Ubuthi be-asphalt

I-Asphalt yinto enophethiloli emnyama e-brownish-black eqina lapho iphola. Ubuthi be-asphalt usimende benzeka lapho othile egwinya i-asphalt. Uma i-asphalt eshisayo ingena esikhumbeni, kungenzeka ukulimala okungathi sína.

Lo mbhalo ungowolwazi kuphela. UNGAYisebenzisi ukwelapha noma ukuphatha ukuvezwa kobuthi uqobo. Uma wena noma umuntu onaye unokuchayeka, shayela inombolo yakho ephuthumayo yasendaweni (njenge-911), noma isikhungo sendawo sakho sobuthi singafinyelelwa ngqo ngokushayela ucingo lwasimahla lwe-Poison Help hotline (1-800-222-1222) kusuka noma yikuphi e-United States.

Izinto ezise-asphalt ezingaba yingozi yilezi:

• Ama-hydrocarbon
• Izinhlaka zezimboni
• Izixazululo zezimboni
• Itha

I-Asphalt itholakala ku:

• Izinto zokwakha umgwaqo
• Izinto zokuphahla
• Isamente lothayela

I-Asphalt nayo ingasetshenziselwa ezinye izinhloso.

Ngezansi kunezimpawu zobuthi be-asphalt ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomzimba.

AMEHLO, IZINDLEBE, IKHALA NOMQOLO

• Ukulahleka kombono
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu emphinjeni
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu noma ukushisa emakhaleni, amehlo, izindlebe, izindebe, noma ulimi

INHLIZIYO NEGAZI

• Goqa
• Umfutho wegazi ophansi okhula ngokushesha (ukushaqeka)

AMALUNGE NEENDLELA ZENDLELA

• Ubunzima bokuphefumula (kusuka ekuphefumuleni nge-asphalt)
• Ukuvuvukala komqala (okungadala nobunzima bokuphefumula)

ISIKHUMBA

• Kushe
• Ukuthukuthela
• Imigodi (izilonda) esikhunjeni noma kwizicubu ezingaphansi kwesikhumba

ISisu kanye namathumbu

• Ukuvaleka emathunjini
• Igazi esitokisini
• Ukushisa kwepayipi lokudla (isopha)
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu
• Ukuhlanza (kungaqukatha igazi)

Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. UNGAMENZI umuntu alahle amanzi ngaphandle kokuthi ulawulwe ubuthi noma umnakekeli wezempilo ekutshela ukuthi wenze kanjalo.

Uma umuntu egwinya i-asphalt, mnike amanzi noma ubisi ngaso leso sikhathi, ngaphandle kwalapho umhlinzeki ekutshela ukuthi ungalethi. UNGANIKI lutho ukuphuza uma umuntu enezimpawu ezenza kube nzima ukugwinya. Lokhu kufaka hlanza, ukudlikizela, noma ukwehla kwezinga lokuqapha.

Lungisa lolu lwazi:

• Iminyaka yomuntu, isisindo, nesimo
• Igama lomkhiqizo (izithako, uma zaziwa)
• Isikhathi sigwinyiwe
• Inani ligwinyiwe

Isikhungo sakho sendawo esinoshevu singafinyelelwa ngqo ngokushayela inombolo yocingo yamahhala kazwelonke engakhokhelwa (1-800-222-1222) kusuka noma yikuphi e-United States. Le nombolo yocingo izokuvumela ukuthi ukhulume nezazi ekufakweni kobuthi. Bazokunikeza eminye imiyalelo.

Le yisevisi yamahhala futhi eyimfihlo. Zonke izikhungo zokulawula ubuthi e-United States zisebenzisa le nombolo kazwelonke. Kufanele ushaye uma unemibuzo mayelana nobuthi noma ukuvimbela ubuthi. Akudingeki ukuthi kube yisimo esiphuthumayo. Ungashayela nganoma yisiphi isizathu, amahora angama-24 ngosuku, izinsuku eziyi-7 ngeviki.

Umhlinzeki uzolinganisa futhi aqaphe izimpawu ezibalulekile zomuntu, kufaka phakathi izinga lokushisa, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, izinga lokuphefumula, nomfutho wegazi. Izimpawu zizolashwa.

Umuntu angathola:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo.
• Ukwesekwa kokuphefumula, kufaka phakathi ukunikeza umoya-mpilo ngepayipi ngomlomo ungene emaphashini, nomshini wokuphefumula (umshini wokuphefumula).
• I-Bronchoscopy - ikhamera ibeke phansi umphimbo ukubheka ukusha ezindleleni zomoya nasemaphashini.
• I-x-ray yesifuba.
• ECG (ukulandelela inhliziyo).
• I-Endoscopy - ikhamera ibeke phansi umphimbo ukubheka ukusha emqaleni nasesiswini.
• Uketshezi ngomthambo (ngo-IV).
• Imikhiqizo yokuqothula i-asphalt.
• Imithi yokwelapha izimpawu.
• Ukuhlinzwa ukususa isikhumba esishisiwe (ukususwa).
• Ukuwashwa kwesikhumba (ukuchelela). Lokhu kungadinga ukwenziwa njalo emahoreni ambalwa izinsuku ezimbalwa.

Ukuthi umuntu wenza kahle kangakanani kuncike ekutheni wagwinya i-asphalt engakanani nokuthi uluthola ngokushesha kangakanani ukwelashwa. Usizo lwezokwelapha olusheshayo lunikezwa, kuba ngcono ithuba lokululama. I-asphalt eshisayo iphola ngokushesha okukhulu futhi kunzima ukuphuma esikhunjeni. Ukusha okungathi sína kungenzeka kalula kusuka ekushiseni okukhulu. Abasebenzi bokwakha abasebenza nge-asphalt kufanele bagqoke izingubo zokuzivikela.

I-asphalt kunzima ukuyigwinya, kepha ingadala umonakalo omkhulu.

Ukulimala okulibazisekile kungenzeka, kufaka phakathi imbobo eyakheka emqaleni, esophagus, noma esiswini. Lokhu kungaholela kokopha kakhulu nokutheleleka. Izinqubo zokuhlinza zingadingeka ukwelapha lezi zinkinga.

Uma i-asphalt ingena esweni, izilonda zingakhula ku-cornea, ingxenye ecacile yeso. Lokhu kungadala ubumpumputhe.

I-Asphalt; I-Pavement

UTheobald JL, uKostic MA. Ubuthi. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhlaka 21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 77.

U-Wang GS, uBuchanan JA. Ama-hydrocarbon. Ku: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, ama-eds. Imithi Ephuthumayo yaseRosen: Imiqondo kanye Nokuzijwayeza Komtholampilo. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 152.