I-myelitis eguqukayo

I-transverse myelitis yisimo esidalwa ukuvuvukala komgogodla. Ngenxa yalokho, ukumbozwa (i-myelin sheath) okuzungeze amangqamuzana ezinzwa kulimele. Lokhu kuphazamisa amasiginali phakathi kwemizwa yomgogodla nomzimba wonke.

Ukuguquka kwe-myelitis kungadala ubuhlungu, ubuthakathaka bemisipha, ukukhubazeka, kanye nenkinga yesinye noma yamathumbu.

I-transverse myelitis yisifo esingajwayelekile sezinzwa. Ezimweni eziningi, imbangela ayaziwa. Kodwa-ke, izimo ezithile zingaholela ekuguqulweni kwe-myelitis:

• Ukutheleleka ngebhaktheriya, i-virus, i-parasitic, noma i-fungal, njenge-HIV, ugcunsula, i-varicella zoster (i-shingles), igciwane le-West Nile, igciwane le-Zika, i-enteroviruses nesifo se-Lyme
• Ukuphazamiseka kwesistimu yomzimba, njenge-multiple sclerosis (MS), iSjögren syndrome, ne-lupus
• Ezinye izifo zokuvuvukala, njenge-sarcoidosis, noma isifo sezicubu ezixhuma esibizwa nge-scleroderma
• Ukuphazamiseka kwemikhumbi yegazi okuthinta umgogodla

I-transverse myelitis ithinta abesilisa nabesifazane bayo yonke iminyaka nezinhlanga.

Izimpawu ze-transverse myelitis zingakhula kungakapheli amahora noma izinsuku ezimbalwa. Noma, bangakhula ngaphezu kwamaviki angu-1 kuye kwangu-4. Izimpawu zingashesha ukuqina.

Izimpawu zivame ukuvela noma ngaphansi kwendawo eyonakele yomgogodla. Zombili izinhlangothi zomzimba zivame ukuthinteka, kepha kwesinye isikhathi kuthinteka uhlangothi olulodwa kuphela.

Izimpawu zifaka:

Izinzwa ezingavamile:

• Ubudikadika
• Ukubhuqa
• Ukulinganisa
• Ukubanda
• Ukushisa
• Ukuzwela ukuthinta noma ukushisa

Izimpawu zamathumbu nesinye:

• Ukuqunjelwa
• Isidingo esivela njalo sokuchama
• Kunzima ukubamba umchamo
• Ukuvuza komchamo (ukungasebenzi)

Ubuhlungu:

• Cijile noma buthuntu
• Ingaqala emhlane wakho ophansi
• Ungadubula phansi izingalo nemilenze yakho noma usonge isiqu noma isifuba sakho

Ubuthakathaka bemisipha:

• Ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi
• Kunzima ukuhamba (ukukhubeka noma ukuhudula izinyawo zakho)
• Ukulahleka okuncane komsebenzi, okungakhula kube ukukhubazeka

Ukukhubazeka ngokocansi:

• Kunzima ukuba ne-orgasm (abesilisa nabesifazane)
• Ukungasebenzi kwe-Erectile emadodeni

Ezinye izimpawu zingafaka ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla, umkhuhlane, nezinkinga zokuphefumula. Ukudana nokukhathazeka kungenzeka ngenxa yokubhekana nobuhlungu obungapheli nokugula.

Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzothatha umlando wakho wezokwelapha abuze ngezimpawu zakho. Umhlinzeki uzophinde enze ukuhlolwa kwesistimu yezinzwa ukuze ahlole:

• Ubuthakathaka noma ukulahleka komsebenzi wemisipha, njengethoni yemisipha nezimo
• Izinga lobuhlungu
• Ukuzwa okungavamile

Ukuhlolwa kokuthola i-transverse myelitis nokunquma ezinye izimbangela kufaka:

• I-MRI yomgogodla ukuhlola ukuvuvukala noma ukungajwayelekile
• Thepha umgogodla (ukubhoboza i-lumbar)
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi

Ukwelashwa kwe-transverse myelitis kusiza uku:

• Phatha ukutheleleka okudale isimo
• Nciphisa ukuvuvukala komgogodla
• Nciphisa noma wehlise izimpawu

Unganikezwa:

• Imithi ye-steroid enikezwa ngomthambo (IV) ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala.
• Ukwelashwa kwe-Plasma exchange. Lokhu kuhilela ukukhipha ingxenye engamanzi yegazi lakho (i-plasma) bese uyifaka nge-plasma kumnikeli ophilile noma ngolunye uketshezi.
• Imithi yokucindezela amasosha akho omzimba.
• Imithi yokulawula ezinye izimpawu ezinjengobuhlungu, i-spasm, izinkinga ze-urinary, noma ukucindezeleka.

Umhlinzeki wakho angancoma:

• Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba ukusiza ukuthuthukisa amandla emisipha nokulinganisela, nokusetshenziswa kwezinsiza zokuhamba
• Ukwelashwa emsebenzini ukukusiza ufunde izindlela ezintsha zokwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke
• Ukwelulekwa ngokwengqondo ukukusiza ukuba ubhekane nezingcindezi nezinkinga ezingokomzwelo ezivela ekubeni ne-transverse myelitis

Unganciphisa ukucindezela kokugula ngokujoyina iqembu lokusekela. Ukwabelana nabanye abanokuhlangenwe nakho okuvamile nezinkinga kungakusiza ungazizwa uwedwa.

Umbono wabantu abane-transverse myelitis uyahluka. Ukululama okuningi kwenzeka ezinyangeni ezintathu ngemuva kokuvela kwesimo. Kwabanye, ukuphulukiswa kungathatha izinyanga kuya eminyakeni. Cishe ingxenye yesithathu yabantu abane-transverse myelitis ilulama ngokuphelele. Abanye abantu bayalulama ngokukhubazeka okulingene, njengezinkinga zamathumbu nenkinga yokuhamba. Abanye banokukhubazeka unomphela futhi badinga usizo ngemisebenzi yansuku zonke.

Labo abangahle babe nethuba elibi lokululama yilaba:

• Abantu abaqala ngokushesha izimpawu
• Abantu abanezimpawu ezingathuthuki phakathi kwezinyanga ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha zokuqala

I-transverse myelitis ivame ukwenzeka kanye kubantu abaningi. Kungaphindeka kwabanye abantu ngesizathu esiyimbangela, njenge-MS. Abantu ababandakanyeka ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela lomgogodla bangaba namathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa i-MS ngokuzayo.

Izinkinga eziqhubekayo zezempilo ezivela ku-transverse myelitis zingafaka:

• Ubuhlungu obuhlala njalo
• Ukulahlekelwa okuyingxenye noma okuphelele kokusebenza kwemisipha
• Ubuthakathaka
• Ukuqina kwemisipha nokuqina
• Izinkinga zocansi

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma:

• Uqaphela ubuhlungu obungazelelwe, obubukhali emhlane wakho obudonsela phansi izingalo noma imilenze yakho noma ukusonga isiqu sakho
• Uba nobuthakathaka obungazelelwe noma ukuba ndikindiki kwengalo noma komlenze
• Ulahlekelwe ukusebenza kwemisipha
• Unezinkinga zesinye (imvamisa noma ukungangeni) noma izinkinga zamathumbu (ukuqunjelwa)
• Izimpawu zakho ziba zimbi kakhulu, ngisho nangokwelashwa

TM; I-myelitis enamandla; I-myelitis yesibili eguqukayo; Idiopathic transverse myelitis

• I-Myelin nesakhiwo sezinzwa
• I-Vertebra nezinzwa zomgogodla

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IHemingway C. Ukuphazamiseka kokunciphisa uhlelo lwesistimu yezinzwa. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC noWilson KM, ama-eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhlaka 21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 618.

I-Lim PAC. I-myelitis eguqukayo. Ku: Frontera WR, iSilver JK, uRizzo TD Jr, ama-eds. Okubalulekile Kwemithi Yomzimba Nokuvuselelwa. Umhla wesi-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 162.

I-National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke iwebhusayithi. Ishidi leqiniso le-myelitis elidlulayo. www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver-Education/Fact-Sheets/Transverse-Myelitis-Fact-Sheet. Kubuyekezwe u-Agasti 13, 2019. Kufinyelelwe ngoJanuwari 06, 2020.