Inhliziyo block

I-heart block iyinkinga kwizimpawu zikagesi ezisenhliziyweni.

Imvamisa, ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuqala endaweni esemagumbini aphezulu enhliziyo (atria). Le ndawo i-pacemaker yenhliziyo. Amasiginali kagesi ahambela amakamelo aphansi enhliziyo (ama-ventricles). Lokhu kugcina ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuzinzile futhi kujwayelekile.

Ukuvinjelwa kwenhliziyo kwenzeka lapho isignali kagesi yehliswa noma ingafinyeleli emakamelweni aphansi enhliziyo. Inhliziyo yakho ingashaya kancane, noma yeqe amabhithi. I-heart block ingaxazulula yodwa, noma ingahlala unomphela futhi idinga ukwelashwa.

Kuneziqu ezintathu zenhliziyo. Ibhlokhi yenhliziyo yokuqala yohlobo olumnene kunayo yonke kanti nelezinga lesithathu yilona elibi kakhulu.

Ibhlokhi yenhliziyo yokuqala:

• Akuvamile ukuba nezimpawu noma kubangele izinkinga

Ibhlokhi yenhliziyo yesibili-degree:

• Umfutho kagesi kungenzeka ungafinyeleli emakamelweni aphansi enhliziyo.
• Inhliziyo ingahle ilahlekelwe ukushaya noma ukushaya futhi ingahle ithathe kancane futhi ingajwayelekile.
• Ungazizwa unesiyezi, uquleke, noma unezinye izimpawu.
• Lokhu kungaba kubi kakhulu kwezinye izimo.

Ibhlokhi yenhliziyo esezingeni lesithathu:

• Isiginali kagesi ayihambeli emakamelweni aphansi enhliziyo. Kulokhu, amakamelo aphansi ashaya ngesivinini esincane, kanti amakamelo aphezulu nangaphansi awashayi ngokulandelana (ngokulandelana) njengoba enza ngokujwayelekile.
• Inhliziyo yehluleka ukupompa igazi elanele emzimbeni. Lokhu kungaholela ekuqulekeni nasekuphefumuleni okuncane.
• Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo esidinga usizo lwezokwelapha khona manjalo.

Ukuvinjelwa kwenhliziyo kungabangelwa:

• Imiphumela emibi yemithi. I-Heart block ingaba nomphumela oseceleni we-digitalis, i-beta-blockers, i-calcium channel blockers, neminye imithi.
• Isifo senhliziyo esilimaza uhlelo lukagesi enhliziyweni.
• Izifo zenhliziyo, njengesifo se-valve senhliziyo kanye ne-sarcoidosis yenhliziyo.
• Ezinye izifo, njengesifo seLyme.
• Ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo.

Ungahle ube nenhliziyo block ngoba uzalwe unayo. Usengozini enkulu yalokhu uma:

• Unenkinga yenhliziyo.
• Umama wakho unesifo sokuzilimaza, njenge-lupus.

Abanye abantu abajwayelekile, bazoba nebanga lokuqala le-degree ikakhulukazi ekuphumuleni noma lapho belele. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka kubantu abasha abanempilo.

Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo mayelana nezimpawu zakho. Izimpawu zingahluka ngebhulokhi yenhliziyo yokuqala, yesibili, neyesithathu.

Ungahle ungabi nazimpawu ze-block degree yenhliziyo yokuqala. Ungahle ungazi ukuthi unenhliziyo evimbayo ize ivele esivivinyweni esibizwa nge-electrocardiogram (ECG).

Uma une-block degree yenhliziyo yesibili noma yesithathu, izimpawu zingafaka:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba.
• Isiyezi.
• Ukuzizwa uphela amandla noma uqulekile.
• Ukukhathala.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo - ukushaya kwenhliziyo kulapho inhliziyo yakho izwa sengathi ishaya ngamandla, ishaya ngokungajwayelekile, noma igijima.

Umhlinzeki wakho uzokuthumela kudokotela wenhliziyo (i-cardiologist) ukuze ahlole noma aqhubeke nokuhlola ukuvinjelwa kwenhliziyo.

Udokotela wenhliziyo uzokhuluma nawe ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha nemithi oyiphuzayo. Udokotela wenhliziyo uzophinda:

• Yenza ukuhlolwa okuphelele komzimba. Umhlinzeki uzokuhlolela izimpawu zokwehluleka kwenhliziyo, njengamaqakala nezinyawo ezivuvukele.
• Yenza ukuhlolwa kwe-ECG ukuhlola izimpawu zikagesi ezisenhliziyweni yakho.
• Ungadinga ukugqoka isilawuli senhliziyo amahora angama-24 kuye kwangama-48 noma ngaphezulu ukuze uhlole amasiginali kagesi enhliziyweni yakho.

Ukwelashwa kwebhlokhi yenhliziyo kuya ngohlobo lwebhlokhi yenhliziyo onayo nembangela.

Uma ungenazo izimpawu ezimbi futhi unohlobo oluthambile lwebhlokhi yenhliziyo, kungadingeka ukuthi:

• Hlola njalo umhlinzeki wakho.
• Funda ukuthi ungayihlola kanjani i-pulse yakho.
• Qaphela izimpawu zakho futhi wazi ukuthi ungamshayela nini umhlinzeki wakho uma izimpawu zishintsha.

Uma unesibalo senhliziyo sesibili noma sesithathu, ungadinga i-pacemaker ukusiza inhliziyo yakho ishaye njalo.

• I-pacemaker incane kunepaki lamakhadi futhi ingaba ncane njengewashi lesandla. Ifakwa ngaphakathi kwesikhumba esifubeni sakho. Inika amasiginali kagesi ukwenza inhliziyo yakho ishaye ngesilinganiso nesigqi esijwayelekile.
• Uhlobo olusha lwe-pacemaker lincane kakhulu (cishe ngosayizi bamaphilisi ama-capsule amabili kuya kwamathathu)
• Kwesinye isikhathi, uma i-heart block kulindeleke ukuthi ixazululwe ngosuku noma ngaphezulu, kuzosetshenziswa i-pacemaker yesikhashana. Lolu hlobo lwedivayisi alufakwanga emzimbeni. Esikhundleni salokho ucingo lungafakwa ngomthambo bese luqondiswa enhliziyweni futhi luxhunywe kwi-pacemaker. I-pacemaker yesikhashana nayo ingasetshenziswa ezimeni eziphuthumayo ngaphambi kokufakwa kwe-pacemaker unomphela. Abantu abane-pacemaker yesikhashana baqashwa egumbini labagula kakhulu esibhedlela.
• Ukuvinjelwa kwenhliziyo okubangelwe yisifo senhliziyo noma ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo kungaphela njengoba ululama.
• Uma umuthi ubangela ukuvimba kwenhliziyo, ukushintsha imithi kungalungisa inkinga. UNGAYIMISI noma ushintshe indlela ophuza ngayo noma imuphi umuthi ngaphandle uma umhlinzeki wakho ekutshela ukuthi wenze kanjalo.

Ngokuqapha nokwelashwa okuvamile, kufanele ukwazi ukuhambisana nemisebenzi yakho ejwayelekile.

Ukuvinjelwa kwenhliziyo kungandisa ingozi yoku:

• Ezinye izinhlobo zezinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo (arrhythmias), ezinjenge-atrial fibrillation. Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho mayelana nezimpawu zamanye ama-arrhythmias.
• Isifo senhliziyo.

Uma une-pacemaker, ngeke ube seduze kwezindawo ezinamandla kazibuthe. Udinga ukwazisa abantu ukuthi une-pacemaker.

• UNGADLULE esiteshini esijwayelekile sokuphepha esikhumulweni sezindiza, enkantolo, noma kwenye indawo edinga ukuthi abantu badlule lapho kuhlolwe khona ezokuphepha. Tshela abasebenzi bezokuphepha ukuthi une-pacemaker bese ucela olunye uhlobo lokuhlolwa kokuphepha.
• Ungayitholi i-MRI ngaphandle kokutshela uchwepheshe we-MRI nge-pacemaker yakho.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma uzizwa:

• Enesiyezi
• Ebuthakathaka
• Ukuphela amandla
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okugijimayo
• Kweqiwe ukushaya kwenhliziyo
• Ubuhlungu besifuba

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma unezimpawu zokwehluleka kwenhliziyo:

• Ubuthakathaka
• Imilenze evuvukile, amaqakala, noma izinyawo
• Zizwe uphelelwa umoya

I-AV Block; I-Arrhythmia; Ibhlokhi yenhliziyo yokuqala; Ibhlokhi yenhliziyo yesibili; Uhlobo lweMobitz 1; Ibhulokhi likaWenckebach; Uhlobo lweMobitz II; Ibhlokhi yenhliziyo esezingeni lesithathu; I-Pacemaker - ibhulokhi yenhliziyo

Kusumoto FM, Schoenfeld MH, Barrett C, Edgerton JR, et al. Umhlahlandlela we-2018 ACC / AHA / HRS wokuhlola nokuphathwa kweziguli ezine-bradycardia nokubambezeleka kokuqhuba kwenhliziyo. Ukujikeleza. 2018: CIR0000000000000628. I-PMID: 30586772 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30586772.

Olgin JE, Zipes DP. I-Bradyarrhythmias kanye ne-atrioventricular block. Ku: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, ama-eds. Isifo Senhliziyo SikaBraunwald: Incwadi Yemithi Yezinhliziyo Nemithambo. Umhla ka-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 40.

I-Swerdlow CD, i-Wang PJ, i-Zipes DP. Ama-pacemaker kanye nama-cardioverter-defibrillator angafakwa. Ku: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, ama-eds. Isifo Senhliziyo SikaBraunwald: Incwadi Yemithi Yezinhliziyo Nemithambo. Umhla ka-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 41.