I-arch ephindwe kabili

I-aortic arch ephindwe kabili ukwakheka okungajwayelekile kwe-aorta, umthambo omkhulu othwala igazi lisuke enhliziyweni liye kuwo wonke umzimba. Kuyinkinga ezalwa nayo, okusho ukuthi ikhona lapho izalwa.

I-double aortic arch iyindlela ejwayelekile yeqembu leziphambeko ezithinta ukukhula kwe-aorta esibelethweni. Lokhu kukhubazeka kubangela ukwakheka okungajwayelekile okubizwa ngendandatho yemithambo (isiyingi semithambo yegazi).

Imvamisa, i-aorta ivela kwesinye sezicucu (zamakhothamo) agobile. Njengoba izingane zikhula esibelethweni, imengamo iyahlukana ibe izingxenye eziningana. Umzimba udiliza amanye ama-arches, kanti amanye akha imithambo. I-aorta evamise ukwakhiwa iyinkhothamo eyodwa eshiya inhliziyo ihambe iye kwesokunxele.

Ku-arch double aortic, amanye ama-arches obekufanele anyamalale asekhona lapho kuzalwa ngaphezu kwe-arch ejwayelekile. Izingane ezine-arch ephindwe kabili ye-aortic zine-aorta eyenziwe ngemikhumbi emibili esikhundleni sinye.Izingxenye ezimbili eziya ku-aorta zinemithambo yegazi emincane ephuma kuzo. Ngenxa yalokhu, la magatsha amabili ayahamba acindezele phansi ipayipi lomoya kanye neshubhu (umphimbo) elithwala ukudla lisuke emlonyeni liye esiswini.

I-arch ephindwe kabili ye-aortic ingenzeka kokunye ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo okuzalwa, kufaka phakathi:

• I-Tetralogy of Fallot
• I-Truncus arteriosus
• Ukushintshwa kwemithambo emikhulu
• Isici se-septal se-Ventricular

I-arch kabili ye-aortic ayivamile kakhulu. Amasongo e-Vascular akha amaphesenti amancane azo zonke izinkinga zenhliziyo ezelwe. Kulezi, okungaphezulu kwesigamu kubangelwa yi-arch ephindwe kabili. Isimo senzeka ngokulinganayo kwabesilisa nabesifazane. Kuvame ukubakhona kubantu abanezinkinga ezithile ze-chromosome.

Ngenxa yokuthi izimpawu ze-arch double aortic zihlala zimnene, inkinga kungenzeka ingatholakali kuze kube yilapho ingane ineminyaka embalwa ubudala.

I-arch ephindwe kabili ye-aortic ingacindezela ku-trachea naku-esophagus, okuholele enkingeni yokuphefumula nokugwinya. Ubukhulu bezimpawu buxhomeke ekutheni i-aortic arch icindezela kangakanani kulezi zakhiwo.

Izimpawu zokuphefumula zifaka:

• Umsindo ophakeme kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuphefumula (i-stridor)
• Ukuphefumula okunomsindo
• I-pneumonia ephindaphindiwe
• Ukuqhuma

Izimpawu zokugaya zingabandakanya:

• Ukuchofoza
• Kunzima ukudla nokugwinya
• Ukuhlanza

Izimpawu zingaholela umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuthi asole i-arch ephindwe kabili ye-aortic. Kuzobe sekudingeka ezinye izivivinyo ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.

Ukuhlolwa okulandelayo kungasiza ukuxilonga i-arch double aortic:

• I-x-ray yesifuba
• Izikrini ezakha izithombe ezihlukanisayo zomzimba (i-CT noma i-MRI scan)
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasound kwenhliziyo (i-echocardiography)
• I-X-ray isebenzisa into echaza i-esophagus (barium swallow)

Ukuhlinzwa kungenziwa ukulungisa i-arch kabili ye-aortic. Udokotela ohlinzayo ubophela igatsha elincane bese elihlukanisa negatsha elikhudlwana. Lapho-ke udokotela ohlinzayo uvala imikhawulo ye-aorta ngemithungo. Lokhu kwehlisa ingcindezi ku-esophagus naku-windpipe.

Iningi lezingane lizizwa lingcono ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, yize ezinye zingaqhubeka nokuba nezimpawu zokuphefumula isikhashana ngemuva kokulungiswa kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu ngenxa yobuthakathaka be-trachea ngenxa yengcindezi ekuyo ngaphambi kokulungiswa kokuhlinzwa.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, uma i-arch icindezela phansi kanzima endleleni yomoya, ingane ingaba nobunzima bokuphefumula obuholela ekufeni.

Izinkinga zingafaka:

• Ukwehluleka ukuchuma
• Izifo zokuphefumula
• Ukugqoka ulwelwesi lwe-esophagus (eophageal erosion) kanye ne-windpipe
• Akuvamile kakhulu, ukuxhumana okungavamile phakathi kwe-esophagus ne-aorta (i-aortoesophageal fistula)

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma usana lwakho lunezimpawu ze-arch ephindwe kabili ye-aortic.

Ayikho indlela eyaziwayo yokuvikela lesi simo.

I-aortic arch anomaly; Ukhothamo oluphindwe kabili; Ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo okuzalwa - i-arch ephindwe kabili; Inhliziyo enesici sokuzalwa - i-arch ephindwe kabili ye-aortic

• Indandatho ye-Vascular
• I-arch ephindwe kabili

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