I-Hypomelanosis ye-Ito

I-Hypomelanosis ye-Ito (HMI) ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa okungajwayelekile kakhulu okudala amabala angajwayelekile wesikhumba esinombala okhanyayo (o-hypopigmented) futhi kungahle kuhlotshaniswe nezinkinga zamehlo, zesistimu nezinkinga zamathambo.

Abahlinzeki bokunakekelwa kwempilo abazi imbangela ngqo ye-HMI, kodwa bakholelwa ukuthi kungabandakanya isimo sofuzo esibizwa ngokuthi i-mosaicism. Kuphindwe kabili emantombazaneni kunakwabafana.

Izimpawu zesikhumba zivame ukubonakala ngesikhathi ingane iba neminyaka emibili ubudala.

Ezinye izimpawu ziyakhula njengoba ingane ikhula, futhi zingafaka:

• Amehlo awele (strabismus)
• Izinkinga zokuzwa
• Izinwele zomzimba ezandisiwe (hirsutism)
• I-Scoliosis
• Ukuquleka
• Izikhumba ezingamabala, ezinamabala noma ezinamabala ezinesikhumba ezingalweni, emilenzeni naphakathi komzimba
• Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo, kufaka phakathi i-autism spectrum nokukhubazeka kokufunda
• Izinkinga zomlomo noma zamazinyo

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultraviolet light (Wood lamp) yezilonda zesikhumba kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.

Ukuhlolwa okungenziwa kufaka noma yikuphi okulandelayo:

• I-CT noma i-MRI scan yekhanda enganeni enesifo sokuwa kanye nezimpawu zesistimu yezinzwa
• I-X-ray yengane enezinkinga zamathambo
• I-EEG ukukala umsebenzi kagesi wobuchopho enganeni enesifo sokuwa
• Ukuhlolwa kofuzo

Akukho ukwelashwa kwezimagqabhagqabha zesikhumba. Izimonyo noma okokugqoka kungasetshenziswa ukumboza ama-patches. Ukuquleka, i-scoliosis, nezinye izinkinga ziphathwa njengoba kudingeka.

I-Outlook incike ohlotsheni nasekuqineni kwezimpawu ezikhulayo. Ezimweni eziningi, umbala wesikhumba ekugcineni uphendukela kokujwayelekile.

Izinkinga ezingabangelwa yi-HMI zifaka:

• Izinkinga zokungahambi kahle nezokuhamba ngenxa ye-scoliosis
• Ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo, okuhlobene nokubukeka komzimba
• Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo
• Ukulimala kokuquleka

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma ingane yakho inephethini engavamile yombala wesikhumba. Kodwa-ke, noma yimaphi amaphethini angajwayelekile kungenzeka abe nesinye isizathu kune-HMI.

I-incontinentia pigmenti achromians; I-HMI; Ito hypomelanosis

UJoyce JC. Izilonda ezine-hypopigmented. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhlaka 21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 672.

IPatterson JW. Ukuphazamiseka kombala. Ku: Patterson JW, ed. I-Weedon's Skin Pathology. Umhla wesi-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2016: isahluko 10.