Umfutho wegazi ophakeme nesifo samehlo

Umfutho wegazi ophezulu ungalimaza imithambo yegazi ku-retina. I-retina ungqimba lwezicubu engxenyeni engemuva yeso. Ishintsha ukukhanya nezithombe ezingena esweni zibe amasignali ezinzwa athunyelwa ebuchosheni.

Uma umfutho wegazi uphakama futhi uma ubusuphakeme isikhathi eside, kulindeleke ukuthi umonakalo ube mkhulu kakhulu.

Unengozi enkulu yokulimala nokulahleka kombono lapho unesifo sikashukela, izinga eliphakeme le-cholesterol, noma obhemayo.

Imvamisa, umfutho wegazi ophakeme ukhula ngokuzumayo. Kodwa-ke, uma kwenzeka, kungadala ushintsho olunzima esweni.

Ezinye izinkinga nge-retina nazo zinamathuba amaningi, njenge:

• Ukulimala kwemizwa esweni ngenxa yokungahambi kahle kwegazi
• Ukuvaleka kwemithambo ehambisa igazi kwi-retina
• Ukuvaleka kwemithambo ehambisa igazi kude ne-retina

Iningi labantu abane-retinopathy ene-hypertensive abanazo izimpawu kuze kube sekupheleni kwesifo.

Izimpawu zingafaka:

• Umbono ophindwe kabili, umbono omncane, noma ukulahleka kombono
• Ukuphathwa ikhanda

Izimpawu ezingazelelwe ziyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Ngokuvamile kusho ukuthi umfutho wegazi uphakeme kakhulu.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzosebenzisa i-ophthalmoscope ukubheka ukuncipha kwemithambo yegazi kanye nezimpawu zokuthi uketshezi luputshukile emithanjeni yegazi.

Izinga lokulimala kwe-retina (i-retinopathy) lihlelwe ngesilinganiso esingu-1 kuye ku-4:

• Ibanga 1: Ungahle ungabi nazimpawu.
• Amabanga 2 kuya ku-3: Kunezinguquko eziningana emithanjeni yegazi, evuzayo emithanjeni yegazi, nokuvuvukala kwezinye izingxenye ze-retina.
• Ibanga lesi-4: Uzoba nokuvuvukala kwe-optic nerve kanye nendawo yokubuka ye-retina (macula). Lokhu kuvuvukala kungadala ukwehla kombono.

Ungadinga ukuhlolwa okukhethekile ukuhlola imithambo yegazi.

Ukuphela kokwelapha i-hypertensive retinopathy ukulawula umfutho wegazi ophakeme.

Abantu abanebanga lesi-4 (i-retinopathy enamandla) bavame ukuba nezinkinga zenhliziyo nezinso ngenxa yomfutho wegazi ophezulu. Basengozini enkulu yokushaywa unhlangothi.

Ezimweni eziningi, i-retina izokwelashwa uma umfutho wegazi ulawulwa. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu abane-grade 4 retinopathy bazoba nomonakalo ongapheli emithanjeni ye-optic noma kwi-macula.

Thola ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo uma unengcindezi ephezulu yegazi ngokushintsha kombono noma ikhanda.

I-retinopathy ene-hypertension

• I-retinopathy ene-hypertension
• URetina

Levy PD, Brody A.Umfutho wegazi ophezulu. Ku: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, ama-eds. Imithi Ephuthumayo yaseRosen: Imiqondo kanye Nokuzijwayeza Komtholampilo. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 74.

I-Rachitskaya AV. I-retinopathy ene-hypertension. Ku: Yanoff M, Duker JS, ama-eds. I-Ophthalmology. Umhlaka 5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 6.

I-Yim-lui Cheung C, Wong TY. Umfutho wegazi ophezulu. Ku: Schachat AP, Sadda SVR, Hinton DR, Wilkinson CP, Wiedemann P, abahleli. URitina kaRyan. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 52.