I-Misdiagnosis: Izimo Ezilinganisa I-ADHD

-Delile

• Ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar ne-ADHD
• Umehluko
• Izimo
• Ukuziphatha
• Kusuka emphakathini wethu
• I-Autism
• Amazinga kashukela aphansi
• Izinkinga zokucubungula izinzwa
• Izinkinga zokulala
• Izinkinga zokuzwa
• Izingane eziyizingane

Ukubuka konke

Izingane zitholakala kalula zine-ADHD ngenxa yezinkinga zokulala, amaphutha anganaki, ukuzulazula, noma ukukhohlwa. I-ADHD ekhonjiwe njengesifo sokuziphatha esitholakala kakhulu ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-18.

Kodwa-ke, izimo eziningi zezokwelapha ezinganeni zingabonisa izimpawu ze-ADHD, ezenza ukuxilongwa okulungile kube nzima. Esikhundleni sokugxumela eziphethweni, kubalulekile ukubheka ezinye izincazelo ukuqinisekisa ukwelashwa okunembile.

Ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar ne-ADHD

Ukuxilongwa okunzima kakhulu ukwenza umehluko kuphakathi kwe-ADHD ne-bipolar mood disorder. Lezi zimo ezimbili kaningi kunzima ukuzihlukanisa ngoba zabelana ngezimpawu eziningana, kufaka phakathi:

• ukungazinzi kwemizwelo
• ukuqhuma
• ukungahlaliseki
• ukukhuluma
• ukungabekezeli

I-ADHD ibonakala ikakhulukazi ngokunganaki, ukuphazamiseka, ukungafisi, noma ukungahlaliseki ngokomzimba. Ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar kubangela ukushintshashintsha kwehaba kwemizwelo, amandla, ukucabanga, nokuziphatha, kusuka ekuphakameni kwe-manic kuye kokuphansi kakhulu, nokudangala. Ngenkathi i-bipolar disorder ngokuyinhloko iyisifo semizwelo, i-ADHD ithinta ukunakwa nokuziphatha.

Umehluko

Kunokwehluka okuningi okuhlukile phakathi kwe-ADHD ne-bipolar disorder, kepha kuyinkohliso futhi kungabonakala kungaziwa. I-ADHD yisimo sempilo yonke, imvamisa iqala ngaphambi kweminyaka yobudala eyi-12, kuyilapho isifo se-bipolar sivame ukukhula kamuva, ngemuva kweminyaka yobudala eyi-18 (yize amanye amacala angatholwa phambilini).

I-ADHD ayipheli, kuyilapho i-bipolar disorder ivame ukuba i-episodic, futhi ingahlala ifihliwe ngezikhathi eziphakathi kweziqephu ze-mania noma zokudangala. Izingane ezine-ADHD zingabhekana nobunzima ngokweqile kwemizwa, njengokushintshwa kusuka komunye umsebenzi kuye kokulandelayo, kuyilapho izingane ezinesifo se-bipolar zivame ukuphendula ezenzweni zokuqondiswa kwezigwegwe nokungqubuzana nezibalo zeziphathimandla. Ukudana, ukucasuka, kanye nokulahleka kwememori kuvamile ngemuva kwesikhathi esibonakalayo sokugula kwabo kwe-bipolar, kuyilapho izingane ezine-ADHD zingazitholi izimpawu ezifanayo.

Izimo

Isimo somuntu ophethe i-ADHD sisondela ngokuzumayo futhi singaphela ngokushesha, imvamisa kungakapheli imizuzu engama-20 kuye kwengu-30. Kepha ukushintsha kwemizwelo kokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo kuhlala isikhathi eside. Isiqephu esikhulu sokucindezeleka kufanele sithathe amasonto amabili ukuhlangabezana nenqubo yokuxilonga, kuyilapho isiqephu se-manic kufanele sihlale okungenani isonto elilodwa nezimpawu ezikhona usuku lonke cishe nsuku zonke (ubude besikhathi bungaba buncane uma izimpawu ziba nzima kakhulu ukuthi ukulaliswa esibhedlela kuyadingeka). Izimpawu ze-Hypomanic zidinga kuphela ukuhlala izinsuku ezine. Izingane ezinenkinga yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo kubonakala zikhombisa izimpawu ze-ADHD phakathi nezigaba zazo zobuntu, njengokungahlaliseki, ukungakwazi ukulala, kanye nokungasebenzi kahle.

Phakathi nezigaba zabo ezicindezelekile, izimpawu ezinjengokungagxili, ukukhathala, nokunganaki nakho kungalingisa lezo ze-ADHD. Kodwa-ke, izingane ezinesifo se-bipolar zingabhekana nobunzima bokulala noma zingalala kakhulu. Izingane ezine-ADHD zivame ukuvuka ngokushesha futhi ziqaphele ngokushesha. Bangaba nenkinga yokulala, kepha imvamisa bangakwazi ukulala ubusuku bonke ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.

Ukuziphatha

Ukungaziphathi kahle kwezingane ezine-ADHD nezingane ezine-bipolar disorder kuvame ukuba ngengozi. Ukungazinaki izibalo zeziphathimandla, ukungena ezintweni, nokwenza isiphithiphithi imvamisa kungumphumela wokunganaki, kepha futhi kungumphumela wesiqephu sendoda.

Izingane ezinesifo se-bipolar zingahlanganyela ekuziphatheni okuyingozi. Bangakhombisa ukucabanga okukhulu, bathathe amaphrojekthi ngokusobala abakwazi ukuwaqedela eminyakeni yabo nasezingeni lokukhula.

Kusuka emphakathini wethu

Uchwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo kuphela ongahlukanisa ngokunembile phakathi kwe-ADHD nesifo se-bipolar. Uma ingane yakho kutholakala ukuthi inesifo se-bipolar, ukwelashwa okuyisisekelo kubandakanya imishanguzo yokuvuselela ingqondo ne-anti-depressant, ukwelashwa komuntu ngamunye noma kweqembu, kanye nemfundo ehambisana nokusekelwa. Imithi ingadinga ukuhlanganiswa noma ishintshwe kaningi ukuze iqhubeke ikhiqize imiphumela ezuzisayo.

I-Autism

Izingane ezinenkinga ye-autism spectrum zivame ukubonakala zihlukanisiwe nezindawo zazo futhi zingase zilwe nokuxhumana nabantu. Kwezinye izimo, ukuziphatha kwezingane ezine-autistic kungalingisa ukungasebenzi kahle nezinkinga zokuthuthuka komphakathi ezivamile ezigulini ze-ADHD. Ezinye izindlela zokuziphatha zingafaka ukungakhuli ngokomzwelo okungabonakala futhi nge-ADHD. Amakhono okuxhumana nabantu kanye nekhono lokufunda kungavinjelwa ezinganeni ezinezimo zombili, ezingadala izingqinamba esikoleni nasekhaya.

Amazinga kashukela aphansi

Okuthile okungenacala njengoshukela ophansi wegazi (i-hypoglycemia) nakho kungalingisa izimpawu ze-ADHD. I-Hypoglycemia ezinganeni ingadala ubudlova obungenacharacteristic, ukukhathazeka ngokweqile, ukungakwazi ukuhlala uthule, nokungakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo.

Izinkinga zokucubungula izinzwa

Izinkinga zokucubungula izinzwa (SPD) zingaveza izimpawu ezifana ne-ADHD. Lezi zinkinga ziphawulwa ngokungazweli ngaphansi noma ngokweqile kokulandelayo:

• thinta
• ukunyakaza
• ukuma komzimba
• umsindo
• ukunambitheka
• ukubona
• ukuhogela

Izingane ezine-SPD zingase zizwele ngendwangu ethile, zingashintsha ukusuka komunye umsebenzi ziye komunye, futhi zingase zibe sengozini noma zibe nobunzima bokunaka, ikakhulukazi uma zizizwa zikhungathekile.

Izinkinga zokulala

Izingane ezine-ADHD zingaba nobunzima bokuzola nokulala.Kodwa-ke, ezinye izingane ezinenkinga yokulala zingabonisa izimpawu ze-ADHD ngesikhathi sokuvuka ngaphandle kokuba nalesi sifo.

Ukuntuleka kokulala kubangela ubunzima bokugxila, ukuxhumana, nokulandela izinkomba, futhi kudale ukwehla kwememori yesikhashana.

Izinkinga zokuzwa

Kungaba nzima ukuxilonga izinkinga zokuzwa ezinganeni ezincane ezingazi ukuthi zingaziveza kanjani ngokugcwele. Izingane ezinenkinga yokuzwa zinenkinga yokunaka ngenxa yokungakwazi kwazo ukuzwa kahle.

Imininingwane engekho ezingxoxweni ingahle ibonakale ibangelwa ukungagxili kwengane, kanti empeleni ayikwazi ukulandela. Izingane ezinezinkinga zokuzwa nazo zingaba nobunzima ezimweni zomphakathi futhi zibe namasu okuxhumana angathuthukile.

Izingane eziyizingane

Ezinye izingane ezitholakale zine-ADHD azihlushwa yinoma isiphi isimo sezokwelapha, kodwa zimane nje zijwayelekile, ziyathokozisa kalula, noma zibhorekile. Ngokuya ngocwaningo olushicilelwe ku-, iminyaka yengane ehlobene nontanga yayo ikhonjisiwe ukuthi ithonya umbono kathisha wokuthi une-ADHD noma cha.

Izingane ezisencane emazingeni ebanga lazo zingathola ukuxilongwa okungalungile ngoba othisha benza iphutha ngokungavuthwa kwabo okujwayelekile kwe-ADHD. Izingane, empeleni, ezinamazinga aphakeme obuhlakani kunontanga yazo nazo zingase zingatholakali kahle ngoba ziyabhoreka emakilasini ezibona zilula kakhulu.