Ukuphefumula kokulala kwabantwana

Nge-apnea yokulala kwengane, ukuphefumula kwengane kuyama ngesikhathi sokulala ngoba indlela yomoya inciphile noma ingxenye ivinjiwe.

Ngesikhathi sokulala, yonke imisipha emzimbeni ikhululeka ngokwengeziwe. Lokhu kufaka imisipha esiza ukugcina umphimbo uvulekile ukuze umoya ungene emaphashini.

Imvamisa, umphimbo uhlala uvule ngokwanele ngesikhathi sokulala ukuze kudlule umoya. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izingane zinomphimbo omncane. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ngenxa yamathani amakhulu noma ama-adenoids, avimba kancane ukuhamba komoya. Lapho imisipha esemphinjeni wabo ongaphezulu ikhululeka ngesikhathi sokulala, izicubu ziyavaleka bese zivimba indlela yomoya. Lokhu kuphefumula kubizwa ngokuthi i-apnea.

Ezinye izinto ezingakhuphula ingozi yokuphefumula kokulala ezinganeni zifaka:

• Umhlathi omncane
• Izinhlobo ezithile zophahla lomlomo (ulwanga)
• Ulimi olukhulu, olungabuyela emuva futhi luvimbe umoya
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
• Ithoni engeyinhle yemisipha ngenxa yezimo ezifana ne-Down syndrome noma i-cerebral palsy

Ukuthimula okukhulu kuyisifo esibonisa ukuphefumula kokulala. Ukuhoxa kudalwa wukucindezela komoya ngendlela encane noma evinjiwe. Kodwa-ke, akuyona yonke ingane ebubulayo ene-apnea yokulala.

Izingane ezine-apnea yokulala nazo zinezimpawu ezilandelayo ebusuku:

• Ukuthula okude kuyaphumula ekuphefumuleni okulandelwa ukufuthelana, ukuklinya, nokuhefuzela umoya
• Ukuphefumula ikakhulukazi noma umlomo
• Ukulala okungenakuphumula
• Ukuvuka kaningi
• Ukulala
• Ukujuluka
• Ukumanzisa embhedeni

Ngesikhathi sasemini, izingane ezine-apnea yokulala zinga:

• Zizwe uzele noma uzele usuku lonke
• Yenza ngokudinwa, ukuphelelwa isineke, noma ukucasuka
• Unenkinga yokugxila esikoleni
• Yiba nokuziphatha okungaxakile

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzothatha umlando wezempilo wengane yakho futhi enze ukuhlolwa komzimba.

• Umhlinzeki uzohlola umlomo, intamo, nomphimbo wengane yakho.
• Ingane yakho ingabuzwa ngokulala kwasemini, ukuthi ilala kahle kangakanani, nemikhuba yokulala.

Ingane yakho inganikezwa isifundo sokulala ukuqinisekisa ukuphefumula kokulala.

Ukuhlinzwa ukukhipha amalaka nama-adenoids kuvame ukwelapha lesi simo ezinganeni.

Uma kudingeka, ukuhlinzwa nakho kungasetshenziselwa:

• Susa izicubu ezingeziwe ngemuva komphimbo
• Lungisa izinkinga ngezakhiwo ebusweni
• Dala imbobo ku-windpipe ukuze weqe umgwaqo ovaliwe uma kunezinkinga zomzimba

Kwesinye isikhathi, ukuhlinzwa akunconywa noma akusizi. Kuleso simo, ingane yakho ngisebenzisa idivaysi eqhubekayo ye-airway pressure (CPAP).

• Ingane ifaka isifihla-buso emakhaleni abo ngesikhathi sokulala.
• Isifihla-buso sixhunywe ngepayipi emshinini omncane ohlala eceleni kombhede.
• Umshini upompa umoya ngaphansi kwengcindezi nge-hose ne-mask futhi ungene ku-airway ngesikhathi sokulala. Lokhu kusiza ukugcina indlela yomoya ivulekile.

Kungathatha isikhathi ukujwayela ukulala usebenzisa ukwelashwa kwe-CPAP. Ukulandelwa okuhle nokusekelwa okuvela esikhungweni sokulala kungasiza ingane yakho ukuthi inqobe noma yiziphi izinkinga isebenzisa i-CPAP.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa zingafaka:

• Ukuhogela ama-steroid acinene.
• Idivayisi yamazinyo. Lokhu kufakwa emlonyeni ngesikhathi sokulala ukugcina umhlathi phambili nomoya uvulekile.
• Ukwehla kwesisindo, kwezingane ezikhuluphele ngokweqile.

Ezimweni eziningi, ukwelashwa kuzikhulula ngokuphelele izimpawu nezinkinga ezivela ekuphefumuleni kokulala.

Ukuphefumula kokulala kwezingane okungalashwa kungaholela ku:

• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu
• Izinkinga zenhliziyo noma zamaphaphu
• Ukukhula kancane nentuthuko

Shayela umhlinzeki uma:

• Uyazibona izimpawu zokuphefumula ubuthongo enganeni yakho
• Izimpawu azithuthuki ngokwelashwa, noma kuvela izimpawu ezintsha

I-apnea yokulala - yezingane; I-apnea - isifo sokulala nesifo sokulala kwabantwana; Ukuphefumula okungalali kahle - okwengane

• Ama-Adenoids

U-Amara AW, uMaddox MH. I-Epidemiology yemithi yokulala. Ku: Kryger M, Roth T, Dement WC, ama-eds. Izimiso Nokwenza Kwendlela Yokulala. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 62.

U-Ishman SL, uProsser JD. Ukuhlolwa nokuphathwa kwe-apnea yokulala yokuphazamiseka kwengane eqhubekayo. Ku: Friedman M, Jacobowitz O, ama-eds. Lala Umoya Wokulala Ne-Snoring. Okwesibili. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 69.

UMarcus CL, Brooks LJ, Draper KA, et al. Ukuxilongwa nokuphathwa kwesifo sokulala sokuphefumula kwengane. Izifo zezingane. 2012; 130 (3): e714-e755. I-PMID: 22926176 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22926176.