Ukukhanda izindebe nolwanga

Ukulungiswa kwezindebe kanye nolwenge olucashile ukuhlinzwa ukulungisa ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa kodebe nolwanga olungaphezulu (uphahla lomlomo).

Umlomo ocacayo ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa:

• I-cleft lip ingaba yinothi elincane nje endebeni. Kungabuye kube ukuhlukaniswa okuphelele odebeni okuya ngasisekelo sekhala.
• Ulwanga oluqondile lungaba kolunye noma zombili izinhlangothi zophahla lomlomo. Kungahamba ubude obugcwele belwanga.
• Ingane yakho ingaba neyodwa noma zombili zalezi zimo lapho izalwa.

Izikhathi eziningi, ukulungiswa kwezindebe kwenziwa lapho ingane inezinyanga ezi-3 kuya kwezi-6 ubudala.

Ukuze uhlinzwe ngomlomo, ingane yakho izoba ne-anesthesia ejwayelekile (ilele futhi ingabuzwa ubuhlungu). Udokotela ohlinzayo uzosika izicubu bese ehlanganisa udebe. Imithungo izoba mincane kakhulu ukuze isibazi sibe sincane ngangokunokwenzeka. Iningi lezithungo lizofakwa ezicutshini njengoba isibazi siphola, ngakho-ke ngeke kudingeke zisuswe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Izikhathi eziningi, ukulungiswa kwenkalakahla kwenziwa lapho ingane isikhulile, phakathi kwezinyanga eziyi-9 nonyaka owodwa ubudala. Lokhu kuvumela ulwanga ukuba luguquke lapho ingane ikhula. Ukulungisa lapho ingane ikule minyaka kuzosiza ukuvimbela ezinye izinkinga zokukhuluma njengoba ingane ikhula.

Lapho kulungiswa ulwanga, ingane yakho izoba ne-anesthesia ejwayelekile (ilele futhi ingabuzwa ubuhlungu). Izicubu ezivela ophahleni lomlomo zingahanjiswa ngaphezulu ukumboza ulwanga oluthambile. Kwesinye isikhathi ingane izodinga ukuhlinzwa okungaphezu kokukodwa ukuvala ulwanga.

Phakathi nalezi zinqubo, udokotela ohlinzayo angase futhi adinge ukulungisa ithiphu lekhala lengane yakho. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuthiwa yi-rhinoplasty.

Lolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa lwenzelwa ukulungisa ukukhubazeka ngokomzimba okubangelwe yindebe yomlomo noma ukhakhayi. Kubalulekile ukulungisa lezi zimo ngoba zingadala izinkinga ngobuhlengikazi, ukondla, noma ukukhuluma.

Izingozi ezivela kunoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa zifaka:

• Izinkinga zokuphefumula
• Ukusabela emithini
• Ukopha
• Ukutheleleka
• Isidingo sokuhlinzwa okuqhubekayo

Izinkinga lokhu kuhlinza okungadala ukuthi:

• Amathambo aphakathi kobuso kungenzeka angakhuli kahle.
• Ukuxhumana phakathi komlomo nekhala kungahle kungabi okujwayelekile.

Uzohlangana nomelaphi wezinkulumo noma owelapha ngokondla ngemuva nje kokuzalwa kwengane yakho. Umelaphi uzokusiza uthole indlela engcono yokondla ingane yakho ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Ingane yakho kufanele ikhuluphale futhi ibe nempilo ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo yengane yakho anga:

• Hlola igazi lengane yakho (yenza inani eliphelele legazi futhi "uthayiphe bese uwela" ukuhlola uhlobo lwegazi lengane yakho)
• Thatha umlando ophelele wezokwelapha wengane yakho
• Yenza ukuhlolwa okuphelele komzimba wengane yakho

Hlala utshela umhlinzeki wengane yakho:

• Imiphi imithi oyinikeza ingane yakho. Faka phakathi izidakamizwa, amakhambi, namavithamini owathengile ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela.

Phakathi nezinsuku ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa:

• Cishe ezinsukwini eziyi-10 ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, uzocelwa ukuthi uyeke ukunikeza ingane yakho i-aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), warfarin (Coumadin), kanye nanoma iziphi ezinye izidakamizwa ezenza kube nzima ngegazi lengane yakho ukuba lijiye.
• Buza ukuthi imiphi imishanguzo ingane okufanele isayiphuza ngosuku lokuhlinzwa.

Ngosuku lokuhlinzwa:

Izikhathi eziningi, ingane yakho ngeke ikwazi ukuphuza noma ukudla noma yini amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.

• Nikeza ingane yakho isiphuzo esincane samanzi nganoma imiphi imithi udokotela akutshele yona ukuthi uyinike ingane yakho.
• Uzotshelwa ukuthi uzofika nini ezohlinzwa.
• Umhlinzeki uzoqinisekisa ukuthi ingane yakho iphilile ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Uma ingane yakho igula, ukuhlinzwa kungaphuza ukubambezeleka.

Ingane yakho kungenzeka ibe sesibhedlela izinsuku ezi-5 kuya kwezi-7 ngemuva nje kokuhlinzwa. Ukutakula ngokuphelele kungathatha amasonto afinyelela kwangu-4.

Isilonda sokuhlinzwa kufanele sigcinwe sihlanzekile kakhulu njengoba siphola. Akufanele yelulwe noma ifakwe ingcindezi kuwo amasonto ama-3 kuye kwayi-4. Umhlengikazi wengane yakho kufanele akubonise ukuthi unakekelwa kanjani isilonda. Uzodinga ukuyihlanza ngensipho namanzi noma uketshezi olukhethekile lokuhlanza, futhi uligcine limanzi ngamafutha.

Kuze kube yilapho isilonda siphola, ingane yakho izobe isendleleni yokudla engamanzi. Ingane yakho kuzodingeka ukuthi ifake izikhonkwane zengalo noma izingcezu ukuvikela ukukha enxebeni. Kubalulekile ukuthi ingane yakho ingafaki izandla noma amathoyizi emlonyeni wayo.

Iningi lezingane liphulukisa ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Ukuthi ingane yakho izokubheka kanjani ukwelashwa kuvame kuncike ekutheni iphutha lalibucayi kangakanani. Ingane yakho ingadinga okunye ukuhlinzwa ukulungisa isibazi enxebeni lokuhlinzwa.

Ingane eyayilungiswe ulwanga ingadinga ukubona udokotela wamazinyo noma udokotela wamazinyo. Amazinyo angadinga ukulungiswa lapho engena.

Izinkinga zokuzwa zivamile ezinganeni ezinenkani yomlomo noma ulwanga oluqondile. Ingane yakho kufanele ihlolwe ukuhlolwa kokuzwa kusenesikhathi, futhi kufanele iphindwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ingane yakho ingaba nezinkinga ngenkulumo ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kudalwa yizinkinga zemisipha olimini. Ukwelashwa kwenkulumo kuzosiza ingane yakho.

Ukuqhekeka kwe-Orofacial; Ukulungiswa kokukhubazeka kokuzalwa kwe-Craniofacial; I-Cheiloplasty; Rhinoplasty Cleft; Palatoplasty; Ithiphu rhinoplasty

• Ukulungiswa kwezindebe nezindebe - ukukhipha

• Ukulungiswa kwezindebe zeCleft - uchungechunge

U-Allen GC. I-cleft lip nolwanga. Ku: Scholes MA, Ramakrishnan VR, eds. Izimfihlo ze-ENT. Umhla wesi-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 51.

UCostello BJ, uRuiz RL. Ukuphathwa okuphelele kwemifantu ebusweni. Ku: Fonseca RJ, ed. Ukuhlinzwa ngomlomo nangamaMaxillofacial. 3rd ed. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 28.

I-Wang TD, iMilczuk HA. I-cleft lip nolwanga. Ku: Flint PW, Haughey BH, Lund V, et al, ama-eds. I-Cummings Otolaryngology: Ukuhlinzwa Kwekhanda Nentamo. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: isahluko 187.