Ivius enkulu yokuzalwa

I-nevus enemibala noma i-melanocytic nevus iyisiqeshana sesikhumba esinombala omnyama, ovame ukuba noboya. Itholakala lapho kuzalwa noma ivela onyakeni wokuqala wokuphila.

I-neus enkulu yokuzalwa incane ezinganeni nasezinganeni, kepha imvamisa iyaqhubeka nokukhula njengoba ingane ikhula. I-nevus enkulu enemibala iba nkulu kunamasentimitha angu-15 (amasentimitha angama-40) uma iyeka ukukhula.

Lezi zimaki kucatshangwa ukuthi zidalwa yizinkinga ezinama-melanocyte angasabalali ngokulingana njengoba ingane ikhula esibelethweni. Ama-Melanocyte amangqamuzana esikhumba akhiqiza i-melanin, enikeza isikhumba umbala wawo. I-nevus inenani elikhulu kakhulu lama-melanocyte.

Isimo kucatshangwa ukuthi sidalwa ukukhubazeka kwezakhi zofuzo.

Isimo singenzeka nge:

• Ukukhula kwamaseli wezicubu ezinamafutha
• I-Neurofibromatosis (isifo esizuzwe njengefa esihilela ushintsho kumbala wesikhumba nezinye izimpawu)
• Enye i-nevi (moles)
• I-Spina bifida (ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa emgogodleni)
• Ukubandakanywa kolwelwesi lobuchopho nomgogodla lapho i-nevus ithinta indawo enkulu kakhulu

I-nevi encane yokuzalwa enemibala noma i-melanocytic nevi ijwayelekile ezinganeni futhi ayizibangeli izinkinga isikhathi esiningi. I-nevi enkulu noma enkulu ayivelakancane.

I-nevus izovela njengesiqeshana esinombala omnyama nganoma yikuphi okulandelayo:

• Umbala onsundu ngombala omnyama okwesibhakabhaka
• Izinwele
• Imingcele ejwayelekile noma engalingani
• Izindawo ezincane ezithintekile eduze kwe-nevus enkulu (mhlawumbe)
• Indawo ebushelelezi, engajwayelekile, noma efana nensumpa

I-Nevi ivame ukutholakala ezingxenyeni ezingenhla noma ezingezansi zomhlane noma esiswini. Futhi zingatholakala ku:

• Izikhali
• Imilenze
• Umlomo
• Ulwelwesi lwamafinyila
• Amasundu noma amathe

Kufanele zonke izimpawu zokuzalwa zibhekwe ngumhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo. I-biopsy yesikhumba ingadingeka ukuze kuhlolwe amangqamuzana omdlavuza.

I-MRI yobuchopho ingenziwa uma i-nevus ingaphezu komgogodla. I-nevi enkulu emgogodleni ingaxhunyaniswa nezinkinga zobuchopho.

Umhlinzeki wakho uzokala indawo yesikhumba esimnyama minyaka yonke futhi angathatha izithombe ukubheka ukuthi indawo iyakhula yini.

Uzodinga ukuba nezivivinyo ezijwayelekile zokubheka umdlavuza wesikhumba.

Ukuhlinzwa ukususa i-nevus kungenziwa ngezizathu zezimonyo noma uma umhlinzeki wakho ecabanga ukuthi kungaba ngumdlavuza wesikhumba. Ukuhlanganiswa kwesikhumba nakho kwenziwa lapho kudingeka. I-nevi enkulu ingadinga ukususwa ngezigaba eziningana.

Ama-Lasers kanye ne-dermabrasion (ukuwahlikihla) nawo angasetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ukubukeka. Lezi zindlela zokwelapha kungenzeka zingasusi lonke uphawu lokuzalwa, ngakho-ke kungaba nzima ukuthola umdlavuza wesikhumba (melanoma). Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nobuhle nobubi bokuhlinzwa kwakho.

Ukwelashwa kungasiza uma uphawu lokuzalwa lubangela izinkinga ezingokomzwelo ngenxa yokuthi lubukeka kanjani.

Umdlavuza wesikhumba ungavela kwabanye abantu abane-nevi enkulu noma enkulu. Ingcuphe yomdlavuza iphezulu kuma-nevi amakhulu ngosayizi. Kodwa-ke, akwaziwa ukuthi ukususa i-nevus kunciphisa leyo ngozi.

Ukuba nevius enkulu kungaholela ku:

• Ukudangala nezinye izinkinga ezingokomzwelo uma i-nevi ithinta ukubukeka
• Umdlavuza wesikhumba (i-melanoma)

Lesi simo sivame ukutholakala lapho kuzalwa. Khuluma nomhlinzeki wengane yakho uma ingane yakho inendawo enkulu enemibala noma kuphi esikhunjeni sayo.

Isizalo esikhulu se-pigmented nevus; Ivius enkulu enoboya; I-Gius pigmented nevus; Isiqu sokugeza; Isifo sokuzalwa somuntu melanocytic - enkulu

• I-nevus yokuzalwa esiswini

IHabif TP. I-Nevi ne-melanoma ebulalayo. Ku: Habif TP, ed. Ukwelashwa Kwemithi Yezokwelapha. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 22.

IHosler GA, iPatterson JW. Ama-Lentigines, i-nevi, nama-melanomas. Ku: Patterson JW, ed. I-Weedon's Skin Pathology. Umhla wesi-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 32.