Ukwenyuka kwesilinganiso sekhanda

Ukwanda komjikelezo wekhanda kulapho ibanga elilinganisiwe elizungeze ingxenye ebanzi kakhulu yogebhezi likhulu kunalokho obekulindelwe ngeminyaka nengqikithi yengane.

Ikhanda lomntwana osanda kuzalwa livame ukuba sikhulu ngo-2 cm kunesayizi yesifuba. Phakathi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha neminyaka emi-2, zombili izilinganiso zicishe zilingane. Ngemuva kweminyaka emi-2, usayizi wesifuba uba mkhulu kunekhanda.

Izilinganiso ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ezibonisa isilinganiso esikhuphukile sokukhula kwekhanda zivame ukuhlinzeka ngemininingwane ebaluleke kakhulu kunesilinganiso esisodwa esikhulu kunokulindelekile.

Ingcindezi eyandisiwe ngaphakathi kwekhanda (ukukhuphuka kwengcindezi yangaphakathi) kuvame ukwenzeka ngokujikeleza kwekhanda okwandisiwe. Izimpawu zalesi simo zifaka:

• Amehlo aya phansi
• Ukuthukuthela
• Ukuhlanza

Ukukhulisa usayizi wekhanda kungavela kunoma yikuphi okulandelayo:

• I-Benign macrocephaly yomndeni (ukuthambekela komndeni kubukhulu obukhulu bekhanda)
• Isifo seCanavan (isimo esithinta indlela umzimba ophuka ngayo futhi sisebenzise iprotheni ebizwa nge-aspartic acid)
• I-Hydrocephalus (ukwakheka koketshezi ngaphakathi kogebhezi okuholela ekuvuvukeni kobuchopho)
• Ukopha ngaphakathi kogebhezi
• Isifo lapho umzimba ungakwazi ukwehla amaketanga amade ama-molecule kashukela (Hurler noma iMorquio syndrome)

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uvame ukuthola usayizi wekhanda owandayo enganeni ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwengane kahle.

Ukuhlolwa komzimba ngokucophelela kuzokwenziwa. Kuzohlolwa ezinye izigaba zokukhula nentuthuko.

Kwezinye izimo, isilinganiso esisodwa sanele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona ukukhuphuka kosayizi okudingeka kuhlolwe ngokuqhubekayo. Kaningi, kudingeka izilinganiso eziphindaphindwayo zomjikelezo wekhanda ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umjikelezo wekhanda uyanda futhi inkinga iya ngokuya iba yimbi.

Ukuhlolwa kokuxilonga okunga-oda kufaka:

• Iskena sekhanda le-CT
• I-MRI yekhanda

Ukwelashwa kuya ngesizathu sokwanda kosayizi wekhanda. Isibonelo, i-hydrocephalus, ukuhlinzeka kungadingeka ukukhulula ukwanda ketshezi ngaphakathi kogebhezi.

Macrocephaly

• Ukhakhayi losana olusanda kuzalwa

IBamba V, Kelly A. Ukuhlolwa kokukhula. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhlaka 21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 27.

URobinson S, uCohen AR. Ukuphazamiseka kokuma kwekhanda nosayizi. Ku: Martin RJ, Fanaroff AA, Walsh MC, ama-eds. UFanaroff kanye neMithi kaMartin's Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine. Umhlaka 10. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: isahluko 64.