3 Ama-oda KaDokotela Okufanele Uwabuze

-Delile

• Buyekeza kwe-

Idokhumenti yakho ithi udinga ukuskena okuphelele, ukuhlolwa kwegazi, iShebang yonke. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuthi uvumelane, yazi lokhu: Odokotela benza imali eyengeziwe ngoku-oda izinqubo ezengeziwe zeziguli-hhayi ngokudlula ebona ezinye iziguli, kusho ucwaningo oluvela e-University of California Los Angeles (UCLA). (Uyazi ukuthi Udinga Kangaki Kangakanani Ukuyibona I-Doc?)

Silindele ukuthi ama-MD wethu asivikele ngazo zonke izindlela, kufaka phakathi imali, akunjalo? Ngeshwa, akunjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi: Okunye ukungenelela okubiza kakhulu, okungasekelwe ebufakazini kanye nokwelashwa kuvame uku-oda, kuqinisekisa uDavid Fleming, M.D., usihlalo wezokwelapha eNyuvesi yaseMissouri kanye nomongameli we-American College Of Physicians. Amanye amadokhumenti ayavuma: Cishe amakota amathathu odokotela avuma imvamisa yezivivinyo nezinqubo ezingadingekile ohlelweni lokunakekelwa kwezempilo kuyinkinga enkulu kakhulu, ngokusho kocwaningo lwango-2014 oluvela ku-American Board of Internal Medicine Foundation's Choosing Wisely Campaign-uhlelo olufuna ukukhomba ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile noma ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezivivinyo noma izinqubo.

Izindaba ezimnandi ukuthi iningi lama-docs ethu awazimisele ukusibhidliza-a-oda ezinye izivivinyo ukumboza izinqa zawo uma kwenzeka amasudi okungahambi kahle, kwahlolwa inhlolovo efanayo.

Ngakho-ke uyimboza kanjani eyakho? "Buza imibuzo," kusho uFleming. "Iziguli zivame ukungakhathali emibuzweni eziyibuza udokotela wazo ngoba azifuni ukubacasula, futhi bathemba ukuthi odokotela bazokwenza okulungile." Emuva uma kuziwa empilweni yakho, kufanele ubeke wena kuqala. Ngakho buyisela emuva kunoma yini ebonakala ingadingekile noma ongakachazelwa yona ngokugcwele, kodwa ikakhulukazi lawa maphuzu amathathu, uFleming athi ayiwona vivinyo oluvame uku-oda ngokweqile.

Chofoza lapha ukuze uthole izivivinyo ezintathu ezivame kakhulu namalebhu okufanele ubuze kuzo idokhumenti yakho.

Ukufanekisa

"Ngokomlando, odokotela basebenzise izithombe ngokweqile kakhulu," kusho uFleming. Ama-X-ray obuhlungu beqolo, ama-MRIs amadolo abuhlungu, ama-CT scan nganoma yiluphi uhlobo lwekhanda elibuhlungu-kodwa ubufakazi bokuthi izikena zizokuvikela emphumeleni omubi buyindlala kakhulu, uthi. Futhi izikena eziningi zizokubiza isenti elihle.

Ongakusho: "Ingabe lokhu kucabanga kuyadingeka ngempela? Ngikhathazekile ngezindleko." Ngemva kokucela ama-deets, xhumana naye ezingeni lomuntu, futhi ubonise ukuthi ukhathazekile ngezikweletu zezokwelapha ezihlala njalo. Odokotela abazi izindleko zokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha nezinqubo ngokuvamile bakhetha ukwenza okumbalwa kunalabo abangaqapheli ukuthi bangaphula ibhange lakho, kutholwe isifundo se-2013 Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.

Imiyalelo

"Ukuza kudokotela ngoba uyagula futhi uhambe ngaphandle kwemithi esandleni ngaphandle kokukuqonda ngokugcwele okwenzekayo kungakhathaza kakhulu," kusho uFleming. Eqinisweni, le ngcindezi idala ukuthi odokotela abaningi babhale imibhalo engadingekile, empeleni esebenza ngokumelene nathi. “Sikhipha inqwaba yemithi elwa namagciwane, futhi ngenxa yalokho sekunezinambuzane eziningi ezingazweli okufanele selaphe manje,” kuchaza uFleming. Lokho kusho ukuthi ama-antibiotic amasha adingeka njalo, futhi kuba nzima ngoba izimbungulu ziya ngokuya zimelana.

Esinye isizathu sokuthi amadokhumenti abeke ngokweqile? Uma kwenzeka: "Iziguli zingena nokungenzeka noma okungenzeki kube ukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya. Kukhona ithuba lokuthi zigula impela, futhi asifuni ukubambezela ukwelashwa, noma ngabe asinabo ubufakazi obuqinile bokuthi empeleni ukutheleleka ngamagciwane,” kuchaza uFleming.

Ongakusho: "Yibuphi ubufakazi obubonayo ukuthi nginaso noma anginaso isifo esidinga i-antibiotic?" Ukumbuza kuzomenza ame futhi acabange ukuthi ubheke zonke ezinye izinketho, futhi akunikeze isiqephu sokuthi izimpawu zakho zicatshangelwe ngokungathi sína.

Umsebenzi Wegazi

Odokotela abaningi bazo-oda ukusebenza kwegazi ngokuhlolwa kwakho kwaminyaka yonke, kepha imvamisa awudingi iphaneli egcwele yamakhemikhali, efaka ukuhlolwa okungaba yishumi nambili, kusho uFleming. (Qaphela: Kwezinye izimo, empeleni kushibhile ukuthi ilebhu isebenze ngokugcwele kunokuhlolwa kwegazi okumbalwa.)

Ongakusho: "Ngisebenza ngokugcwele yini engikuthandayo, noma ikhona indlela yokwenza ukuhlolwa komuntu ngamunye?" Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi udinga ngempela zonke izivivinyo noma cha kubalulekile-kungaba khona ukonakala emiphumeleni engadingekile: "Ngokuvamile sithola ukungahambi kahle emsebenzini wegazi, okuholela ekuhlolweni okwengeziwe nezinqubo ezingase zingasizuzisi isiguli. , "kuchaza yena. (Thola Izifo Odokotela Abaphuthelwa Kakhulu.) Futhi uma ngabe iphaneli eligcwele lamakhemikhali akuyona eshibhile kuwe, nakanjani ucindezela izivivinyo zomuntu ngamunye ezingezi ngezindleko zephakeji zisho ukuthi ukhokhela ukuhlaziywa ngakunye okweqile.

Buyekeza kwe-