Ukuhlolwa kwezempilo kwabesifazane abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu

Kufanele uvakashele umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ngezikhathi ezithile, noma ngabe uphilile. Inhloso yalokhu kuvakasha uku:

• Isikrini sezinkinga zezokwelapha
• Hlola ubungozi bakho ezinkingeni zezokwelapha zesikhathi esizayo
• Khuthaza indlela yokuphila enempilo
• Buyekeza imigomo
• Kukusiza ukuthi wazi umhlinzeki wakho uma kwenzeka ukugula

Noma uzizwa ukahle, kusamele ubone umhlinzeki wakho ukuze ahlolwe njalo. Lokhu kuvakasha kungakusiza ugweme izinkinga ngokuzayo. Isibonelo, okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuthola ukuthi une-high blood pressure yini ukuthi ihlolwe njalo. Ushukela wegazi ophakeme namazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol nawo kungenzeka angabi nazimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula kungabheka lezi zimo.

Kunezikhathi ezithile lapho kufanele ubone umhlinzeki wakho. Ngezansi imihlahlandlela yokuhlola yabesifazane abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu.

UKUGCINWA KWEGAZI

• Hlola umfutho wegazi lakho okungenani kanye ngonyaka. Uma inombolo ephezulu (i-systolic number) iphakathi kuka-120 no-139 noma inombolo engezansi (inombolo ye-diastolic) iphakathi kuka-80 no-89 mm Hg noma ngaphezulu, yihlole njalo ngonyaka.
• Uma inombolo ephezulu ingu-130 noma ngaphezulu noma inombolo engezansi ingama-80 noma ngaphezulu, hlela i-aphoyintimenti nomhlinzeki wakho ukuze ufunde ukuthi unganciphisa kanjani umfutho wegazi.
• Uma unesifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo, izinkinga zezinso, noma ezinye izimo ezithile, kungadingeka ukuthi uhlolwe umfutho wegazi lakho kaningi, kepha okungenani kanye ngonyaka.
• Buka ukuhlolwa kwegazi endaweni yakho. Buza umhlinzeki wakho ukuthi ungangena yini ukuze kuhlolwe umfutho wegazi.

UKUHLELWA KOMDLAVUZA WAMABELE

• Abesifazane bangenza ukuthi bazihlole amabele nyangazonke. Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe abavumelani ngezinzuzo zokuzivivinya amabele ekutholeni umdlavuza webele noma ekusindiseni izimpilo. Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho mayelana nokuthi yini ekufanele kakhulu.
• Umhlinzeki wakho angenza ukuhlolwa kwebele lomtholampilo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwakho kokuvikela. Ochwepheshe abavumelani ngenzuzo yokuhlolwa kwamabele.
• Abesifazane abaneminyaka yobudala engama-75 kufanele babe ne-mammogram njalo eminyakeni engu-1 kuya kwengu-2, kuya ngezici zabo eziyingozi, ukuhlola umdlavuza webele.
• Ochwepheshe abavumelani ngezinzuzo zokuba ne-mammogram yabesifazane abaneminyaka engama-75 nangaphezulu. Abanye abakukhuthazi ukuba nama-mammograms ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi. Abanye batusa i-mammography yabesifazane abanempilo enhle. Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho mayelana nokuthi yini ekufanele kakhulu.

UKUJOLWA KOMDLAVUZA WOMLOMO WESIBELEKO

• Ngemuva kweminyaka yobudala engama-65, iningi labesifazane abangakatholakali benomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho noma i-precancer bangayeka ukwenza iPap smears inqobo nje uma bebe nokuhlolwa okungalungile kathathu eminyakeni eyishumi edlule.

UKUVALWA KWE-CHOLESTEROL NOKUVIMBELA ISIFO SENHLIZIYO

• Uma izinga lakho le-cholesterol livamile, liphinde lihlolwe okungenani njalo eminyakeni emihlanu.
• Uma une-cholesterol ephezulu, isifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo, izinkinga zezinso, noma ezinye izimo ezithile, kungadingeka ukuthi uhlolwe kaningi.

UKUHLELWA KOMDLAVUZA WEKHOLARI

Kuze kube yiminyaka engama-75, kufanele ube uhlola umdlavuza obala njalo. Uma uneminyaka yobudala engama-76 noma ngaphezulu, kufanele ubuze udokotela wakho uma kufanele uthole ukuhlolwa. Ukuhlolwa okuningana kuyatholakala ekuhloleni umdlavuza obala:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi lokungcola kwegazi (okususelwa esitokisini) minyaka yonke
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-fecal immunochemical (FIT) minyaka yonke
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-stool DNA njalo eminyakeni emithathu
• I-sigmoidoscopy eguquguqukayo njalo eminyakeni engu-5
• I-enema ye-barium ehluke kabili njalo eminyakeni emihlanu
• I-CT colonography (i-colonoscopy ebonakalayo) njalo eminyakeni engu-5
• Colonoscopy njalo eminyakeni eyi-10

Ungadinga i-colonoscopy kaningi uma unezinto ezinobungozi zomdlavuza wekoloni, kufaka phakathi:

• I-ulcerative colitis
• Umlando womuntu siqu noma womndeni womdlavuza obala
• Umlando wokukhula okuthiwa ama-polyp adenomatous

ISIVIVINYO SAMazinyo

• Iya kudokotela wamazinyo kanye noma kabili ngonyaka ukuze uhlolwe futhi uhlanzwe. Udokotela wamazinyo uzohlola uma unesidingo sokuvakashelwa kaningi.

UKUKHULULEKA KAShukela

• Uma uneminyaka engama-65 noma ngaphezulu futhi unempilo enhle, kufanele uhlolwe isifo sikashukela njalo eminyakeni emithathu.
• Uma ukhuluphele kakhulu futhi unezinye izinto ezinobungozi besifo sikashukela, cela umhlinzeki wakho ukuthi ngabe kufanele ahlolwe kaningi.

ISIVIVINYO SESO

• Yenza ukuhlolwa kwamehlo njalo eminyakeni engu-1 kuya kwengu-2.
• Yenza ukuhlolwa kwamehlo okungenani njalo ngonyaka uma unesifo sikashukela.

ISIVIVINYO SOKUZWA

• Yenza izindlebe zakho zihlolwe uma unezimpawu zokulahlekelwa ukuzwa.

UKUGONYA

• Uma usungaphezu kweminyaka engama-65, thola imigomo ye-pneumococcal.
• Thola umkhuhlane njalo ngonyaka.
• Thola i-tetanus-diphtheria booster njalo eminyakeni eyi-10.
• Ungathola ukugonywa kwe-shingles noma i-herpes zoster lapho uneminyaka engama-50 noma ngaphezulu.

UKUKHULULELA ISIFO ESITHILE

• I-US Preventive Services Task Force incoma ukuhlolwa kwesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo C. Ngokuya ngempilo yakho nomlando wakho wezokwelapha, kungadingeka ukuthi uhlolwe izifo ezinjenge-syphilis, i-chlamydia, ne-HIV, kanye nezinye izifo.
  

UKUHLAWULWA KOMDLAVUZA WAMLUNGU

Kufanele ube nokuhlolwa minyaka yonke komdlavuza wamaphaphu nge-low-computed tomography (LDCT) yedosi uma:

• Uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-55 KANYE
  
• Unomlando wokubhema oneminyaka engama-30 KANYE
  
• Njengamanje uyabhema noma uyekile eminyakeni eyi-15 edlule
  

UKUQHAWULWA KWE-OSTEOPOROSIS

• Bonke abesifazane abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-64 kufanele bahlolelwe ukuminyana kwamathambo (i-DEXA scan).
  
• Buza umhlinzeki wakho ukuthi yikuphi ukuzivocavoca noma okunye ukungenelela okungasiza ekunqandeni i-osteoporosis.
  

ISIVIVINYO SOMZIMBA

• Yiba nokuhlolwa ngokomzimba minyaka yonke.
• Ngokuhlolwa ngakunye, umhlinzeki wakho uzohlola ubude bakho, isisindo, kanye nenkomba yomzimba wakho (BMI).
• Ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kokuxilongwa akunconywa ngaphandle kokuthi umhlinzeki wakho athole inkinga.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, umhlinzeki wakho uzobuza imibuzo mayelana:

• Imithi yakho kanye nobungozi bokuxhumana
• Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala nogwayi
• Ukudla nokuvivinya umzimba
• Ukuphepha, njengokusebenzisa ibhande lesihlalo
• Ukuthi uke wawa yini
  
• Ukucindezeleka

ISIVIVINYO SESIKhumba

• Umhlinzeki wakho angahlola isikhumba sakho ukuthola izimpawu zomdlavuza wesikhumba, ikakhulukazi uma usengozini enkulu.
• Abantu abasengozini enkulu bahlanganisa labo abake baba nomdlavuza wesikhumba phambilini, banezihlobo eziseduze ezinomdlavuza wesikhumba, noma abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka.

Ukuvakashelwa kokulondolozwa kwezempilo - abesifazane - abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65; Ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba - abesifazane - abangaphezu kweminyaka yobudala engama-65; Ukuhlolwa konyaka - abesifazane - abangaphezu kweminyaka yobudala engama-65; Ukuhlolwa - abesifazane - abangaphezu kweminyaka yobudala engama-65; Impilo yabesifazane - engaphezu kweminyaka engama-65; Ukuhlolwa kokuvikela ukunakekelwa - abesifazane - abangaphezu kweminyaka yobudala engama-65

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi lomlingo we-Fecal
• Imiphumela yobudala ekucindezelekeni kwegazi
• I-osteoporosis

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