Ukufakelwa kwezinso

Ukufakelwa kwezinso ukuhlinzwa ukubeka izinso ezinempilo kumuntu onenkinga yokuhluleka kwezinso.

Ukufakelwa kwezinso kungenye yezinto ezivame ukufakelwa kabusha e-United States.

Kudingeka inso elilodwa elinikelwe ukufaka esikhundleni somsebenzi owenziwe ngaphambilini izinso zakho.

Izinso ezinikelwayo zingavela ku:

• Umnikeli ohlobene ophilayo - uhlobene nomuntu othola ukufakelwa, njengomzali, ingane yakini, noma ingane
• Ukuphila ngokunikela okungahlobene - njengomngane noma umlingani
• Umnikeli oshonile - umuntu osanda kushona futhi ongenaso isifo sezinso esingalapheki esaziwayo

Izinso ezinempilo zithuthwa ngesisombululo esikhethekile esigcina isitho amahora angama-48. Lokhu kunikeza abahlinzeki bokunakekelwa kwezempilo isikhathi sokwenza izivivinyo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi igazi nezicubu zomnikeli nomamukeli ziyafana.

INQUBO YOKUNIKELA NGOKWEZINYO KWEZINYO

Uma unikela ngenso, uzobekwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uzobe ulele futhi ungenazinhlungu. Odokotela abahlinzayo namuhla bangasebenzisa ukusikeka okuncane ngamasu we-laparoscopic ukususa izinso.

INQUBOMGOMO YOMUNTU OTHOLA ISIFO (RECIPIENT)

Abantu abathola ukufakelwa izinso banikezwa i-anesthesia ejwayelekile ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.

• Udokotela ohlinzayo usika esiswini esingezansi.
• Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo ubeka izinso ezintsha ngaphakathi kwesisu sakho esingezansi. Umthambo nomthambo wezinso ezintsha kuxhunywe emthanjeni nasemthanjeni okhalweni lwakho. Igazi lakho ligobhoza ngezinso ezintsha, ezenza umchamo ufane nezinso zakho lapho zazinempilo. Ishubhu elithwala umchamo (ureter) bese linamathiselwa esinyeni sakho.
• Izinso zakho zishiywa endaweni yazo ngaphandle kokuthi zidala inkinga yezokwelapha. Isilonda bese siyavalwa.

Ukuhlinzwa kokufakelwa izinso kuthatha cishe amahora amathathu. Abantu abanesifo sikashukela bangaphinda bafakelwe amanyikwe ngasikhathi sinye. Lokhu kungangeza amanye amahora ama-3 kokuhlinzwa.

Ungadinga ukufakelwa izinso uma unesifo sezinso sokugcina. Isizathu esivame kakhulu sesifo sezinso sokugcina e-U.S. Yisifo sikashukela. Noma kunjalo, kunezinye izimbangela eziningi.

Ukufakelwa kwezinso KUNGENZEKA uma une:

• Ukutheleleka okuthile, njenge-TB noma ukutheleleka kwamathambo
• Izinkinga zokuthatha imithi izikhathi eziningana usuku ngalunye impilo yakho yonke
• Isifo senhliziyo, samaphaphu noma sesibindi
• Ezinye izifo ezisongela impilo
• Umlando wakamuva womdlavuza
• Izifo, njenge-hepatitis
• Ukuziphatha kwamanje njengokubhema, ukusebenzisa kabi utshwala noma izidakamizwa, noma eminye imikhuba eyingozi yokuphila

Izingozi ezithile ezihlobene nale nqubo zifaka:

• Amahlule egazi (i-venous thrombosis ejulile)
• Isifo senhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi
• Ukutheleleka kwamanxeba
• Imiphumela emibi evela emithini esetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ukwenqatshwa kokufakelwa kabusha
• Ukulahlekelwa yinso etshalwe kabusha

Uzohlolwa yiqembu esikhungweni sokufakelwa kabusha. Bazofuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ungumuntu olungele ukhetho lokufakelwa izinso. Uzoba nokuvakashelwa okuningana esikhathini esingamasonto noma izinyanga ezimbalwa. Uzodinga ukuthi udonswe igazi kuthathwe nama-x-ray.

Ukuhlolwa okwenziwe ngaphambi kwenqubo kufaka:

• Izicubu nokuthayipha kwegazi ukusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umzimba wakho ngeke uzenqabe izinso ezinikelwayo
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi noma ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba ukuhlola izifo
• Ukuhlolwa kwenhliziyo njenge-EKG, i-echocardiogram, noma i-catheterization yenhliziyo
• Uvivinyo lokubheka umdlavuza wokuqala

Uzophinde uthande ukucubungula isikhungo esisodwa noma eziningi zokufakelwa ukuze unqume ukuthi yikuphi okulungele wena.

• Buza isikhungo ukuthi zingaki ukufakelwa abakwenzayo minyaka yonke nokuthi zithini amazinga abo okusinda. Qhathanisa lezi zinombolo nalezo zezinye izikhungo zokufakelwa.
• Buza ngamaqembu okusekela abanakho nokuthi luhlobo luni lwamalungiselelo ohambo nezindlu abalunikezayo.

Uma iqembu lokufakelwa likholelwa ukuthi ungumuntu ofanelekayo wokufakelwa izinso, uzofakwa ohlwini lokulinda lukazwelonke.

Indawo yakho ohlwini lokulinda isuselwa ezicini eziningi. Izici ezibalulekile zifaka uhlobo lwezinkinga zezinso onazo, ukuthi sinzima kangakanani isifo senhliziyo yakho, namathuba okuthi ukufakelwa kabusha kuphumelele.

Kubantu abadala, isikhathi osichitha ohlwini lokulinda asiyona into ebaluleke kakhulu noma eyinhloko ekutheni uzithola ngokushesha kangakanani izinso. Abantu abaningi abalinde ukufakelwa izinso bakwi-dialysis. Ngenkathi usalinde izinso:

• Landela noma yikuphi ukudla okunconywa yithimba lakho lokufakelwa.
• Ungaphuzi utshwala.
• Ungabhemi.
• Gcina isisindo sakho kubanga olunconyiwe. Landela noma yiluphi uhlelo lokuzivocavoca olunconyiwe.
• Thatha yonke imithi njengoba unikezwe yona. Bika noma yiluphi ushintsho emithini yakho nakunoma yiziphi izinkinga zezokwelapha ezintsha noma eziba zimbi eqenjini lokufakelwa kabusha.
• Iya kukho konke ukuvakashelwa okuvamile neqembu lakho elijwayelekile lodokotela nokufakelwa. Qiniseka ukuthi iqembu lokufakelwa linezinombolo zocingo ezifanele ukuze bakwazi ukuxhumana nawe ngokushesha uma izinso zitholakala. Qiniseka njalo ukuthi ungathintwa ngokushesha futhi kalula.
• Lungisa yonke into ngaphambi kwesikhathi ukuze uye esibhedlela.

Uma uthole izinso ezinikelwe, kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela izinsuku ezi-3 kuya kwezi-7. Uzodinga ukulandelelwa okuseduze ngudokotela nokuhlolwa kwegazi njalo izinyanga eziyi-1 kuya kwezi-2.

Isikhathi sokululama sinezinyanga eziyisithupha. Imvamisa, iqembu lakho lokufakelwa kabusha lizokucela ukuthi uhlale eduze nesibhedlela izinyanga ezintathu zokuqala. Uzodinga ukuhlolwa njalo ngokuhlolwa kwegazi nama-x-ray iminyaka eminingi.

Cishe wonke umuntu uzizwa ukuthi unekhwalithi engcono yempilo ngemuva kokufakelwa kabusha. Labo abathola izinso kumnikeli ohlobene nempilo benza kangcono kunalabo abathola izinso kumnikeli oshonile. Uma unikela ngenso, ungahlala ngokuphepha ngaphandle kwezinkinga ngenso lakho elilodwa elisele.

Abantu abathola izinso ezifakiwe bangasenqaba isitho esisha. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izivikeli mzimba zabo zibona izinso ezintsha njengezinto zakwamanye amazwe bese zizama ukuziqeda.

Ukuze kugwenywe ukwenqatshwa, cishe bonke abamukeli bokufakelwa izinso kumele bathathe imishanguzo ecindezela ukuphendula komzimba wabo impilo yabo yonke. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-immunosuppressive therapy. Yize ukwelashwa kusiza ukuvimbela ukwaliwa komzimba, kubeka neziguli engcupheni enkulu yokutheleleka kanye nomdlavuza. Uma uthatha lo muthi, udinga ukuhlolwa umdlavuza. Imithi futhi ingadala umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye ne-cholesterol ephezulu futhi kwenyuse ubungozi besifo sikashukela.

Ukufakelwa kwezinso okuphumelelayo kudinga ukulandelelwa okuseduze nodokotela wakho futhi kufanele njalo uthathe umuthi wakho njengoba uyalelwe.

Ukufakelwa kabusha kwe-renal; Ukufakelwa kabusha - izinso

• Ukususwa kwezinso - ukukhipha

• Ukwakheka kwezinso
• Izinso - ukugeleza kwegazi nomchamo
• Izinso
• Ukufakelwa kwezinso - uchungechunge

IBarlow AD, uNicholson ML. Ukuhlinzwa kokufakelwa kwezinso. Ku: Feehally J, Floege J, Tonelli M, Johnson RJ, abahleli. I-Nephrology Yomtholampilo Ephelele. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 103.

Becker Y, Witkowski P.Ukufakelwa kabusha kwezinso namanyikwe. Ku: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. ISabiston Incwadi Yokuhlinzwa. Umhla ka-20. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 26.

IGritsch HA, iBlumberg JM. Ukufakelwa kabusha kwezinso. Ku: Wein AJ, Kavoussi LR, Partin AW, Peters CA, ama-eds. ICampbell-Walsh Urology. Umhla ka-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 47.