Amazinga emithi yokwelapha

Amazinga emithi yokwelapha izivivinyo zelebhu ukubheka inani lomuthi osegazini.

Kudingeka isampula yegazi. Isikhathi esiningi igazi likhishwa emthanjeni ongaphakathi endololwaneni noma ngemuva kwesandla.

Uzodinga ukulungiselela ezinye izivivinyo zezinga lezidakamizwa.

• Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokutshela uma udinga ukushintsha izikhathi oziphuzisa ngazo noma yimiphi imithi yakho.
• UNGAYIMISI noma ushintshe imithi yakho ngaphandle kokukhuluma nomhlinzeki wakho kuqala.

Ungase uzwe ubuhlungu obuncane noma isitinyela lapho kufakwa inaliti. Ungase futhi uzizwe ushaywa yisiza ngemuva kokukhishwa kwegazi.

Ngemithi eminingi, udinga izinga elithile lomuthi osegazini lakho ukuze uthole umphumela ofanele. Eminye imithi iyingozi uma izinga lenyuka kakhulu futhi lingasebenzi uma amazinga aphansi kakhulu.

Ukuqapha inani lomuthi otholakala egazini lakho kuvumela umhlinzeki wakho ukuthi aqiniseke ukuthi amazinga ezidakamizwa asebangeni elifanele.

Ukuhlolwa kwezinga lezidakamizwa kubalulekile kubantu abathatha izidakamizwa ezinjengalezi:

• I-Flecainide, i-procainamide noma i-digoxin, esetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile
• ILithium, isetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo
• I-Phenytoin noma i-valproic acid, esetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukuquleka
• I-Gentamicin noma i-amikacin, angama-antibiotic asetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo

Ukuhlola kungenziwa futhi ukuthola ukuthi umzimba wakho wehla kahle kangakanani kumuthi noma ukuthi uhlangana kanjani nezinye izidakamizwa ozidingayo.

Okulandelayo eminye yemithi evame ukubhekwa kanye namazinga okukhonjwa ajwayelekile:

• I-Acetaminophen: iyahlukahluka ngokusetshenziswa
• I-Amikacin: 15 kuya ku-25 mcg / mL (25.62 kuye ku-42.70 micromol / L)
• I-Amitriptyline: 120 kuya ku-150 ng / mL (432.60 kuya ku-540.75 nmol / L)
• ICarbamazepine: 5 kuya ku-12 mcg / mL (21.16 kuye ku-50.80 micromol / L)
• ICyclosporine: 100 kuya ku-400 ng / mL (83.20 kuya ku-332.80 nmol / L) (amahora ayi-12 ngemuva komthamo)
• I-Desipramine: 150 kuya ku-300 ng / mL (563.10 kuya ku-1126.20 nmol / L)
• I-Digoxin: 0.8 kuya ku-2.0 ng / mL (1.02 kuye ku-2.56 nanomol / L)
• I-Disopyramide: 2 kuya ku-5 mcg / mL (5.89 kuye ku-14.73 micromol / L)
• I-Ethosuximide: 40 kuya ku-100 mcg / mL (283.36 kuye ku-708.40 micromol / L)
• I-Flecainide: 0.2 kuya ku-1.0 mcg / mL (0.5 kuye ku-2.4 micromol / L)
• I-Gentamicin: 5 kuya ku-10 mcg / mL (10.45 kuya ku-20.90 micromol / L)
• Imipramine: 150 kuya ku-300 ng / mL (534.90 kuya ku-1069.80 nmol / L)
• I-Kanamycin: 20 kuya ku-25 mcg / mL (41.60 kuya ku-52.00 micromol / L)
• I-Lidocaine: 1.5 kuya ku-5.0 mcg / mL (6.40 kuye ku-21.34 micromol / L)
• I-lithium: 0.8 kuye ku-1.2 mEq / L (0.8 kuye ku-1.2 mmol / L)
• I-Methotrexate: iyahlukahluka ngokusetshenziswa
• I-Nortriptyline: 50 kuya ku-150 ng / mL (189.85 kuya ku-569.55 nmol / L)
• I-Phenobarbital: 10 kuya ku-30 ​​mcg / mL (43.10 kuye ku-129.30 micromol / L)
• I-Phenytoin: 10 kuya ku-20 mcg / mL (39.68 kuya ku-79.36 micromol / L)
• I-Primidone: 5 kuya ku-12 mcg / mL (22.91 kuye ku-54.98 micromol / L)
• I-Procainamide: 4 kuya ku-10 mcg / mL (17.00 kuye ku-42.50 micromol / L)
• I-Quinidine: 2 kuya ku-5 mcg / mL (6.16 kuya ku-15.41 micromol / L)
• I-Salicylate: iyahlukahluka ngokusetshenziswa
• I-Sirolimus: 4 kuya ku-20 ng / mL (4 kuye ku-22 nmol / L) (amahora ayi-12 ngemuva kethamo; kuyahluka ngokusetshenziswa)
• I-Tacrolimus: 5 kuya ku-15 ng / mL (4 kuye ku-25 nmol / L) (amahora angu-12 ngemuva komthamo)
• I-Theophylline: 10 kuya ku-20 mcg / mL (55.50 kuye ku-111.00 micromol / L)
• I-Tobramycin: 5 kuya ku-10 mcg / mL (10.69 kuye ku-21.39 micromol / L)
• I-Valproic acid: 50 kuya ku-100 mcg / mL (346.70 kuya ku-693.40 micromol / L)

Ububanzi bamanani ajwayelekile bungahluka kancane phakathi kwamalabhorethri ahlukene. Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho mayelana nencazelo yemiphumela yakho ethile yokuhlolwa.

Izibonelo ezingenhla zibonisa izilinganiso ezivamile zemiphumela yalezi zivivinyo. Amanye ama-laboratories asebenzisa izilinganiso ezahlukahlukene noma angahlola izinhlobo ezahlukene.

Amanani angaphandle kwebanga elihlosiwe angaba ngenxa yezinguquko ezincane noma abe uphawu lokuthi udinga ukulungisa imithamo yakho. Umhlinzeki wakho angakutshela ukuthi weqe umthamo uma amanani alinganisiwe aphezulu kakhulu.

Okulandelayo amazinga anobuthi eminye yemithi evame ukuhlolwa:

• I-Acetaminophen: enkulu kune-250 mcg / mL (1653.50 micromol / L)
• I-Amikacin: enkulu kune-25 mcg / mL (42.70 micromol / L)
• I-Amitriptyline: enkulu kune-500 ng / mL (1802.50 nmol / L)
• ICarbamazepine: enkulu kune-12 mcg / mL (50.80 micromol / L)
• ICyclosporine: enkulu kune-400 ng / mL (332.80 micromol / L)
• I-Desipramine: enkulu kune-500 ng / mL (1877.00 nmol / L)
• I-Digoxin: enkulu kune-2.4 ng / mL (3.07 nmol / L)
• IDisopyramide: enkulu kune-5 mcg / mL (14.73 micromol / L)
• I-Ethosuximide: enkulu kune-100 mcg / mL (708.40 micromol / L)
• I-Flecainide: enkulu kune-1.0 mcg / mL (2.4 micromol / L)
• I-Gentamicin: enkulu kune-12 mcg / mL (25.08 micromol / L)
• Imipramine: enkulu kune-500 ng / mL (1783.00 nmol / L)
• I-Kanamycin: enkulu kune-35 mcg / mL (72.80 micromol / L)
• I-Lidocaine: enkulu kune-5 mcg / mL (21.34 micromol / L)
• I-lithium: inkulu kune-2.0 mEq / L (2.00 millimol / L)
• I-Methotrexate: enkulu kune-10 mcmol / L (10,000 nmol / L) ngaphezulu kwamahora angama-24
• I-Nortriptyline: enkulu kune-500 ng / mL (1898.50 nmol / L)
• I-Phenobarbital: enkulu kune-40 mcg / mL (172.40 micromol / L)
• I-Phenytoin: enkulu kune-30 mcg / mL (119.04 micromol / L)
• I-Primidone: enkulu kune-15 mcg / mL (68.73 micromol / L)
• I-Procainamide: enkulu kune-16 mcg / mL (68.00 micromol / L)
• I-Quinidine: enkulu kune-10 mcg / mL (30.82 micromol / L)
• I-Salicylate: enkulu kune-300 mcg / mL (2172.00 micromol / L)
• I-Theophylline: enkulu kune-20 mcg / mL (111.00 micromol / L)
• I-Tobramycin: enkulu kune-12 mcg / mL (25.67 micromol / L)
• I-Valproic acid: enkulu kune-100 mcg / mL (693.40 micromol / L)

Ukuqapha izidakamizwa ezelaphayo

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi

UClarke W. Sibutsetelo sokuqapha izidakamizwa ezelaphayo. Ku: Clarke W, Dasgupta A, ama-eds. Izinselelo Zomtholampilo Ekuqapheleni Izidakamizwa Ezelaphayo. ICambridge, MA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 1.

I-Diasio RB. Izimiso zokwelashwa kwezidakamizwa. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-25. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 29.

UNelson LS, Ford MD. Ubuthi obunzima. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-25. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 110.

UPincus MR, uBluth MH, u-Abraham NZ. I-Toxicology kanye nokuqapha izidakamizwa ezelaphayo. Ku: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, abahleli. UHenry’s Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. Umhla ka-23. ISt Louis, MO: Elsevier; I-2017: isahluko 23.