Ingane yakho nomkhuhlane

Umkhuhlane isifo esibi. Leli gciwane lisakazeka kalula, futhi izingane zisengozini yokungenwa yilesi sifo. Ukwazi amaqiniso ngomkhuhlane, izimpawu zawo nokuthi uzogonywa nini konke kubalulekile ekulweni nokusabalala kwawo.

Lo mbhalo uhlanganiswe ukukusiza ukuvikela ingane yakho eneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-2 emkhuhlane. Lokhu akuyona indawo yezeluleko zezokwelapha ezivela kumhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Uma ucabanga ukuthi ingane yakho ingaba nomkhuhlane, shayela umhlinzeki wakho ngokushesha.

YINI IZIMPAWU EKUFANELE NGIZIQAPHELE ENGANE YAMI?

Umkhuhlane ukutheleleka kwamakhala, komphimbo, kanye (kwesinye isikhathi) namaphaphu. Ingane yakho encane enomkhuhlane imvamisa iba nomkhuhlane we-100 ° F (37.8 ° C) noma ngaphezulu futhi ibe nomphimbo obuhlungu noma ukukhwehlela. Ezinye izimpawu ongazibona:

• Ukugodola, imisipha ebuhlungu, nekhanda
• Iphunga eligijimayo
• Ukwenza sengathi ukhathele futhi udangele isikhathi esiningi
• Uhudo nokuhlanza

Lapho umkhuhlane wengane yakho wehla, eziningi zalezi zimpawu kufanele zibe ngcono.

NGIYIPHATHE KANJANI INDLELA YOKUPHILA KWENGANE YAMI?

UNGABOPHELI ingane ngezingubo zokulala noma izingubo ezengeziwe, noma ngabe ingane yakho ibanda. Lokhu kungagcina umkhuhlane wabo ungehli, noma ukwenze kube phezulu.

• Zama isendlalelo esisodwa sezingubo ezingasindi, nengubo eyodwa engasindi ukuze ulale.
• Igumbi kufanele likhululeke, lingashisi kakhulu noma lipholile kakhulu. Uma igumbi lishisa noma ligcwele, umlandeli angasiza.

I-Acetaminophen (Tylenol) ne-ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) zisiza ukushisa komkhuhlane ezinganeni. Kwesinye isikhathi, umhlinzeki wakho uzokutshela ukuthi usebenzise zombili izinhlobo zemithi.

• Yazi ukuthi ingane yakho inesisindo esingakanani, bese njalo hlola imiyalelo ephaketheni.
• Nikeza i-acetaminophen njalo emahoreni amane kuya kwayisithupha.
• Nikeza ibuprofen njalo emahoreni ayisithupha kuya kwayisishiyagalombili. Ungayisebenzisi ibuprofen ezinganeni ezingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala.
• Ungalokothi unikeze i-aspirin ezinganeni ngaphandle uma umhlinzeki wengane yakho ekutshela ukuthi uyisebenzise.

Umkhuhlane awudingi ukwehla uze uye kokujwayelekile. Iningi lezingane lizozizwa lingcono lapho izinga lokushisa lehla nge-1 degree.

• Ukugeza okufudumele noma ukugeza isiponji kungasiza ukupholisa umkhuhlane. Kusebenza kangcono uma ingane nayo inikezwa umuthi - ngaphandle kwalokho izinga lokushisa lingahle libuyele emuva.
• UNGAYisebenzisi indawo yokugeza ebandayo, iqhwa noma utshwala. Lokhu kuvame ukudala ukuthuthumela nokwenza izinto zibe zimbi kakhulu.

KWENZEKANI NGOKONDLA INGANE YAMI UMA IGULA NOMA IYAQHUBEKA?

Ingane yakho ingadla ukudla ngenkathi inemfiva, kodwa ungamphoqi ukuba adle. Khuthaza ingane yakho ukuthi iphuze uketshezi ukuvimbela ukoma.

Izingane ezinomkhuhlane zivame ukwenza kangcono ngokudla okungahambi kahle. Ukudla okungafuneki kwenziwa ngokudla okuthambile, hhayi okubabayo kakhulu, futhi okune-fiber encane. Ungazama:

• Izinkwa, ama-crackers, ne-pasta eyenziwe ngofulawa omhlophe ocwengileko.
• Izinhlamvu ezishisiwe ezishisiwe, njenge-oatmeal neCream of Wheat.
• Iziphuzo zezithelo ezihlanjululwa ngokuxuba uhhafu wamanzi nojusi wengxenye. Unganiki ingane yakho izithelo eziningi noma ijusi le-apula.
• Izithelo ezibandisiwe noma i-gelatin (i-Jell-O) ukukhetha okuhle, ikakhulukazi uma ingane ihlanza.

INGABE INGANE YAMI IZODINGA IZIMPILO NOMA EMINYE IMITHI?

Izingane ezineminyaka emibili kuya kwengu-4 ngaphandle kwezimo ezinobungozi obukhulu futhi ezinokugula okuncane kungenzeka zingadingi ukwelashwa ngama-antiviral. Izingane ezineminyaka engu-5 nangaphezulu ngokuvamile ngeke zinikezwe imishanguzo yokulwa namagciwane ngaphandle kokuthi zibe nesinye isimo esiyingozi kakhulu.

Uma kudingeka, le mithi isebenza kahle kakhulu uma iqala kungakapheli amahora angama-48 ngemuva kokuqala kwezimpawu, uma kungenzeka.

I-Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) yi-FDA evunyelwe ezinganeni ezincane ukwelashwa komkhuhlane. I-Oseltamivir iza njengephilisi noma oketshezi.

Imiphumela emibi evela kulo muthi ayivamile. Abahlinzeki nabazali kumele balinganisele ubungozi bemiphumela emibi engavamile kubhekane nobungozi bokuthi izingane zabo zingagula impela zize zife ngenxa yomkhuhlane.

Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho ngaphambi kokunikeza noma yimiphi imithi ebandayo ngaphandle kwamakhasimende enganeni yakho.

INGABE INGANE YAMI KUFANELE IBONE UDOKOTELA NOMA IHAMBE IGUMI LESIMO ESIPhuthumayo?

Khuluma nomhlinzeki wengane yakho noma uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo uma:

• Ingane yakho ayenzi ukuqapha noma ukunethezeka lapho umkhuhlane wayo wehla.
• Izimpawu zomkhuhlane nomkhuhlane zibuya emuva kokuba sezihambile.
• Azikho izinyembezi lapho bekhala.
• Ingane yakho inenkinga yokuphefumula.

INGABE INGANE YAMI KUFANELE IVOTSWE NGOKUPHATHELANA NEFLU?

Noma ngabe ingane yakho ibinokugula okufana nomkhuhlane, kusamele ithole umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane. Zonke izingane ezinezinyanga eziyisithupha noma ngaphezulu kufanele zithole umuthi wokugoma. Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-9 zizodinga umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane wesibili cishe emasontweni amane ngemuva kokuthola umuthi wokugoma okokuqala ngqa.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zomuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane. Enye inikezwa njengesibhamu, enye ifafazwe emakhaleni engane yakho.

• Umkhuhlane udutshulwe uqukethe amagciwane abulewe (angasebenzi). Akunakwenzeka ukuthola umkhuhlane kulolu hlobo lokugoma. Ukudutshulwa komkhuhlane kuvunyelwe abantu abaneminyaka engu-6 ubudala nangaphezulu.
• Umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane wezingulube osebenzisa impumulo usebenzisa igciwane eliphilayo, elibuthakathaka esikhundleni selifile njengomkhuhlane. Kuvunyelwe izingane ezinempilo ezingaphezu kweminyaka emibili. Akufanele isetshenziswe ezinganeni eziphindaphinde iziqubu, isifuba somoya, noma ezinye izifo zokuphefumula zesikhathi eside (ezingapheli).

YIMIPHI IMIPHUMELA YOKUXHUMANA NESIVAVINI?

Akunakwenzeka ukuthola umkhuhlane kumjovo wokujova noma wokudutshulwa. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bathola umkhuhlane osezingeni eliphansi usuku noma ezimbili ngemuva kokudutshulwa.

Iningi labantu alinayo imiphumela emibi evela ekudutshulweni komkhuhlane. Abanye abantu banobuhlungu esizeni sokujova noma amahlaba amancane kanye nomkhuhlane osezingeni eliphansi izinsuku ezimbalwa.

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile yomuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane wamakhala ibandakanya umkhuhlane, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ikhala eligijimayo, ukugabha, kanye nokuvunguzela okuthile. Yize lezi zimpawu zizwakala njengezimpawu zomkhuhlane, imiphumela emibi ayibi yisifo somkhuhlane esibi noma esisongela ukuphila.

INGABE IVACCINE INGANGilimaza INGANE YAMI?

Inani elincane le-mercury (elibizwa ngokuthi i-thimerosal) liyisilondolozi esivamile emithini yokugoma i-multidose. Naphezu kokukhathazeka, imithi yokugoma equkethe i-thimerosal ayiboniswanga ukuthi ibangela i-autism, i-ADHD, noma ezinye izinkinga zezokwelapha.

Uma unokukhathazeka nge-mercury, yonke imigomo ejwayelekile iyatholakala ngaphandle kwe-thimerosal eyengeziwe.

YINI ENGINGAYENZA UKUVIKELA INGANE YAMI EFLWINI?

Wonke umuntu oxhumana kakhulu nengane yakho kufanele alandele lezi zeluleko:

• Vala ikhala nomlomo wakho ngezicubu uma ukhwehlela noma uthimula. Phonsa izicubu ngemuva kokuyisebenzisa.
• Geza izandla kaningi ngensipho namanzi imizuzwana engu-15 kuya kwengu-20, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokukhwehlela noma ukuthimula. Ungasebenzisa futhi izihlanza ezenzelwe utshwala.
• Gqoka imaski yobuso uma ngabe ubenezimpawu zomkhuhlane, noma mhlawumbe, hlala kude nezingane.

Uma ingane yakho ingaphansi kweminyaka emihlanu futhi ixhumana kakhulu nomuntu onezimpawu zomkhuhlane, khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho.

Izikhungo Zokulawulwa Nokuvikelwa Kwezifo. Umkhuhlane (umkhuhlane): isizini ezayo yomkhuhlane ka-2019-2020. www.cdc.gov/flu/season/faq-flu-season-2019-2020.htm. Kubuyekezwe uJulayi 1, 2019. Kufinyelelwe ngoJulayi 26, 2019.

UGrohskopf LA, uSokolow LZ, uBroder KR, et al. Ukuvimbela nokulawulwa komkhuhlane wonyaka ngemithi yokugoma: izincomo zeKomidi Elilulekayo Lemikhuba Yokugoma - I-United States, inkathi yomkhuhlane ka-2018-19. Incoma i-MMWR Rep. I-2018; 67 (3): 1-20. I-PMID: 30141464 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30141464.

I-Havers FP, iCampbell AJP. Amagciwane omkhuhlane. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhlaka 21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 285.