Ukuhlolwa kwe-Acid-Fast Bacillus (AFB)

-Delile

• Yini ukuhlolwa kwe-acid-fast bacillus (AFB)?
• Zisetshenziselwani?
• Kungani ngidinga ukuhlolwa kwe-AFB?
• Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-AFB?
• Ngabe kukhona engizodinga ukukwenza ukulungiselela isivivinyo?
• Ingabe zikhona izingozi esivivinyweni?
• Isho ukuthini imiphumela?
• Ngabe kukhona okunye engidinga ukukwazi ngokuhlolwa kwe-AFB?
• Izinkomba

Yini ukuhlolwa kwe-acid-fast bacillus (AFB)?

I-Acid-fast bacillus (AFB) wuhlobo lwebhaktheriya olwenza isifo sofuba nezinye izifo ezithize. Isifo sofuba, esaziwa kakhulu nge-TB, yisifo esibi kakhulu sebhaktheriya esithinta kakhulu amaphaphu. Kungathinta nezinye izingxenye zomzimba, kufaka phakathi ubuchopho, umgogodla nezinso. I-TB isakazeka isuka kumuntu iye komunye umuntu ngokukhwehlela noma ngokuthimula.

I-TB ingacasha noma isebenze. Uma une-TB efihlekile, uzoba namagciwane e-TB emzimbeni wakho kodwa ngeke uzizwe ugula futhi awukwazi ukusabalalisa lesi sifo kwabanye. Uma une-TB esebenzayo, uzoba nezimpawu zesifo futhi ungasabalalisa ukutheleleka kwabanye.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-AFB kuvame uku-odwa kubantu abanezimpawu ze-TB esebenzayo. Ukuhlolwa kubheka ubukhona bamabhaktheriya e-AFB esikhwameni sakho. Isikhwehlela amafinyila aminyene akhwehlela esuka emaphashini. Ihlukile kumathe noma amathe.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuhlolwa kwe-AFB:

• Inhlamba ye-AFB. Kulesi sivivinyo, isampula lakho "ligcotshwe" kusilayidi sengilazi futhi libhekwe ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu. Inganikeza imiphumela ezinsukwini eziyi-1-2. Le miphumela ingabonisa ukutheleleka okungenzeka noma okungenzeka, kodwa ayikwazi ukunikeza ukuxilongwa okuqondile.
• Isiko le-AFB. Kulesi sivivinyo, isampula lakho liyiswa elebhu lifakwe endaweni ekhethekile ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwamagciwane. Isiko le-AFB lingaqinisekisa ngokuqinisekile ukutholakala kwe-TB noma okunye ukutheleleka. Kodwa kuthatha amaviki awu-6 kuya ku-8 ukukhulisa amagciwane anele ukuthola ukutheleleka.

Amanye amagama: i-AFB smear namasiko, isiko le-TB nokuzwela, i-mycobacteria smear namasiko

Zisetshenziselwani?

Ukuhlolwa kwe-AFB kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuxilonga ukutheleleka okusebenzayo kwesifo sofuba (i-TB). Zingasetshenziswa futhi ukusiza ukuthola ezinye izinhlobo zezifo ze-AFB. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Uchoko, isifo esesatshwa kodwa esinqabile futhi eselapheka kalula esithinta izinzwa, amehlo, nesikhumba. Isikhumba sivame ukuba bomvu sibe buthakathaka, siphelelwe umuzwa.
• Ukutheleleka okufana ne-TB okuthinta kakhulu abantu abane-HIV / AIDS kanye nabanye abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-AFB kungasetshenziswa futhi kubantu asebethole ukuthi bane-TB. Ukuhlolwa kungakhombisa ukuthi ngabe umuthi uyasebenza yini nokuthi ukutheleleka kungasakazeka kwabanye.

Kungani ngidinga ukuhlolwa kwe-AFB?

Ungadinga ukuhlolwa kwe-AFB uma unezimpawu ze-TB esebenzayo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ukukhwehlela okuhlala amasonto amathathu noma ngaphezulu
• Ukukhwehlela igazi kanye / noma isikhwehlela
• Ubuhlungu besifuba
• Imfiva
• Ukukhathala
• Ukujuluka ebusuku
• Ukwehla kwesisindo okungachazeki

I-TB esebenzayo ingadala izimpawu kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba ngaphandle kwamaphaphu. Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba ethintekile. Ngakho-ke ungadinga ukuhlolwa uma une:

• Ukuhlungu obusemhlane
• Igazi emchameni wakho
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda
• Ubuhlungu obuhlangene
• Ubuthakathaka

Ungadinga futhi ukuhlolwa uma unezici ezithile zobungozi. Ungaba sengozini enkulu yokuthola i-TB uma:

• Ubusondelene kakhulu nomuntu otholwe ene-TB
• Yiba ne-HIV noma esinye isifo esinciphisa amandla omzimba wakho
• Hlala noma usebenze endaweni enezinga eliphezulu lokutheleleka nge-TB. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izindawo zokuhlala ezingenamakhaya, amakhaya asebekhulile namajele.

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-AFB?

Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzodinga isampula yesikhwehlela sakho kukho kokubili i-AFB smear kanye nesiko le-AFB. Lezi zivivinyo ezimbili zivame ukwenziwa ngasikhathi sinye. Ukuthola amasampuli esikhwehlela:

• Uzocelwa ukuthi ukhwehle ujule futhi ukhafulele esitsheni esiyinyumba. Uzodinga ukwenza lokhu izinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu zilandelana. Lokhu kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isampula lakho linamagciwane anele okuhlolwa.
• Uma unenkinga yokukhwehlela isikhwehlela esanele, umhlinzeki wakho angakucela ukuthi uphefumule inkungu oyinyumba (usawoti) ongakusiza ukukhwehlela ngokujulile.
• Uma namanje ungakwazi ukukhwehlela isikhwehlela esanele, umhlinzeki wakho angenza inqubo ebizwa nge-bronchoscopy. Kule nqubo, uzoqala uthole umuthi ukuze ungezwa buhlungu. Ngemuva kwalokho, kuzofakwa ithubhu elincane elikhanyisiwe ngomlomo noma ngamakhala nangasemoyeni wakho. Isampula lingaqoqwa ngokudonswa noma ngebhulashi elincane.

Ngabe kukhona engizodinga ukukwenza ukulungiselela isivivinyo?

Awunawo amalungiselelo akhethekile we-AFB smear noma isiko.

Ingabe zikhona izingozi esivivinyweni?

Akunabungozi bokuhlinzeka ngesampula lesikhohlela ngokukhwehlela esitsheni. Uma une-bronchoscopy, umphimbo wakho ungazizwa ubuhlungu ngemuva kwenqubo. Kukhona nengozi encane yokutheleleka nokopha esizeni lapho kuthathwa khona isampula.

Isho ukuthini imiphumela?

Uma imiphumela yakho ku-smear noma isiko le-AFB ibingethihle, kungenzeka ukuthi awunayo i-TB esebenzayo. Kodwa futhi kungasho ukuthi abengekho amagciwane anele kusampula ukuze umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo enze ukuxilongwa.

Uma ngabe i-AFB smear yakho yayinegciwane, kusho ukuthi mhlawumbe une-TB noma okunye ukutheleleka, kepha isiko le-AFB liyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Imiphumela yamasiko ingathatha amasonto ambalwa, ngakho-ke umhlinzeki wakho anganquma ukwelapha ukutheleleka kwakho okwamanje.

Uma isiko lakho le-AFB belilungile, kusho ukuthi une-TB esebenzayo noma olunye uhlobo lokutheleleka kwe-AFB. Isiko lingakhomba ukuthi hlobo luni lokutheleleka onalo. Uma usutholakele, umhlinzeki wakho anga-oda "ukuhlolwa kokuthambekela" kusampula yakho. Ukuhlolwa kokuthambekela kusetshenziselwa ukusiza ukuthola ukuthi imuphi umuthi olwa namagciwane onganikeza ukwelashwa okusebenza kahle kakhulu.

Uma unemibuzo ngemiphumela yakho, khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuhlolwa kwelabhorethri, ububanzi bezinkomba, nemiphumela yokuqonda.

Ngabe kukhona okunye engidinga ukukwazi ngokuhlolwa kwe-AFB?

Uma ingelashwa, i-TB ingaba yingozi. Kodwa izimo eziningi ze-TB zingelapheka uma uphuza ama-antibiotic njengokuyalelwa ngumhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Ukwelapha i-TB kuthatha isikhathi eside ukwedlula ukwelapha ezinye izinhlobo zezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa emithini elwa namagciwane, ngeke usathathelana, kepha usazoba ne-TB. Ukwelapha i-TB, udinga ukuthatha ama-antibiotic izinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kweziyisishiyagalolunye. Ubude besikhathi buxhomeke empilweni yakho yonke, iminyaka, nezinye izinto. Kubalulekile ukuthatha ama-antibiotic uma nje umhlinzeki wakho ekutshela, noma ngabe uzizwa ungcono. Ukuma kusenesikhathi kungadala ukuthi ukutheleleka kubuye.

Izinkomba

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Imininingwane ekulesi siza akufanele isetshenziswe esikhundleni sezokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha noma iseluleko. Xhumana nomhlinzeki wezempilo uma unemibuzo ngempilo yakho.