Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa

Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa yishukela eliphakeme legazi (i-glucose) eliqala noma elitholwa okokuqala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Ama-hormone okukhulelwa angavimba i-insulin ekwenzeni umsebenzi wayo. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, izinga le-glucose lingakhuphuka egazini lowesifazane okhulelwe.

Usengozini enkulu yesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa uma:

• Uneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-25 uma ukhulelwe
• Baqhamuka esizweni esinobungozi obukhulu, njengeLatino, i-African American, aboMdabu baseMelika, abase-Asia noma isiQhingi sasePacific
• Yiba nomlando womndeni wesifo sikashukela
• Wazala ingane enesisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu angu-4 noma enenkinga yokuzalwa
• Yiba nomfutho wegazi ophezulu
• Yiba ne-amniotic fluid eningi kakhulu
• Ngibe nokukhulelwa kwesisu okungaqondakali noma ukubeletha ingane ifile
• Wayekhuluphele ngaphambi kokukhulelwa kwakho
• Thola isisindo esiningi ngesikhathi ukhulelwe
• Iba ne-polycystic ovary syndrome

Isikhathi esiningi, azikho izimpawu. Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa ngaphambi kokubeletha.

Izimpawu ezimnene, njengokunyuka ukoma noma ukuzamazama, zingaba khona. Lezi zimpawu imvamisa azisongeli impilo kowesifazane okhulelwe.

Ezinye izimpawu zingafaka:

• Ukubona okufiphele
• Ukukhathala
• Ukutheleleka njalo, kufaka phakathi lokho kwesinye, isitho sowesifazane sangasese, nesikhumba
• Ukoma okwengeziwe
• Ukwanda kokuchama

Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa ngokuvamile siqala maphakathi nokukhulelwa. Bonke abesifazane abakhulelwe kufanele bathole ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela i-glucose yomlomo (ukuhlolwa kwenselelo yoshukela) phakathi kweviki lama-24 nelama-28 lokukhulelwa ukubheka isimo. Abesifazane abanezici zobungozi besifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa bangathola lokhu kuhlolwa ngaphambi kokukhulelwa.

Uma usutholakale unesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa, ungabona ukuthi wenza kahle kangakanani ngokuhlola izinga lakho le-glucose ekhaya. Indlela ejwayelekile kunazo zonke ifaka ukubhoboza umunwe wakho nokubeka ithonsi legazi lakho emshinini ozokunika ukufundwa kweglucose.

Izinhloso zokwelashwa ukugcina izinga likashukela egazini (ushukela) emikhawulweni ejwayelekile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthi umntwana okhulayo unempilo.

UKUBUKELA INGANE YAKHO

Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo kufanele akuhlolisise wena nengane yakho phakathi naso sonke isikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ukuqapha kwe-Fetal kuzohlola ubukhulu nempilo yombungu.

Isivivinyo se-nonstress silula, isivivinyo esingenabuhlungu kuwe nasenganeni yakho.

• Umshini ozwa futhi ubonise ukushaya kwenhliziyo yengane yakho (i-electronic fetal monitor) ubekwa esiswini sakho.
• Umhlinzeki wakho angaqhathanisa iphethini yokushaya kwenhliziyo yengane yakho nokunyakaza futhi athole ukuthi ngabe ingane yenza kahle yini.

Uma uthatha umuthi wokulawula isifo sikashukela, kungadingeka ukuthi ubhekwe kaningi ngasekupheleni kokukhulelwa kwakho.

UKUDLA NOKUVivinya umzimba

Ezimweni eziningi, ukudla ukudla okunempilo, ukuhlala usebenza, nokulawula isisindo sakho konke okudingekayo ukwelapha isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa.

Indlela engcono yokwenza ngcono indlela odla ngayo iwukudla izinhlobo ezahlukene zokudla okunempilo. Kufanele ufunde ukuthi ungafunda kanjani amalebula okudla bese uwahlola lapho uthatha izinqumo zokudla. Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho uma ungumuntu odla imifino noma okunye ukudla okhethekile.

Ngokuvamile, uma unesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa, indlela odla ngayo kufanele:

• Linganisela emafutheni nasemaprotheni
• Nikeza ama-carbohydrate ngokudla okubandakanya izithelo, imifino, nama-carbohydrate ayinkimbinkimbi (njengesinkwa, okusanhlamvu, ipasta nelayisi)
• Yiba nokudla okuphansi okuqukethe ushukela omningi, njengeziphuzo ezibandayo, amajusi wezithelo, namakhekhe

Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho mayelana nemisebenzi engokomzimba elungele wena. Ukuzivocavoca okunomthelela ophansi, njengokubhukuda, ukuhamba ngamandla, noma ukusebenzisa umshini we-elliptical kuyizindlela eziphephile zokulawula ushukela wegazi nesisindo sakho.

Uma ukuphatha indlela odla ngayo nokuvivinya umzimba kungalawuli ushukela wegazi lakho, ungahle unikezwe imithi yesifo sikashukela noma i-insulin therapy.

Kunezingozi eziningi zokuba nesifo sikashukela lapho ukhulelwe lapho ushukela wegazi ungalawulwa kahle. Ngokulawulwa okuhle, ukukhulelwa okuningi kunemiphumela emihle.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe abanesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa bavame ukuba nezingane ezinkulu lapho bezalwa. Lokhu kungakhuphula amathuba ezinkinga ngesikhathi sokulethwa, kufaka phakathi:

• Ukulimala kokuzalwa (ukuhlukumezeka) ngenxa yobukhulu obukhulu bomntwana
• Ukulethwa nge-C-section

Ingane yakho inamathuba amaningi okuba nezikhathi zoshukela wegazi ophansi (i-hypoglycemia) phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala zokuphila, futhi ingadinga ukubhekwa egunjini lokunakekela izingane ezisanda kuzalwa (NICU) izinsuku ezimbalwa.

Omama abanesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa banengozi eyengeziwe yomfutho wegazi ophakeme ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye nengozi eyengeziwe yokulethwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Omama abanoshukela wegazi ongalawuleki kakhulu banengozi enkulu yokuzala ingane ifile.

Ngemuva kokubeletha:

• Izinga lakho eliphezulu likashukela egazini (ushukela) livame ukubuyela kokujwayelekile.
• Kufanele ulandelwe eduze ngezimpawu zesifo sikashukela eminyakeni emihlanu kuya kweyishumi ezayo ngemuva kokubeletha.

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho uma ukhulelwe futhi unezimpawu zesifo sikashukela.

Ukunakekelwa ngaphambi kokubeletha kusenesikhathi nokuhlolwa njalo kusiza ekuthuthukiseni impilo yakho kanye nempilo yengane yakho. Ukuhlolwa ngaphambi kokubeletha emavikini angama-24 kuya kwangu-28 okukhulelwa kuzosiza ukuthola isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Uma ukhuluphele ngokweqile, ukuthola isisindo sakho ebangeni elijwayelekile lomzimba (BMI) kuzonciphisa ubungozi besifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa.

Ukungabekezelelani kwe-glucose ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa

• Amapancreas
• Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa

I-American Diabetes Association. 14. Ukuphathwa kwesifo sikashukela ekukhulelweni: amazinga wokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha kusifo sikashukela-2020. Ukunakekelwa yisifo sikashukela. 2020; 43 (Suppl 1): S183-S192. I-PMID: 31862757 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31862757/.

I-Landon MB, PM PM Catalano, uGabbe SG. Isifo sikashukela sinenkinga yokukhulelwa. Ku: Landon MB, Galan HL, Jauniaux ERM, et al, ama-eds. Ama-Obstetrics kaGabbe: Ukukhulelwa Okujwayelekile Nenkinga. Umhlaka 8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 45.

I-Metzger BE. Isifo sikashukela nokukhulelwa. Ku: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, et al, abahleli. I-Endocrinology: Eyabantu Abadala Neyengane. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 45.

I-Moyer VA; I-US Preventive Services Task Force. Ukuhlolwa kwesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa: Isitatimende sezincomo se-US Preventive Services Task Force. U-Ann Intern Med. 2014; 160 (6): 414-420. I-PMID: 24424622 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24424622/.