Izinyawo eziphansi

Izinyawo eziyizicaba (pes planus) zisho ushintsho ekubunjweni konyawo lapho unyawo lungenayo i-arch ejwayelekile lapho lumi.

Izinyawo eziphansi ziyisimo esivamile. Isimo sijwayelekile ezinganeni nasezinsaneni.

Izinyawo eziyizicaba zenzeka ngoba izicubu ezibambe amalunga onyawo ndawonye (ezibizwa ngokuthi imisipha) zivulekile.

Izicubu ziyaqina futhi zakhe i-arch njengoba izingane zikhula. Lokhu kuzokwenzeka ngesikhathi ingane ineminyaka emibili noma emithathu ubudala. Iningi labantu linemengamo evamile lapho selikhulile. Kodwa-ke, i-arch kungenzeka ingakheki kwabanye abantu.

Ezinye izimo zofuzo zibangela imisipha evulekile.

• I-Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
• IMarfan Syndrome

Abantu abazalwa nalezi zimo bangase babe nezinyawo eziyizicaba.

Ukuguga, ukulimala, noma ukugula kungalimaza imisipha futhi kubangele ukuba kukhule izinyawo eziyizicaba kumuntu osevele wakha imengamo. Lolu hlobo lonyawo oluyisicaba kungenzeka kuphela ohlangothini olulodwa.

Kukaningi, izinyawo eziyizicaba ezibuhlungu ezinganeni zingadalwa yisimo lapho amathambo amabili noma ngaphezulu onyawo ekhula noma ehlangana khona. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokubambisana kwetarsal.

Izinyawo eziningi eziyizicaba azibangeli ubuhlungu noma ezinye izinkinga.

Izingane zingase zibe nezinhlungu zonyawo, izinhlungu eqakaleni, noma izinhlungu zomlenze ezingezansi. Kufanele zihlolwe ngumhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uma lokhu kwenzeka.

Izimpawu kubantu abadala zingafaka ukukhathala noma izinyawo eziqaqambayo ngemuva kwesikhathi eside sokuma noma ukudlala imidlalo. Ungaba nobuhlungu ngaphandle kweqakala.

Kubantu abanezinyawo eziyizicaba, umnyathela wonyawo uhlangana nomhlabathi lapho umile.

Ukuthola inkinga, umhlinzeki uzokucela ukuthi ume ezinzwaneni zakho. Uma kwakha i-arch, unyawo oluyisicaba lubizwa ngokuthi luyaguquguquka Ngeke usadinga ezinye izivivinyo noma ukwelashwa.

Uma i-arch ingenzeki ngokuma kwezinzwane (okubizwa ngezinyawo eziqinile), noma uma kukhona ubuhlungu, okunye ukuhlolwa kungadingeka, kufaka phakathi:

• I-CT scan ukubheka amathambo onyaweni
• Ukuskena kwe-MRI ukubheka imisipha onyaweni
• I-X-ray yonyawo ukubheka isifo samathambo

Izinyawo eziyizicaba enganeni azidingi ukwelashwa uma zingabangeli ubuhlungu noma izinkinga zokuhamba.

• Izinyawo zengane yakho zizokhula futhi zikhule ngokufanayo, noma ngabe kusetshenziswa izicathulo ezikhethekile, ukufaka izicathulo, izinkomishi zezithende, noma ama-wedge.
• Ingane yakho ingahamba ingafake zicathulo, igijime noma igxume, noma yenze omunye umsebenzi ngaphandle kokwenza izinyawo eziyisicaba zibe zimbi kakhulu.

Ezinganeni ezindala nakubantu abadala, izinyawo eziguqukayo eziguqukayo ezingabangeli ubuhlungu noma izinkinga zokuhamba azidingi ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo.

Uma unezinhlungu ngenxa yezinyawo eziguqukayo eziguqukayo, okulandelayo kungasiza:

• I-arch-support (orthotic) oyifaka esicathulweni sakho. Ungakuthenga lokhu esitolo noma ukwenze ngokwezifiso.
• Izicathulo ezikhethekile.
• Imisipha yethole iyelula.

Izinyawo eziyizicaba eziqinile noma ezibuhlungu kudingeka zihlolwe ngumhlinzeki. Ukwelashwa kuya ngesizathu sezinyawo eziyizicaba.

Kumfelandawonye wetarsal, ukwelashwa kuqala ngokuphumula futhi mhlawumbe nabalingisi. Ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka uma ubuhlungu bungathuthuki.

Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka ukuze:

• Hlanza noma lungisa ithenda
• Ukudluliswa kwethenda ukubuyisela i-arch
• Fuse amalunga onyawo abe sesimweni esilungisiwe

Izinyawo eziyizicaba kubantu abadala zingalashwa ngokudambisa izinhlungu, ama-orthotic, kwesinye isikhathi nokuhlinzwa.

Amacala amaningi ezinyawo eziyizicaba awanabuhlungu futhi awabangeli zinkinga. Ngeke badinge ukwelashwa.

Ezinye izimbangela zezinyawo ezibuhlungu ezingelapheki zingelashwa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa. Uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasebenzi, kungadingeka ukuhlinzwa ukuze kudambise izinhlungu kwezinye izimo. Ezinye izimo ezifana nobumbano lwe-tarsal zingadinga ukuhlinzwa ukulungisa ukukhubazeka ukuze unyawo luhlale luguquguquka.

Ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kobuhlungu nonyawo kubantu abayidingayo.

Izinkinga ezingaba khona ngemuva kokuhlinzwa zifaka:

• Ukwehluleka kwamathambo ahlanganisiwe ukuphola
• Ukukhubazeka konyawo okungapheli
• Ukutheleleka
• Ukulahlekelwa ukunyakaza kwamaqakala
• Ubuhlungu obungapheli
• Izinkinga ngokulingana kwesicathulo

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma uhlangabezana nobuhlungu obungapheli ezinyaweni zakho noma ingane yakho ikhononda ngobuhlungu bezinyawo noma ubuhlungu bomlenze ophansi.

Amacala amaningi awavikeleki. Noma kunjalo, ukugqoka izicathulo ezisekelwa kahle kungasiza.

I-Pes planovalgus; Imengamo ewile; Ukuphinyiselwa kwezinyawo; Pes planus

Grear BJ. Ukuphazamiseka kwamathenda kanye ne-fascia kanye ne-pes planus yentsha kanye nabantu abadala. Ku: Azar FM, Beaty JH, Kanale ST, ama-eds. I-Operational Orthopedics yaseCampbell. Umhlaka 13. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 82.

UMyerson MS, uKadakia AR. Ukulungiswa kokukhubazeka kwe-flatfoot kumuntu omdala. Ku: Myerson MS, Kadakia AR, eds. Ukuhlinzwa Kwezinyawo Namaqakala Okuvuselelwa: Ukuphathwa Kwezinkinga. 3rd ed. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 14.

UWinell JJ, Davidson RS. Unyawo nezinzwani. Ku: Kliegman RM, Stanton BF, St Geme JW, Schor NF, ama-eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhla ka-20. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 674.