I-rhinitis yokungezwani

I-allergen rhinitis ukuxilongwa okuhambisana neqembu lezimpawu ezithinta ikhala. Lezi zimpawu zenzeka uma uphefumula okuthile okwaliwa yikho, njengothuli, i-animal dander, noma impova. Izimpawu zingenzeka futhi uma udla ukudla ongaxabani nakho.

Lo mbhalo ugxile ku-rhinitis yokungezwani komzimba ngenxa yezitshalo ezikhulayo. Lolu hlobo lwe-rhinitis yokungezwani komzimba lubizwa ngokuthi yi-hay fever noma ukungezwani komzimba ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka.

I-allergen yinto ebangela ukungezwani komzimba. Lapho umuntu one-allergen rhinitis ephefumula ku-allergen enjenge-pollen, isikhunta, i-animal dander, noma uthuli, umzimba ukhipha amakhemikhali abangela izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba.

I-hay fever ihilela ukusabela okweqile kwimpova.

Izitshalo ezibangela i-hay fever izihlahla, utshani, ne-ragweed. Impova yazo ithwalwa ngumoya. (Imbuzi impova ithwalwa yizinambuzane futhi ayiyibangeli i-hay fever.) Izinhlobo zezitshalo ezibangela i-hay fever ziyahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu nakwezinye izindawo.

Inani lempova esemoyeni lingathinta ukuthi ngabe izimpawu ze-hay fever ziyakhula noma cha.

• Izinsuku ezishisayo, ezomile, ezinomoya zinamathuba amaningi okuba nempova eningi emoyeni.
• Ngezinsuku ezipholile, ezimanzi, nezimvula, impova eningi igezwa phansi.

I-hay fever kanye ne-allergies kuvame ukugijima emindenini. Uma bobabili abazali bakho benomkhuhlane noma ezinye izifo, kungenzeka ukuthi une-hay fever kanye ne-allergies, futhi. Ithuba liphakeme uma umama wakho ene-allergies.

Izimpawu ezenzeka ngemuva nje kokuhlangana nento oyiphikisayo ingafaka:

• Ikhala, umlomo, amehlo, umphimbo, isikhumba, noma iyiphi indawo
• Izinkinga ngephunga
• Iphunga eligijimayo
• Ukuthimula
• Amehlo amanzi

Izimpawu ezingakhula kamuva zifaka:

• Impumu eminyene (isiminyaminya samakhala)
• Ukukhwehlela
• Izindlebe ezivalekile nokwehla kwephunga
• Umphimbo obuhlungu
• Imibuthano emnyama ngaphansi kwamehlo
• Ukukhukhumala ngaphansi kwamehlo
• Ukukhathala nokucasula
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa komzimba abuze ngezimpawu zakho. Uzobuzwa ukuthi ngabe izimpawu zakho ziyahlukahluka ngesikhathi sosuku noma sonyaka, nokuchayeka ezifuyweni noma kwezinye izifo.

Ukuhlolwa kokungezwani komzimba kungaveza impova noma ezinye izinto ezibangela izimpawu zakho. Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba kuyindlela ejwayelekile yokuhlolwa kokungezwani komzimba.

Uma udokotela wakho enquma ukuthi awukwazi ukuhlolwa isikhumba, ukuhlolwa kwegazi okukhethekile kungasiza ekuxilongweni. Lezi zivivinyo, ezaziwa njengezivivinyo ze-IgE RAST, zingalinganisa amazinga ezinto ezihlobene nokungezwani komzimba.

Ukuhlolwa okuphelele kokubalwa kwegazi (CBC), okubizwa ngokuthi yi-eosinophil count, nakho kungasiza ukuxilonga ukungezwani komzimba.

INDLELA YOKUPHILA NOKUGWEMA AMA-ALERGENS

Ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu ukugwema impova ebangela izimpawu zakho. Kungenzeka kungenzeki ukugwema yonke impova. Kepha ungahle uthathe izinyathelo zokunciphisa ukuvezwa kwakho.

Ungahle unikezwe umuthi wokwelapha i-allergen rhinitis. Umuthi okunikezwa udokotela wakho kuya ngezimpawu zakho nokuthi zinzima kangakanani. Iminyaka yakho nokuthi unazo yini ezinye izimo zezokwelapha, njengesifuba somoya, nayo izocatshangelwa.

Nge-rhinitis elula yokungezwani komzimba, ukugeza ngamakhala kungasiza ukususa isikhwehlela emakhaleni. Ungathenga i-saline solution esitolo sezidakamizwa noma uyenze ekhaya usebenzisa inkomishi eyi-1 (240 milliliters) yamanzi afudumele, uhhafu wethisipuni (3 amagremu) kasawoti, nengcosana yesoda yokubhaka.

Ukwelashwa kwe-allergen rhinitis kufaka:

ANTIHISTAMINES

Imithi ebizwa ngama-antihistamine isebenza kahle ekwelapheni izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba. Zingasetshenziswa lapho izimpawu zingenzeki kaningi noma zingahlali isikhathi eside. Yazi okulandelayo:

• Ama-antihistamine amaningi athathwe ngomlomo angathengwa ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela.
• Ezinye zingadala ukulala. Akufanele ushayele noma usebenzise imishini ngemuva kokuthatha lolu hlobo lomuthi.
• Ezinye zibangela ubuthongo obuncane noma zingabikho nhlobo.
• Isifutho se-antihistamine acinene sisebenza kahle ekwelapheni i-allergen rhinitis. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi kufanele uzame le mithi kuqala.

I-CORTICOSTEROIDS

• Izifutho ze-Nasal corticosteroid ziyindlela yokwelapha ephumelela kunazo zonke ye-allergen rhinitis.
• Zisebenza kahle kakhulu lapho zisetshenziswa zingami, kodwa zingasiza futhi lapho zisetshenziselwa isikhathi esifushane.
• Izifutho ze-Corticosteroid ngokuvamile ziphephile ezinganeni nakubantu abadala.
• Izinhlobo eziningi ziyatholakala. Ungathenga izinhlobo ezine ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela. Kuyo yonke eminye imikhiqizo, uzodinga incwadi kadokotela.

AMAQEMBU OKUQALA

• Ama-decongestants nawo angasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu ezinjengokuqina kwamakhala.
• Ungasebenzisi ama-decongestant okufafaza amakhala acishe abe ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezintathu.

EMINYE IMITHI

• Ama-leukotriene inhibitors yimithi kadokotela evimba ama-leukotrienes. Lawa amakhemikhali akhishwa ngumzimba ekuphenduleni i-allergen nayo ebangela izimpawu.

UKUDLULISWA KWE-ALERGY

Ukudubula kokungezwani komzimba (i-immunotherapy) kwesinye isikhathi kuyanconywa uma ungakwazi ukugwema impova futhi izimpawu zakho kunzima ukuzilawula. Lokhu kufaka phakathi amahlumela avamile we-pollen ongezwani nawo. Umthamo ngamunye mkhulu kancane kunomthamo ngaphambi kwawo, uze ufinyelele umthamo osiza ukulawula izimpawu zakho. Ukudubula komzimba kungasiza umzimba wakho ukujwayela impova ebangela ukusabela.

UKWELASHWA KWE-SUNLINGUAL IMMUNOTHERAPY (SLIT)

Esikhundleni sokudutshulwa, umuthi ofakwe ngaphansi kolimi ungasiza utshani kanye ne-ragweed allergies.

Izimpawu eziningi ze-allergen rhinitis zingelashwa. Amacala abucayi kakhulu adinga isibhamu sokungezwani komzimba.

Abanye abantu, ikakhulukazi izingane, bangadlula ukungezwani komzimba njengoba amasosha omzimba engazweli ku-trigger. Kepha uma into, efana nempova, ibangela ukungezwani komzimba, ivame ukuqhubeka nokuba nomthelela wesikhathi eside kumuntu.

Shayela i-aphoyintimenti nomhlinzeki wakho uma:

• Unezimpawu ezinzima ze-hay fever
• Ukwelashwa okwake kwakusebenzela akusasebenzi
• Izimpawu zakho aziphenduli ekwelashweni

Ngezinye izikhathi ungazivikela izimpawu ngokugwema impova ongelwani nayo. Phakathi nenkathi yempova, kufanele uhlale ezindlini lapho kunomoya opholile khona, uma kungenzeka. Lala uvaliwe amawindi, bese ushayela ngamawindi asongwe.

Imfiva ethimulisayo; Ukungezwani komzimba ngamakhala; Ukungezwani komzimba kwesizini; I-rhinitis yesikhashana yokugula; Ukungezwani komzimba - i-rhinitis yokungezwani komzimba; Ukungezwani komzimba - i-rhinitis yokungezwani komzimba

• I-allergen rhinitis - okufanele ubuze udokotela wakho - umuntu omdala
• I-allergen rhinitis - okufanele ubuze udokotela - ingane yakho

• Izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba
• I-rhinitis yokungezwani
• Ukubona umhlaseli

ICox DR, Wise SK, iBaroody FM. Ukungezwani komzimba nokuzivikela komzimba kwe-airway engenhla. Ku: IFlint PW, uFrancis HW, uHaughey BH, et al, eds. I-Cummings Otolaryngology: Ukuhlinzwa Kwekhanda Nentamo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 35.

UMilgrom H, uSicherer SH. I-rhinitis yokungezwani. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhlaka 21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 168.

I-Wallace DV, i-Dykewicz MS, i-Oppenheimer J, iPortnoy JM, iLang DM. Ukwelashwa kwe-Pharmacologic ye-allergen rhinitis yesikhathi sonyaka: amazwibela wokuqondiswa okuvela eqenjini elihlangene le-2017 kumapharamitha wokuzijwayeza. U-Ann Intern Med. 2017; 167 (12): 876-881. I-PMID: 29181536 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29181536/.