Umuthi Wamarabi

-Delile

• Khuluma nodokotela ngaphambi kokuthola umuthi wokugoma amarabi uma:

Amarabi yisifo esibi. Kubangelwa igciwane. Amarabi ikakhulukazi isifo sezilwane. Abantu bathola amarabi lapho belunywa izilwane ezinesifo.

Ekuqaleni kungenzeka zingabi khona izimpawu. Kepha amasonto, noma ngisho neminyaka ngemuva kokulunywa, amarabi angadala ubuhlungu, ukukhathala, ikhanda, umkhuhlane nokucasuka. Lokhu kulandelwa ukuquleka, ukusangana, nokukhubazeka. Amarabi cishe abulala njalo.

Izilwane zasendle, ikakhulukazi amalulwane, zingumthombo ovame kakhulu wokutheleleka kwabantu ngamarabi e-United States. Ama-skunks, ama-raccoon, izinja, namakati nawo angadlulisa lesi sifo.

Amarabi abantu ayivelakancane e-United States. Kube nezigameko ezingama-55 kuphela ezitholakele kusukela ngo-1990. Kodwa-ke, phakathi kwabantu abayizi-16,000 kanye nabangama-39,000 bayelashwa unyaka nonyaka ukuthola ukuvezwa amarabi ngemuva kokulunywa yizilwane. Futhi, amarabi avame kakhulu kwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba, ngokufa kwabantu ababalelwa ku-40,000 kuya ku-70,000 unyaka nonyaka. Ukulunywa yizinja ezingagonyiwe kubangela iningi lalezi zimo. Umuthi wokugoma amarabi ungavimbela amarabi.

Umuthi wokugomela amarabi unikezwa abantu abasengozini enkulu yamarabi ukuze ubavikele uma bedalulwa. Futhi singasinqanda lesi sifo uma sinikezwe umuntu ngemuva badaluliwe.

Umuthi wokugomela amarabi wenziwa ngegciwane elibulala amarabi. Ayikwazi ukubanga amarabi.

• Abantu abasengozini enkulu yokuchayeka kumarabi, njengodokotela bezilwane, abaphatha izilwane, abasebenzi belebhu labarabi, spelunkers, kanye nabasebenzi bokukhiqiza i-rabies biologics kufanele banikezwe umuthi wokugoma amarabi.
• Umuthi wokugoma kufanele ubhekelwe nalokhu: (1) abantu imisebenzi yabo ebenza bathintane njalo negciwane lesifo samarabi noma nezilwane ezinamarabi, kanye (2) nabahambi bamazwe aphesheya abangase bahlangane nezilwane ezingxenyeni zomhlaba lapho amarabi kuvamile.
• Uhlelo lokuchayeka ngaphambili lokugonyelwa amarabi yimithamo emi-3, enikezwa ngalezi zikhathi ezilandelayo: (1) I-Dose 1: Ngokufanelekile, (2) I-Dose 2: 7 izinsuku ngemuva kwe-Dose 1, kanye (3) ne-Dose 3: 21 izinsuku noma i-28 izinsuku ngemuva kweDose 1.
• Kubasebenzi baselabhorethri nakwabanye abangavezwa kaningi yigciwane lamarabi, kunconywa ukuhlolwa ngezikhathi ezithile kokuzivikela, futhi kufanele kunikezwe imithamo yokulekelela lapho kudingeka. (Ukuhlolwa noma imithamo ye-booster akunconywa izihambi.) Buza udokotela wakho ngemininingwane.

• Noma ngubani olunywe yisilwane, noma okungenzeka ukuthi uke wachayeka kumarabi, kufanele abonane nodokotela ngokushesha. Udokotela uzonquma ukuthi badinga ukugonywa yini.
• Umuntu odaluliwe futhi ongakaze agonyelwe amarabi kufanele athole imithamo emi-4 yomuthi wokugoma amarabi - umthamo owodwa zisuka nje, nemithamo eyengeziwe ngosuku lwesithathu, lwesikhombisa, nolwe-14. Kufanele bathole futhi enye inhlamvu ebizwa ngeRabies Immune Globulin ngasikhathi sinye neyomthamo wokuqala.
• Umuntu owake wagonywa phambilini kufanele athole imithamo emi-2 yomuthi wokugoma amarabi - omunye ngaso leso sikhathi nomunye ngosuku lwesithathu. Amarabi Ama-immune Globulin awadingeki.

Khuluma nodokotela ngaphambi kokuthola umuthi wokugoma amarabi uma:

• owake waba nokugula okungathi sína (okusongela impilo) kokungazwani komzimba nomthamo wangaphambilini wokugoma amarabi, noma kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomuthi wokugoma; Tshela udokotela wakho uma unenkinga yokungezwani komzimba nayo.
• unamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka ngenxa ye: i-HIV / AIDS noma esinye isifo esithinta amasosha omzimba; ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa ezithinta amasosha omzimba, njenge-steroids; umdlavuza, noma ukwelashwa komdlavuza ngemisebe noma ngezidakamizwa.

Uma unokugula okuncane, njengomkhuhlane, ungagonywa. Uma ugula ngokulingene noma kanzima, kufanele ulinde uze ululame ngaphambi kokuthola isilinganiso somuthi wokugoma amarabi. Uma uke wachayeka ku-virus yamarabi, kufanele uthole umuthi wokugoma ngokunganaki ezinye izifo onazo.

Umuthi wokugoma, njenganoma imuphi umuthi, uyakwazi ukudala izinkinga ezinkulu, njengokuphendula okunzima ukungezwani nezinto ezithile. Ingozi yomuthi wokugoma obangela ukulimala okukhulu, noma ukufa, incane kakhulu. Izinkinga ezinkulu ezivela emuthini wokugomela amarabi akuvamile.

• ukudabuka, ububomvu, ukuvuvukala, noma ukulunywa lapho kudutshulwe khona (30% kuya ku-74%)
• ikhanda, isicanucanu, ubuhlungu besisu, ubuhlungu bemisipha, isiyezi (5% kuye ku-40%)

• isifuba, ubuhlungu emalungeni, imfiva (cishe ama-6% wamanani we-booster)

Okunye ukuphazamiseka kwesistimu yezinzwa, njengeGuillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS), kuye kwabikwa ngemuva kokugomela amarabi, kodwa lokhu kwenzeka ngokungavamile kangangoba akwaziwa ukuthi ahlobene nalo muthi wokugoma.

QAPHELA: Izinhlobo eziningi zomuthi wokugoma amarabi ziyatholakala e-United States, futhi ukusabela kungahluka phakathi kwemikhiqizo. Umhlinzeki wakho angakunika imininingwane eminingi ngomkhiqizo othile.

• Noma yisiphi isimo esingajwayelekile, njengokuphendula okunzima komzimba noma umkhuhlane omkhulu. Uma kwenzeka ukusabela okweqile okukhulu, kungaba phakathi kwemizuzu embalwa kuya kwehora ngemuva kokudutshulwa. Izimpawu zokuphendula okweqile zingabandakanya ukuphefumula kanzima, ukudinwa noma ukuvunguzela, ukuvuvukala komphimbo, isifuba, ukuphaphatheka, ubuthakathaka, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, noma isiyezi.

• Shayela udokotela, noma yisa umuntu kudokotela ngokushesha.
• Tshela udokotela wakho ngokwenzekile, usuku nesikhathi okwenzeke ngaso, nokuthi ukugoma kwanikezwa nini.
• Cela umhlinzeki wakho ukuthi abike ukusabela ngokufaka ifomu le-Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS). Noma ungafaka lo mbiko kuwebhusayithi ye-VAERS ku-http: //vaers.hhs.gov/index, noma ngokushayela ku-1-800-822-7967. I-VAERS ayihlinzeki ngezeluleko zezokwelapha.

• Buza udokotela wakho noma omunye umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Bangakunika okufakwa kwephakeji lokugoma noma basikisele eminye imithombo yolwazi.
• Shayela umnyango wezempilo wangakini noma wesifundazwe.
• Xhumana neCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): shayela ku-1-800-232-4636 (1-800-CDC-INFO) noma uvakashele iwebhusayithi yamarabi e-CDC ku-http: //www.cdc.gov/rabies/

Isitatimende Semininingwane Sokugoma Amarabi. UMnyango Wezempilo WaseMelika kanye Nezinsizakalo Zabantu / Izikhungo Zokulawulwa Nokuvikelwa Kwezifo. 10/6/2009

• Imovax^®
• RabAvert^®