

• Yilapho ungakwazi ukunyakazisa umzimba wakho njengoba uqala ukulala noma lapho uqala ukuvuka.
• Kungathatha imizuzu engu-15.

Iningi labantu abane-narcolepsy banobuthongo emini kanye ne-cataplexy. Akuwona wonke umuntu onazo zonke lezi zimpawu. Ngokumangazayo, yize bekhathele kakhulu, abantu abaningi abane-narcolepsy abalali kahle ebusuku.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-narcolepsy:

• Uhlobo 1 lubandakanya ukulala ngokweqile emini, i-cataplexy, nezinga eliphansi le-hypocretin.
• Uhlobo lwe-2 lubandakanya ukulala ngokweqile emini, kepha akukho-cataplexy, nezinga elijwayelekile le-hypocretin.

Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa komzimba abuze ngezimpawu zakho.

Ungase ube nokuhlolwa kwegazi ukukhipha ezinye izimo ezingadala izimpawu ezifanayo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ukuqwasha nezinye izinkinga zokulala
• I-syndrome yemilenze engenakuphumula
• Ukuquleka
• I-apnea yokulala
• Ezinye izifo zezokwelapha, ezengqondo, noma zesistimu yezinzwa

Ungahle ube nokunye ukuhlolwa, kufaka phakathi:

• I-ECG (ilinganisa umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo yakho)
• I-EEG (ilinganisa umsebenzi kagesi wobuchopho bakho)
• Isifundo sokulala (polysomnogram)
• Ukuhlolwa kokubambezeleka kokulala okuningi (MSLT). Lesi isivivinyo sokubona ukuthi kukuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukulala ngesikhathi sokulala emini. Abantu abane-narcolepsy balale ngokushesha okukhulu kunabantu abangenalesi simo.
• Ukuhlolwa kofuzo ukubheka isakhi sofuzo se-narcolepsy.

Alikho ikhambi le-narcolepsy. Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa kungasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu.

IZINGUQUKO ZOKUPHILA

Izinguquko ezithile zingasiza ukuthuthukisa ukulala kwakho ebusuku futhi zinciphise ukulala emini:

• Lala uvuke ngasikhathi sinye nsuku zonke.
• Gcina ikamelo lakho lokulala limnyama futhi kushisa okunethezekile. Qiniseka ukuthi umbhede wakho nemicamelo yakho ikhululekile.
• Gwema i-caffeine, utshwala, nokudla okunzima amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokulala.
• Ungabhemi.
• Yenza okuthile okuphumuzayo, njengokugeza okufudumele noma ukufunda incwadi ngaphambi kokulala.
• Zivocavoce nsuku zonke, okungakusiza ulale ebusuku. Qiniseka ukuthi uhlela ukuzivocavoca amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokulala.

Lezi zeluleko zingakusiza wenze kangcono emsebenzini nasezimeni zenhlalo.

• Hlela ukulala phakathi nosuku lapho uvame ukuzizwa ukhathele. Lokhu kusiza ukulawula ukulala kwasemini futhi kunciphise inani lokuhlaselwa kokulala okungahleliwe.
• Tshela othisha, abaphathi bomsebenzi, nabangane ngesimo sakho. Ungahle uthande ukuphrinta imininingwane evela kuwebhu mayelana ne-narcolepsy ukuze bayifunde.
• Thola ukwelulekwa, uma kudingeka, ukukusiza ukubhekana nalesi simo. Ukuba ne-narcolepsy kungacindezela.

Uma une-narcolepsy, ungahle ube nemikhawulo yokushayela. Imikhawulo iyahlukahluka kuye ngesifundazwe.

IMITHI

• Imithi evuselelayo ingakusiza ukuthi uhlale uphapheme emini.
• Imithi elwa nokudangala ingasiza ekwehliseni iziqephu ze-cataplexy, ukukhubazeka kokulala, kanye nemibono.
• I-sodium oxybate (Xyrem) isebenza kahle ekulawuleni i-cataplexy. Kungasiza futhi ukulawula ukulala kwasemini.

Le mithi ingaba nemiphumela engemihle. Sebenza nomhlinzeki wakho ukuthola uhlelo lokwelashwa olusebenzela wena.

I-narcolepsy yisimo sempilo yonke.

Kungaba yingozi uma iziqephu zenzeka ngenkathi ushayela, usebenzisa imishini, noma wenza imisebenzi efanayo.

I-narcolepsy imane ilawulwe ngokwelashwa. Ukwelapha ezinye izinkinga zokulala ezingaphansi kungathuthukisa izimpawu ze-narcolepsy.

Ukulala ngokweqile ngenxa ye-narcolepsy kungaholela ku:

• Inkinga yokusebenza emsebenzini
• Inkinga yokuba sezimweni zomphakathi
• Ukulimala nezingozi
• Imiphumela emibi yemithi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha lesi sifo kungenzeka

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma:

• Unezimpawu zobudlwangudlwangu
• I-narcolepsy ayiphenduli ekwelashweni
• Uba nezimpawu ezintsha

Awukwazi ukuvimbela i-narcolepsy. Ukwelashwa kunganciphisa inani lokuhlaselwa. Gwema izimo ezidala lesi simo uma ujwayele ukuhlaselwa i-narcolepsy.

Ukuphazamiseka kokulala emini; I-Cataplexy

• Amaphethini wokulala kwabancane nasebekhulile

I-Chokroverty S, i-Avidan AY. Ukulala nokuphazamiseka kwayo. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ama-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley ekwenziweni kwemitholampilo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 102.

UKrahn LE, uHershner S, uLoeding LD, et al .; I-American Academy Yemithi Yokulala. Izinyathelo zekhwalithi zokunakekelwa kweziguli ezine-narcolepsy. J Clin Ukulala Med. 2015; 11 (3): 335. I-PMID: 25700880 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25700880.

UMignot E. Narcolepsy: izakhi zofuzo, i-immunology, ne-pathophysiology. Ku: Kryger M, Roth T, Dement WC, ama-eds. Izimiso Nokwenza Kwendlela Yokulala. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 89.