Igciwane le-syncytial yokuphefumula (i-RSV)

Igciwane le-syncytial lokuphefumula (i-RSV) igciwane elivame kakhulu eliholela ezimpawu ezimnene, ezibandayo kubantu abadala nasezinganeni ezindala ezinempilo. Kungaba kubi kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane, ikakhulukazi lezo ezikumaqembu athile asengozini enkulu.

I-RSV yigciwane elivame kakhulu elidala ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu kanye nomoya wezinsana nasezinganeni ezisencane. Iningi lezinsana selibe nokutheleleka ngeminyaka engu-2. Ukuqubuka kwezifo ze-RSV kuvame ukuqala ekwindla kugijime kuze kube sentwasahlobo.

Ukutheleleka kungenzeka kubantu bayo yonke iminyaka. Leli gciwane lisakazeka ngamaconsi amancane angena emoyeni lapho umuntu ogulayo eshaya amakhala, ekhwehlela noma ethimula.

Ungabamba i-RSV uma:

• Umuntu one-RSV uthimula, akhwehlele, noma ashaye amakhala eduze kwakho.
• Uthinta, uqabule noma uxhawule umuntu onegciwane.
• Uthinta ikhala lakho, amehlo, noma umlomo ngemuva kokuthinta okuthile okungcoliswe yigciwane, njengethoyizi noma induku yomnyango.

I-RSV ivame ukusabalala ngokushesha emakhaya agcwele abantu nasezikhungweni zokunakekela izingane. Leli gciwane lingaphila isigamu sehora noma ngaphezulu ezandleni. Leli gciwane lingaphila futhi kuze kuphele amahora ayisihlanu ematafuleni nasemahoreni amaningana ezicutshini ezisetshenzisiwe.

Lokhu okulandelayo kwandisa ubungozi be-RSV:

• Ukuya enkulisa
• Ukuba seduze kwentuthu kagwayi
• Ukuba nabafowenu noma odade asebekhulile esikoleni
• Ukuhlala ezimweni eziminyene

Izimpawu zingahluka futhi zehluke ngobudala:

• Imvamisa zivela ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kweziyisishiyagalombili ngemuva kokuthintana naleli gciwane.
• Izingane ezindala zivame ukuba nezimpawu ezimnene, ezibandayo, njengokukhwehlela okukhonkothayo, ikhala eligcwele, noma umkhuhlane osezingeni eliphansi.

Izinsana ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-1 zingaba nezimpawu ezinzima kakhulu futhi zivame ukuba nenkinga yokuphefumula:

• Umbala wesikhumba we-Bluish ngenxa yokushoda komoya-mpilo (i-cyanosis) ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula noma ukuphefumula kanzima
• Ukuqhuma kwamakhala
• Ukuphefumula okusheshayo (tachypnea)
• Ukuphelelwa umoya
• Umsindo oshaywayo (ukushayana)

Izibhedlela nemitholampilo eminingi ingahlola i-RSV ngokushesha isebenzisa isampula loketshezi oluthathwe ekhaleni nge-swab kakotini.

Ama-antibiotic kanye nama-bronchodilator awasetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-RSV.

Ukutheleleka okuncane kuyaphela ngaphandle kokwelashwa.

Izinsana nezingane ezinesifo esibi se-RSV zingangeniswa esibhedlela. Ukwelashwa kuzobandakanya:

• I-oxygen eyengeziwe
• Umoya (umswakama) umoya
• Ukudonsa uketshezi lwamakhala
• Uketshezi ngomthambo (ngu-IV)

Kungadingeka umshini wokuphefumula.

Isifo esibi kakhulu se-RSV singenzeka kulezi zingane ezilandelayo:

• Izinsana ngaphambi kwesikhathi
• Izinsana ezinezifo ezingalapheki zamaphaphu
• Izinsana amasosha omzimba angasebenzi kahle
• Izinsana ezinezinhlobo ezithile zesifo senhliziyo

Imvamisa, ukutheleleka nge-RSV kungadala ukufa ezinganeni. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akunakwenzeka uma ingane ibonwa ngumhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ezinyathelweni zokuqala zesifo.

Izingane ezine-RSV bronchiolitis zingase zibe nethuba lokuthuthukisa i-asthma.

Ezinganeni ezincane, i-RSV ingadala:

• I-bronchiolitis
• Ukwehluleka kwamaphaphu
• Inyumoniya

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho ngokushesha uma une:

• Kunzima ukuphefumula
• Umkhuhlane omkhulu
• Ukuphelelwa umoya
• Umbala wesikhumba o-Bluish

Noma yiziphi izinkinga zokuphefumula enganeni ziyisimo esiphuthumayo. Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Ukusiza ukuvikela ukutheleleka nge-RSV, geza izandla zakho njalo, ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kokuthinta ingane yakho. Qiniseka ukuthi abanye abantu, ikakhulukazi abanakekeli, bathatha izinyathelo zokugwema ukunikeza i-RSV enganeni yakho.

Izinyathelo ezilula ezilandelayo zingasiza ukuvikela ingane yakho ekuguleni:

• Phikelela ukuthi abanye bageze izandla ngamanzi afudumele nensipho ngaphambi kokuthinta ingane yakho.
• Yenza abanye bagweme ukuxhumana nengane uma benomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane. Uma kunesidingo, zenze zigqoke imaski.
• Yazi ukuthi ukuqabula ingane kungasabalalisa ukutheleleka nge-RSV.
• Zama ukugcina izingane ezincane ziqhelelene nengane yakho. I-RSV ivame kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane futhi isakazeka kalula isuka enganeni iye komunye.
• Ungabhemi ngaphakathi kwendlu yakho, imoto, noma yikuphi eduze kwengane yakho. Ukuvezwa intuthu kagwayi kwandisa ingozi yokugula kwe-RSV.

Abazali bezinsana ezisengozini enkulu kufanele bagweme izixuku ngesikhathi sokuqubuka kwe-RSV. Ukuqhamuka okuphakathi kuya kokukhulu kuvame ukubikwa yimithombo yezindaba yendawo ukunikeza abazali ithuba lokugwema ukuvezwa.

Umuthi i-Synagis (palivizumab) uvunyelwe ukuvimbela isifo se-RSV ezinganeni ezingaphansi kwezinyanga ezingama-24 ezisengozini enkulu yesifo esibi se-RSV. Buza umhlinzeki wakho ukuthi ngabe ingane yakho kufanele ithole lo muthi.

RSV; I-Palivizumab; Igciwane lokuphefumula le-immune globulin; I-bronchiolitis - i-RSV; I-URI - RSV; Ukugula okuphezulu okuphefumulayo - i-RSV; I-bronchiolitis - i-RSV

• I-bronchiolitis - ukukhipha

• I-bronchiolitis

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USmith DK, uSeales S, uBudzik C. Ukuphefumula kwe-syncytial virus bronchiolitis ezinganeni. Ngingudokotela Womndeni. 2017; 95 (2): 94-99. I-PMID: 28084708 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28084708/.

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