I-ultrasound yemithambo yegazi yenhliziyo

I-intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) isivivinyo sokuxilonga. Lokhu kuhlolwa kusebenzisa amaza omsindo ukubona ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi. Kuyasiza ekuhloleni imithambo yenhliziyo enikezela inhliziyo.

Induku encane ye-ultrasound inamathiselwe phezulu kweshubhu elincanyana. Le tube ibizwa ngokuthi i-catheter. I-catheter ifakwa emthanjeni endaweni yakho ye-groin futhi inyukele enhliziyweni. Ihlukile kwi-duplex ultrasound ejwayelekile. I-duplex ultrasound yenziwa ngaphandle komzimba wakho ngokubeka i-transducer esikhunjeni.

Ikhompyutha ilinganisa ukuthi amagagasi omsindo ayiveza kanjani imithambo yegazi, bese eguqula amaza omsindo abe yizithombe. I-IVUS inikeza umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuthi abheke imithambo yakho yenhliziyo evela ngaphakathi nangaphandle.

IVUS ivame ukwenziwa ngesikhathi senqubo. Izizathu zokuthi kungani kungenziwa zifaka:

• Ukuthola imininingwane ngenhliziyo noma ngemithambo yayo yegazi noma ukuthola ukuthi ngabe udinga ukuhlinzwa inhliziyo
• Ukwelapha ezinye izinhlobo zezimo zenhliziyo

I-Angiography ibheka ngokujwayelekile imithambo yegazi. Kodwa-ke, ayikwazi ukukhombisa izindonga zemithambo. Izithombe ze-IVUS zibonisa izindonga zomthambo futhi zingaveza ama-cholesterol namafutha (amapuleti). Ukwakheka kwalezi zimali kungandisa ubungozi bokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo.

IVUS isize abahlinzeki ukuthi baqonde ukuthi ama-stents avaleka kanjani. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-stent restenosis.

I-IVUS ivame ukwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-stent ibekwe kahle ngesikhathi se-angioplasty. Kungenziwa futhi ukunquma ukuthi i-stent kufanele ibekwe kuphi.

IVUS nayo ingasetshenziselwa uku:

• Buka i-aorta nokwakheka kwezindonga zomthambo, ezingakhombisa ukwakheka koqwembe
• Thola ukuthi yimuphi umthambo wegazi obandakanyeka ekuhlukanisweni kwe-aortic

Kukhona ingozi encane yezinkinga nge-angioplasty ne-catheterization yenhliziyo. Kodwa-ke, izivivinyo ziphephe kakhulu uma zenziwa iqembu elinolwazi. IVUS ingeza ingozi encane eyengeziwe.

Izingozi ze-anesthesia nokuhlinzwa ngokujwayelekile yilezi:

• Ukusabela emithini
• Izinkinga zokuphefumula
• Ukopha, amahlule egazi
• Ukutheleleka

Ezinye izingozi zifaka:

• Ukulimala kwe-valve yenhliziyo noma isitsha segazi
• Isifo senhliziyo
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (arrhythmia)
• Ukwehluleka kwezinso (ingozi enkulu kubantu asebenenkinga yezinso noma isifo sikashukela)
• I-Stroke (lokhu akuvamile)

Ngemuva kokuhlolwa, i-catheter isuswa ngokuphelele. Kubekwa ibhandishi endaweni. Uzocelwa ukuba ulale phansi emhlane wakho ngengcindezi endaweni yakho ye-groin amahora ambalwa ngemuva kokuhlolwa ukuvimbela ukuphuma kwegazi.

Uma i-IVUS yenziwe ngesikhathi:

• I-catheterization yenhliziyo: Uzohlala esibhedlela cishe amahora amathathu kuya kwayisithupha.
• I-Angioplasty: Uzohlala esibhedlela amahora angu-12 kuya kwangama-24.

I-IVUS ayengezi esikhathini okumele uhlale esibhedlela.

IVUS; I-Ultrasound - umthambo we-coronary; I-endovascular ultrasound; I-echocardiography yangaphakathi

• Imithambo yenhliziyo yangaphakathi
• Uhlelo lokuqhuba kwenhliziyo
• I-Coronary angiography

IHonda Y, iFitzgerald PJ, iYock PG. I-ultrasound yemithambo yegazi. Ku: Topol EJ, Teirstein PS, eds. Incwadi Yemibhalo Yezinhliziyo Eziphakathi. Umhlaka 8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 65.

U-Yammine H, uBallast JK, u-Arko FR. I-ultrasound yemithambo yegazi. Ku: Sidawy AN, Perler BA, ama-eds. Rutherford’s Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 30.