Ukuphazamiseka kwezimpawu zeSomatic

I-Somatic symptom disorder (SSD) yenzeka lapho umuntu ezwa ngokweqile, ukukhathazeka ngokweqile ngezimpawu zomzimba. Umuntu unemicabango ejulile, imizwa, nokuziphatha okuhlobene nezimpawu, ukuthi bazizwe bengenakukwazi ukwenza eminye imisebenzi yempilo yansuku zonke. Bangakholelwa ukuthi izinkinga ezijwayelekile zezokwelapha zisongela impilo. Lokhu kukhathazeka kungenzeka kungabi ngcono yize kunemiphumela ejwayelekile yokuhlolwa nokuqinisekiswa okuvela kumhlinzeki wokunakekelwa kwezempilo.

Umuntu one-SSD akazenzi izimpawu zakhe. Ubuhlungu nezinye izinkinga zingokoqobo. Kungabangelwa inkinga yezokwelapha. Imvamisa, ayikho imbangela ebonakalayo etholakala. Kodwa-ke, ukusabela okweqile nokuziphatha mayelana nezimpawu okuyinkinga enkulu.

I-SSD ivame ukuqala ngaphambi kweminyaka yobudala engama-30. Kwenzeka kaningi kwabesifazane kunakubesilisa. Akucaci ukuthi kungani abanye abantu beba nalesi simo. Izici ezithile zingabandakanyeka:

• Ukuba nombono ongemuhle
• Ukuzwela ngokwengeziwe ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo ebuhlungwini nokunye ukuzwa
• Umlando womndeni noma ukukhuliswa
• Izakhi zofuzo

Abantu abanomlando wokuhlukunyezwa ngokomzimba noma ngokocansi bangahle babe nalesi sifo. Kepha akuwona wonke umuntu one-SSD onomlando wokuhlukunyezwa.

I-SSD ifana nesifo sokukhathazeka ngokugula (i-hypochondria). Yilapho abantu bekhathazeka ngokweqile ngokugula noma ngokuthola isifo esibi. Balindele ngokuphelele ukuthi bazogula kakhulu esikhathini esithile. Ngokungafani ne-SSD, ngesifo sokukhathazeka ngokugula, zimbalwa noma azikho izimpawu zangempela zomzimba.

Izimpawu zomzimba ezingenzeka nge-SSD zingafaka:

• Ubuhlungu
• Ukukhathala noma ubuthakathaka
• Ukuphelelwa umoya

Izimpawu zingaba mnene zibe nzima. Kungaba khona uphawu olulodwa noma eziningi. Bangafika badlule noma bashintshe. Izimpawu zingaba ngenxa yesimo sezokwelapha kepha futhi kungenzeka zingabi nasizathu esicacile.

Indlela abantu abazizwa futhi baziphathe ngayo ekuphenduleni le mizwa ebonakalayo yizimpawu eziyinhloko ze-SSD. Lokhu kusabela kufanele kuqhubeke izinyanga eziyisithupha noma ngaphezulu. Abantu abane-SSD banga:

• Zizwe ukhathazeka ngokweqile ngezimpawu
• Zizwe ukhathazekile ngokuthi izimpawu ezimnene ziwuphawu lwesifo esibi
• Iya kudokotela ukuze uhlolwe kaningi nezinqubo, kepha ungakholelwa imiphumela
• Yiba nomuzwa wokuthi udokotela akazithathi ngokwanele izimpawu zabo noma akenzanga umsebenzi omuhle ukwelapha le nkinga
• Chitha isikhathi esiningi namandla ubhekene nezinkinga zezempilo
• Unenkinga yokusebenza ngenxa yemicabango, imizwa, nokuziphatha mayelana nezimpawu

Uzoba nokuhlolwa okuphelele ngokomzimba. Umhlinzeki wakho angenza izivivinyo ezithile ukuthola noma yiziphi izimbangela zomzimba. Izinhlobo zokuhlolwa okwenziwayo zincike ekutheni unaziphi izimpawu.

Umhlinzeki wakho angakudlulisela kumhlinzeki wezempilo yengqondo. Umhlinzeki wezempilo yengqondo angenza olunye ukuhlolwa.

Inhloso yokwelashwa ukulawula izimpawu zakho nokusiza ukuthi usebenze empilweni.

Ukuba nobuhlobo obusekelayo nomhlinzeki wakho kubalulekile ekwelashweni kwakho.

• Kufanele ube nomhlinzeki wokunakekelwa oyinhloko oyedwa kuphela. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi ugweme ukwenza izivivinyo nezinqubo ezingadingeki.
• Kufanele ubone umhlinzeki wakho njalo ukuze ubuyekeze izimpawu zakho nokuthi ubhekana kanjani nakho.

Ungabona futhi nomhlinzeki wezempilo yengqondo (Therapist). Kubalulekile ukubona owelapha onolwazi lokwelapha i-SSD. Ukwelashwa kokuziphatha kwengqondo kunguhlobo lwezindlela zokukhuluma ezingasiza ekwelapheni i-SSD. Ukusebenza nomelaphi kungasiza ekudambiseni ubuhlungu bakho nezinye izimpawu. Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, uzofunda uku:

• Bheka imizwa yakho nezinkolelo zakho mayelana nempilo kanye nezimpawu zakho
• Thola izindlela zokunciphisa ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka mayelana nezimpawu
• Yeka ukugxila kakhulu kwizimpawu zakho zomzimba
• Bona ukuthi yini ebonakala yenza ubuhlungu noma ezinye izimpawu zibe zimbi kakhulu
• Funda ukuthi ungabhekana kanjani nobuhlungu noma ezinye izimpawu
• Hlala usebenza futhi ube nomphakathi, noma ngabe usenobuhlungu noma ezinye izimpawu
• Umsebenzi kangcono empilweni yakho yansuku zonke

Umelaphi wakho uzophatha nokudangala noma ezinye izifo zempilo yengqondo ongaba nazo. Ungathatha imishanguzo yokusiza ukudambisa ukukhathazeka nokudangala.

Akufanele utshelwe ukuthi izimpawu zakho zicabanga noma konke kusekhanda lakho. Umhlinzeki wakho kufanele asebenze nawe ukuphatha zombili izimpawu zomzimba nezingokomzwelo.

Uma ungalashwa, ungahle ube:

• Izinkinga zokusebenza empilweni
• Izinkinga nomndeni, abangane, nomsebenzi
• Impilo ebuthaka
• Ingozi eyengeziwe yokucindezeleka nokuzibulala
• Izinkinga zemali ngenxa yezindleko zokuvakasha ngokweqile nokuhlolwa kwamahhovisi

I-SSD yisimo sesikhathi eside (esingapheli). Ukusebenza nabahlinzeki bakho nokulandela uhlelo lwakho lwezokwelapha kubalulekile ukuphatha lesi sifo.

Kufanele uxhumane nomhlinzeki wakho uma:

• Zizwe ukhathazeke kakhulu ngezimpawu zomzimba ongeke usebenze
• Yiba nezimpawu zokukhathazeka noma zokudangala

Ukwelulekwa kungasiza abantu abajwayele i-SSD ukuthi bafunde ezinye izindlela zokubhekana nengcindezi. Lokhu kungasiza ukunciphisa ukuqina kwezimpawu.

Uphawu lweSomatic nokuphazamiseka okuhlobene nakho; Ukuphazamiseka kwe-Somatization; Izinkinga zeSomatiform; Isifo se-Briquet; Isifo sokukhathazeka

I-American Psychiatric Association. Ukuphazamiseka kwezimpawu zeSomatic. Incwajana Yokuhlola Nezibalo Yezinkinga Zengqondo. Umhlaka 5. I-Arlington, VA: Ukushicilelwa Kwe-Psychiatric yaseMelika; 2013: 311-315.

UGerstenblith TA, uKontos N. Ukuphazamiseka kwezimpawu zeSomatic. Ku: Stern TA, Fava M, Wilens TE, Rosenbaum JF, ama-eds. IMassachusetts General Hospital Comprehensive Clinical Psychiatry. Okwesibili. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 24.