Isifo sokufa kwezinsana ngokuzumayo

Isifo sokufa kwezinsana okungazelelwe (SIDS) ukufa okungalindelekile, okungazelelwe kwengane engaphansi kweminyaka engu-1. Ukuhlolwa kwesidumbu akukhombisi imbangela yokufa echazekayo.

Imbangela yeSIDS ayikaziwa. Odokotela nabacwaningi abaningi manje bakholelwa ukuthi i-SIDS ibangelwa yizici eziningi, kufaka phakathi:

• Izinkinga ngekhono lomntwana lokuvuka (ukuvusa ukulala)
• Ukwehluleka komzimba wengane ukuthola i-carbon dioxide eyakhekile egazini

Izinga le-SIDS lehle kakhulu selokhu odokotela baqala ukuncoma ukuthi izingane zifakwe emhlane noma ezinhlangothini ukuze zilale ukunciphisa amathuba enkinga. Kodwa-ke, i-SIDS iseyimbangela enkulu yokufa kwezinsana ezingaphansi konyaka owodwa. Izinkulungwane zezingane zibulawa yi-SIDS e-United States unyaka ngamunye.

I-SIDS kungenzeka yenzeke phakathi kwezinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezine ubudala. I-SIDS ihlasela kakhulu abafana kunamantombazane. Ukufa okuningi kwe-SIDS kwenzeka ebusika.

Okulandelayo kungandisa ubungozi be-SIDS:

• Ukulala esiswini
• Ukuba eduze nentuthu kagwayi ngenkathi usesibelethweni noma ngemuva kokuzalwa
• Ukulala embhedeni owodwa nabazali babo (ukulala ndawonye)
• Imibhede ethambile embhedeni
• Izingane eziningi zokuzalwa (ukuba yiwele, i-triplet, njll.)
• Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi
• Ukuba nomfowenu noma udadewenu one-SIDS
• Omama ababhemayo noma abasebenzisa izidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni
• Ukuzalwa ngumama osemusha
• Isikhathi esifushane phakathi kokukhulelwa
• Ukunakekelwa ngaphambi kokubeletha ngemuva kwesikhathi noma cha
• Ukuphila ezimeni zobuphofu

Ngenkathi ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi izingane ezinalezi zici ezingenhla zingase zithinteke, umthelela noma ukubaluleka kwento ngayinye akuchazwa kahle noma akuqondakali.

Cishe konke ukufa kwe-SIDS kwenzeka ngaphandle kwesixwayiso noma izimpawu. Ukufa kwenzeka lapho usana kucatshangwa ukuthi lilele.

Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwesidumbu ayikwazi ukuqinisekisa imbangela yokufa. Kodwa-ke, imininingwane evela ku-autopsy ingangeza kulwazi jikelele nge-SIDS. Umthetho wombuso ungadinga ukuthi kuhlolwe isidumbu uma kwenzeka kufa umuntu engachazeki.

Abazali abalahlekelwe ingane ngenxa ye-SIDS badinga ukusekelwa ngokomzwelo. Abazali abaningi bahlushwa imizwa yecala. Uphenyo oludingwa ngumthetho ngembangela yokufa engachazeki lungenza le mizwa ibe buhlungu kakhulu.

Ilungu lesahluko sendawo seNational Foundation for Kungazelelwe Ukufa Kwezinsana Sifo lingasiza ngokululekwa nokuqinisekiswa kwabazali namalungu omndeni.

Ukwelulekwa ngomndeni kunganconywa ukusiza izingane zakini nawo wonke amalungu omndeni ukuthi abhekane nokulahlekelwa usana.

Uma ingane yakho inganyakazi noma ingaphefumuli, qala i-CPR bese ushayela u-911. Abazali nabanakekeli bazo zonke izinsana nezingane kufanele baqeqeshwe ku-CPR.

I-American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) incoma okulandelayo:

Njalo lalisa ingane ngomhlane. (Lokhu kufaka ukulala.) UNGALALISI ingane esiswini sayo. Futhi, ingane ingagingqa isisu ngasohlangothini lwayo, ngakho-ke lesi sikhundla kufanele sigwenywe.

Beka izingane endaweni eqinile (njengasesibhedeni) ukuze zilale. Ungalokothi uvumele ingane ukuba ilale embhedeni nezinye izingane noma abantu abadala, futhi UNGAYILALISI kwenye indawo, njengosofa.

Vumela izingane zilale egumbini elilodwa (HHAYI embhedeni ofanayo) njengabazali. Uma kungenzeka, imibhede yabantwana kufanele ifakwe ekamelweni labazali ukuvumela ukudla kwasebusuku.

Gwema izinto zokulala ezithambile. Izinsana kufanele zibekwe kumatilasi oqinile, oqinile wokulala ngaphandle kombhede oxegayo. Sebenzisa ishidi elikhanyayo ukumboza ingane. Ungasebenzisi imicamelo, ama-comforters, noma ama-quilts.

Qiniseka ukuthi izinga lokushisa ekamelweni alishisi kakhulu. Izinga lokushisa ekamelweni kufanele likhululeke kumuntu omdala ogqoke kancane. Ingane akufanele ishise lapho ithinta.

Nikeza ingane i-pacifier lapho izolala. Ama-pacifiers ngesikhathi sokulala nasesikhathini sokulala anganciphisa ubungozi be-SIDS. Ochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwezempilo bacabanga ukuthi i-pacifier ingavumela ukuthi indlela yomoya ivuleke kakhulu, noma ivimbele ingane ukuthi ingalali ubuthongo obukhulu. Uma ingane incelisa, kungcono ukulinda inyanga e-1 ngaphambi kokunikeza i-pacifier, ukuze ingaphazamisi ukuncelisa.

Ungasebenzisi izivikeli zokuphefumula noma imikhiqizo emakethwa njengezindlela zokunciphisa i-SIDS. Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi la madivayisi awasizi ukuvimbela i-SIDS.

Ezinye izincomo ezivela kochwepheshe be-SIDS:

• Gcina ingane yakho endaweni engenantuthu.
• Omama kufanele bagweme ukusetshenziswa kotshwala nezidakamizwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nangemva kokukhulelwa.
• Ncelisa ingane yakho ibele, uma kungenzeka. Ukuncelisa ibele kunciphisa ezinye izifo zokuphefumula ezingaphezulu ezingaba nomthelela ekwakhiweni kwe-SIDS.
• Ungalokothi unikeze uju enganeni engaphansi konyaka owodwa. Uju ezinganeni ezincane kakhulu lungadala i-botulism yezinsana, engahle ihlotshaniswe ne-SIDS.

Ukufa kwesibeletho; SIDS

IHauck FR, iCarlin RF, iNyanga yeRY, iHunt CE. Isifo sokufa kwezinsana ngokuzumayo. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhlaka 21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 402.

UMyerburg RJ, uGoldberger JJ. Ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo nokufa okungazelelwe kwenhliziyo. Ku: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, ama-eds. Isifo Senhliziyo SikaBraunwald: Incwadi Yemithi Yezinhliziyo Nemithambo. Umhla ka-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 42.

I-Task Force On Kungazelelwe Ukufa Kwezinsana; Inyanga RY, Darnall RA, Feldman-Winter L, Goodstein MH, Hauck FR. I-SIDS nokunye ukufa kwezinsana okuhlobene nokulala: Izincomo ezibuyekeziwe zango-2016 zemvelo yokulala kwezinsana ephephile. Izifo zezingane. 2016; 138 (5). pii: e20162938. I-PMID: 27940804 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27940804.