Imithi yokwenyama kanye nokuvuselelwa

Imithi yokwenyama kanye nokuvuselelwa kuyisipesheli sezokwelapha esisiza abantu ukuthi baphinde bathole imisebenzi yomzimba abayilahlekile ngenxa yezimo zezokwelapha noma ukulimala. Leli gama livame ukusetshenziselwa ukuchaza lonke iqembu lezokwelapha, hhayi odokotela kuphela.

Ukuvuselelwa kungasiza imisebenzi eminingi yomzimba, kufaka phakathi izinkinga zamathumbu nesinye, ukuhlafuna nokugwinya, izinkinga zokucabanga noma ukucabanga, ukunyakaza noma ukuhamba, inkulumo nolimi.

Ukulimala okuningi noma izimo zezokwelapha kungathinta amandla akho okusebenza, kufaka phakathi:

• Ukuphazamiseka kobuchopho, njenge-stroke, i-multiple sclerosis, noma i-cerebral palsy
• Ubuhlungu besikhathi eside (obungapheli), kufaka phakathi ubuhlungu bangemuva nentamo
• Ukuhlinzwa okukhulu kwamathambo noma kwamalunga, ukusha okukhulu, noma ukunqunywa isitho
• Isifo samathambo esibi siba sibi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• Ubuthakathaka obukhulu ngemuva kokululama ekuguleni okunzima (njengokutheleleka, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo noma ukwehluleka ukuphefumula)
• Ukulimala komgogodla noma ukulimala kwengqondo

Izingane zingadinga izinsizakalo zokuvuselela:

• I-Down syndrome noma ezinye izifo zofuzo
• Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo
• Imisipha dystrophy noma ezinye izifo ze-neuromuscular
• Isifo sokuncishwa kwemizwa, ukuphazamiseka kwesifo se-autism noma ukuphazamiseka kokuthuthuka
• Ukuphazamiseka kwenkulumo nezinkinga zolimi

Imithi yokwelapha kanye nezinsizakalo zokuvuselela kabusha zifaka nemithi yezemidlalo nokuvimbela ukulimala.

LAPHO KWENZIWA UKUVUSELELWA KWAKHO

Abantu bangakwazi ukuvuselelwa ezindaweni eziningi. Imvamisa kuzoqala ngenkathi besesibhedlela, belulame ekuguleni noma ekulimaleni. Kwesinye isikhathi kuqala ngaphambi kokuthi umuntu ahlele ukuhlinzwa.

Ngemuva kokuba umuntu ephume esibhedlela, ukwelashwa kungaqhubeka esikhungweni esikhethekile sokuhlunyeleliswa kweziguli. Umuntu angadluliselwa kulolu hlobo lwesikhungo uma enezinkinga ezinkulu zamathambo, ukusha, ukulimala komgogodla noma ukulimala kanzima ebuchosheni ngenxa yohlangothi noma ukuhlukumezeka.

Ukuvuselelwa kaningi kwenzeka nasendaweni yabahlengikazi abanamakhono noma esikhungweni sokuvuselela ngaphandle kwesibhedlela.

Abantu abaningi abalulamayo bagcina bebuyela emakhaya. Ukwelashwa bese kuqhubeka ehhovisi lomhlinzeki noma kwenye indawo. Ungavakashela ihhovisi likadokotela wakho wezokwelapha nabanye ochwepheshe bezempilo. Kwesinye isikhathi, umelaphi uzovakashela ekhaya. Amalungu omndeni noma abanye abanakekeli kumele nabo batholakale ukusiza.

YINI UKUVUSELELWA KWENZA

Inhloso yokwelashwa kokuvuselelwa ukufundisa abantu ukuthi bazinakekele kanjani ngangokunokwenzeka. Imvamisa kugxilwa emisebenzini yansuku zonke njengokudla, ukugeza, ukusebenzisa indlu yangasese nokusuka esihlalweni esinamasondo uye embhedeni.

Kwesinye isikhathi, umgomo uyinselele kakhulu, njengokubuyisela ukusebenza okugcwele engxenyeni eyodwa noma eziningi zomzimba.

Ochwepheshe bokuhlumelelisa izimilo basebenzisa izivivinyo eziningi ukuhlola izinkinga zomuntu nokuqapha ukululama kwakhe.

Uhlelo olugcwele lokuvuselela kanye nohlelo lokwelashwa kungadingeka ukusiza ngezinkinga zezokwelapha, zomzimba, zenhlalo, ezingokomzwelo nezomsebenzi, kufaka phakathi:

• Ukwelashwa kwezinkinga ezithile zezokwelapha
• Iseluleko mayelana nokusetha ikhaya labo ukukhulisa ukusebenza nokuphepha kwabo
• Siza ngezihlalo ezinamasondo, izingcezu nezinye izinto zokwelashwa
• Siza ngezinkinga zezimali nezenhlalo

Umndeni nabanakekeli nabo bangadinga usizo ukuzivumelanisa nesimo sothandekayo wabo nokwazi ukuthi bangazitholaphi izinsiza emphakathini.

IQEMBU LOKUQINISEKISA

Imithi yokwelapha nokuvuselela isimo seqembu. Amalungu eqembu odokotela, abanye ochwepheshe bezempilo, isiguli, nomndeni wabo noma abanakekeli.

Imithi yokwelapha kanye nokuhlumelelisa odokotela bathola uqeqesho lweminyaka eyi-4 noma ngaphezulu kulolu hlobo lokunakekelwa ngemuva kokuqeda isikole sobudokotela. Babizwa nangokuthi physiatrists.

Ezinye izinhlobo zodokotela ezingaba ngamalungu ethimba lokuhlumelelisa umzimba zifaka phakathi izazi zemizwa, odokotela abahlinzayo ngamathambo, odokotela bengqondo nodokotela bokunakekelwa okuyinhloko.

Abanye ochwepheshe bezempilo babandakanya abelaphi basemsebenzini, abelaphi bomzimba, abelaphi bokukhuluma nolimi, osonhlalakahle, abeluleki bezemisebenzi, abahlengikazi, izazi zokusebenza kwengqondo, kanye nezazi zokudla (izazi zokudla).

Ukuvuselelwa; Ukuvuselelwa ngokomzimba; Ukusebenza komzimba

UCifu DX, uhlelwe. I-Braddom's Physical Medicine kanye nokuvuselelwa. Umhlaka 5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016.

UFrontera, WR, iSiliva JK, uRizzo TD, uJr., Ama-eds. Okubalulekile Kwezomzimba kanye Nokuvuselelwa: Ukukhubazeka Kwemisipha, Ubuhlungu, Nokuvuselelwa. Umhla wesi-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019.