Ukulahleka kwememori

Ukulahleka kwememori (amnesia) ukukhohlwa okungavamile. Ungahle ungakwazi ukukhumbula izehlakalo ezintsha, ukhumbule inkumbulo eyodwa noma eziningi zesikhathi esedlule, noma zombili.

Ukulahleka kwememori kungaba okwesikhashana bese kuxazululwa (okudlulayo). Noma, ingahle ingahambi, futhi, ngokuya ngesizathu, kungaba kubi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukukhubazeka kwememori okunjalo kungaphazamisa imisebenzi yokuphila yansuku zonke.

Ukuguga okujwayelekile kungadala ukukhohlwa okuthile. Kujwayelekile ukuba nenkinga yokufunda izinto ezintsha noma udinga isikhathi esithe xaxa sokukhumbula. Kepha ukuguga okujwayelekile akuholeli ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kwenkumbulo. Ukulahleka kwememori okunjalo kungenxa yezinye izifo.

Ukulahleka kwememori kungadalwa yizinto eziningi. Ukuthola imbangela, umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzobuza ukuthi ngabe inkinga ifike ngokuzumayo noma kancane.

Izindawo eziningi zobuchopho zikusiza ukuthi wakhe futhi ubuyise izinkumbulo. Inkinga kunoma yiziphi kulezi zindawo ingaholela ekulahlekelweni kwememori.

Ukulahleka kwememori kungavela ekulimaleni okusha ebuchosheni, okubangelwa noma okukhona ngemuva kwalokhu:

• Isigaxa sobuchopho
• Ukwelashwa komdlavuza, njengemisebe yobuchopho, ukufakelwa umnkantsha wethambo, noma ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali
• Ukudideka noma ukuhlukumezeka ekhanda
• Ayanele i-oxygen engena ebuchosheni lapho inhliziyo noma ukuphefumula kwakho kumiswe isikhathi eside kakhulu
• Ukutheleleka okukhulu kobuchopho noma ukutheleleka okuzungeze ubuchopho
• Ukuhlinzwa okukhulu noma ukugula okunzima, kufaka phakathi ukuhlinzwa kobuchopho
• I-amnesia yomhlaba wonke yesikhashana (ngokungazelelwe, ukulahleka kwesikhashana kwememori) yesizathu esingacacile
• Ukuhlaselwa kweschemic kwesikhashana (TIA) noma isifo sohlangothi
• IHydrocephalus (ukuqoqwa koketshezi ebuchosheni)
• I-Multiple sclerosis
• Ukuwohloka komqondo

Kwesinye isikhathi, ukulahleka kwememori kwenzeka ngezinkinga zempilo yengqondo, ezinjenge:

• Ngemuva komcimbi omkhulu, ohlukumezayo noma ocindezelayo
• Ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar
• Ukudangala noma ezinye izinkinga zempilo yengqondo, njenge-schizophrenia

Ukulahleka kwememori kungaba luphawu lokuwohloka komqondo. Ukuwohloka komqondo nakho kuthinta ukucabanga, ulimi, ukwahlulela nokuziphatha. Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zokuwohloka komqondo ezihambisana nokulahleka kwememori yilezi:

• Isifo i-Alzheimer
• Ukuwohloka komqondo komzimba kaLewy
• Ukuwohloka komqondo kwe-Fronto-temporal
• Ukukhubazeka okuqhubekayo kwe-supranuclear
• Ingcindezi ejwayelekile i-hydrocephalus
• Isifo seCreutzfeldt-Jakob (isifo sezinkomo ezihlanyayo)

Ezinye izimbangela zokulahleka kwememori zifaka:

• Utshwala noma ukusetshenziswa kwemithi kadokotela noma izidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni
• Ukutheleleka kobuchopho njengesifo seLyme, ugcunsula, noma i-HIV / AIDS
• Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwemithi, njenge-barbiturates noma (hypnotics)
• I-ECT (i-electroconvulsive therapy) (imvamisa ukulahleka kwememori yesikhashana)
• Isithuthwane esingalawulwa kahle
• Ukugula okuholela ekulahlekelweni, noma ekulimaleni kwezicubu zobuchopho noma amangqamuzana ezinzwa, njengesifo seParkinson, isifo seHuntington, noma i-multiple sclerosis
• Izinga eliphansi lezakhamzimba ezibalulekile noma amavithamini, njengevithamini B1 ephansi noma i-B12

Umuntu onokulahleka kwememori udinga ukwesekwa okuningi.

• Kuyasiza ukukhombisa umuntu izinto ajwayelekile, umculo, noma izithombe noma ukudlala umculo ojwayelekile.
• Bhala phansi ukuthi lowo muntu kufanele awuthathe nini umuthi noma enze eminye imisebenzi ebalulekile. Kubalulekile ukuyibhala phansi.
• Uma umuntu edinga usizo ngemisebenzi yansuku zonke, noma uma ukuphepha noma ukudla okunomsoco kuyinkinga, ungahle uthande ukubheka izindawo zokunakekelwa ezinwetshiwe, njengekhaya labahlengikazi.

Umhlinzeki uzokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba futhi abuze ngomlando nezimpawu zomuntu wezokwelapha. Lokhu kuvame ukufaka ukubuza imibuzo yamalungu omndeni nabangane. Ngalesi sizathu, kufanele beze lapho kuqokwa khona.

Imibuzo yomlando wezokwelapha ingafaka:

• Uhlobo lokulahleka kwememori, olufana nesikhathi esifushane noma isikhathi eside
• Iphethini yesikhathi, enjengokuthi ukulahleka kwememori kuhlale isikhathi esingakanani noma ukuthi kuyafika noma kuyadlula
• Izinto ezidale ukulahleka kwememori, njengokulimala ekhanda noma ukuhlinzwa

Ukuhlolwa okungenziwa kufaka phakathi:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwezifo ezithile ezisolwayo (njengevithamini B12 ephansi noma isifo segilo)
• I-Cerebral angiography
• Ukuhlolwa kwengqondo (ukuhlolwa kwe-neuropsychological / psychometric)
• I-CT scan noma i-MRI yekhanda
• I-EEG
• Ukubhoboza i-lumbar

Ukwelashwa kuya ngesizathu sokulahleka kwememori. Umhlinzeki wakho angakutshela okuningi.

Ukukhohlwa; I-Amnesia; Imemori engasebenzi kahle; Ukulahleka kwenkumbulo; Isifo se-amnestic; Ukuwohloka komqondo - ukulahleka kwememori; Ukukhubazeka okuphakathi kwengqondo - ukulahleka kwememori

• Isistimu yezinzwa emaphakathi nesistimu yezinzwa ezungezayo
• Ubuchopho

I-Kirshner HS, i-Ally B.Ingqondo nokukhubazeka kwememori. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ama-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley ekwenziweni kwemitholampilo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 7.

U-Oyebode F. Ukuphazanyiswa kwememori. Ku: Oyebode F, ed. Izimpawu zikaSims Emqondweni: Incwadi Yezincazelo Zengqondo. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 5.