Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-Osmolality

I-Osmolality isivivinyo esilinganisa ukugxila kwazo zonke izinhlayiya zamakhemikhali ezitholakala engxenyeni yegazi ewuketshezi.

I-Osmolality nayo ingalinganiswa ngokuhlolwa komchamo.

Kudingeka isampula yegazi.

Landela noma imiphi imiyalelo evela kumhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo mayelana nokungadli ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Umhlinzeki wakho angakutshela ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha imishanguzo okwesikhashana engaphazamisa imiphumela yokuhlolwa. Imithi enjalo ingafaka amaphilisi amanzi (isisu).

Lapho inaliti ifakwa ukudonsa igazi, abanye abantu bezwa ubuhlungu obulinganiselayo. Abanye bazizwa behlatshwa noma bezwa nje kuphela. Ngemuva kwalokho, kungahle kube nokushaywa okuthile noma ukulimazeka okuncane. Lokhu maduzane kuyaphela.

Lokhu kuhlolwa kusiza ukuhlola ibhalansi yamanzi omzimba wakho. Udokotela wakho angalawula lokhu kuhlolwa uma unezimpawu zokunye kwalokhu okulandelayo:

• I-sodium ephansi (i-hyponatremia) noma ukulahleka kwamanzi
• Ubuthi kusuka ezintweni eziyingozi njenge-ethanol, methanol, noma i-ethylene glycol
• Izinkinga zokukhiqiza umchamo

Kubantu abaphilile, lapho i-osmolality egazini iba phezulu, umzimba ukhipha i-antidiuretic hormone (ADH).

Le hormone ibangela izinso ukuthi ziphinde zisebenzise amanzi. Lokhu kubangela umchamo ogxile kakhulu. Amanzi abuyiselwe kabusha ahlanza igazi. Lokhu kuvumela i-osmolality yegazi ukuthi ibuyele kokujwayelekile.

I-osmolality yegazi ephansi icindezela i-ADH. Lokhu kunciphisa inani lezinso elibuyisela kabusha izinso. Hlanza umchamo ukuze ususe amanzi amaningi, okwandisa i-osmolality yegazi ibuyele kokujwayelekile.

Amanani ajwayelekile asukela ku-275 kuye ku-295 mOsm / kg (275 kuya ku-295 mmol / kg).

Ububanzi bamanani ajwayelekile bungahluka kancane phakathi kwamalabhorethri ahlukene. Amanye amalebhu asebenzisa izilinganiso ezahlukahlukene noma avivinye amasampula ahlukile. Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho mayelana nencazelo yemiphumela yakho ethile yokuhlolwa.

Izinga eliphakeme kunokujwayelekile lingahle libe ngenxa ye:

• Isifo sikashukela insipidus
• Izinga likashukela egazini eliphakeme (hyperglycemia)
• Izinga eliphakeme lemikhiqizo kadoti we-nitrogen egazini (uremia)
• Izinga eliphakeme le-sodium (hypernatremia)
• Ukushaywa unhlangothi noma ukuhlukunyezwa ekhanda okuholele ekwehleni kwe-ADH secretion
• Ukulahleka kwamanzi (ukoma)

Amazinga aphansi kunalawo ajwayelekile angabangelwa:

• Ukweqa ngokweqile kwe-ADH
• Indlala ye-Adrenal ayisebenzi ngokujwayelekile
• Izimo ezixhunywe kumdlavuza wamaphaphu (kubangela isifo sokukhiqizwa okungalungile kwe-ADH, noma i-SIADH)
• Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi noma uketshezi
• Izinga eliphansi le-sodium (hyponatremia)
• I-SIADH, isimo lapho umzimba wenza khona i-ADH eningi kakhulu
• Indlala yegilo engasebenzi kahle (hypothyroidism)

Kunengozi encane ethintekayo ekuthatheni igazi lakho. Imithambo nemithambo yegazi kuyahluka ngosayizi kusuka kwesiguli kuya kwesinye nokusuka kolunye uhlangothi lomzimba kuye kolunye. Ukuthatha igazi kwabanye abantu kungaba nzima kakhulu ukwedlula kwabanye.

Ezinye izingozi ezihambisana nokudonswa igazi zincane kepha zingafaka:

• Ukopha ngokweqile
• Ukuquleka noma uzizwe unekhanda elincane
• Ukubhoboza okuningi ukuthola imithambo
• I-hematoma (ukuqoqwa kwegazi ngaphansi kwesikhumba)
• Ukutheleleka (ingozi encane noma kunini lapho isikhumba siphukile)

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi

I-Oh MS, i-Briefel G. Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwezinso, amanzi, ama-electrolyte, ne-acid-base balance. Ku: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, abahleli. UHenry’s Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. Umhla ka-23. ISt Louis, MO: Elsevier; I-2017: isahluko 14.

I-Verbalis JG. Ukuphazamiseka kokulinganisela kwamanzi. Ku: Yu ASL, Chertow GM, Luyckx VA, Marsden PA, Skorecki K, Taal MW, ama-eds. IBrenner neRector's The Kidney. Umhla ka-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 15.