Ukuhlaselwa Kokungezwani Komzimba Ne-Anaphylaxis: Izimpawu kanye Nokwelapha

-Delile

• Usizo lokuqala lwe-anaphylaxis
• Ukuzisiza
• Usizo lokuqala kwabanye
• Ukubaluleka kokwelashwa
• Izimpawu ze-anaphylaxis
• Izimbangela nezimbangela ze-anaphylaxis
• Ezinganeni
• Kubantu abadala
• Izinhlobo ze-anaphylaxis
• Ukusabela kwe-uniphasic
• Ukusabela kwe-Biphasic
• Ukusabela okuvikelekile
• Izinkinga ze-anaphylaxis
• Umbono

Ukuqonda ukuhlaselwa komzimba kanye ne-anaphylaxis

Yize ukungezwani komzimba okuningi kungabucayi futhi kungalawulwa ngemithi ejwayelekile, okunye ukusabela okweqile kungaholela ezinkingeni ezisongela impilo. Enye yalezi zinkinga ezisongela impilo ibizwa ngokuthi i-anaphylaxis.

I-Anaphylaxis ukusabela okunzima, komzimba wonke okubandakanya inhliziyo kanye nohlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi, amaphaphu, isikhumba kanye nomgudu wokugaya ukudla. Kungathinta futhi amehlo nohlelo lwezinzwa futhi.

Ukuhlasela okunzima kokungezwani komzimba kungaqalwa ngokudla, njengamakinati, ubisi, ukolweni, noma amaqanda. Kungabuye kuhlotshaniswe nezinyosi zezinambuzane noma imithi ethile.

Kudingeka usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha ukuvimbela ukusabela okweqile kokugula okungabi kubi kakhulu.

Usizo lokuqala lwe-anaphylaxis

Abantu abaningi abazi ngezinkinga zabo zokwaliwa komzimba baphatha umuthi obizwa nge-epinephrine, noma i-adrenaline. Lokhu kufakwa emisipheni nge- “auto-injector” futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa.

Isebenza ngokushesha emzimbeni ukukhuphula umfutho wegazi, ivuse inhliziyo yakho, yehlise ukuvuvukala, futhi ithuthukise nokuphefumula. Ukwelashwa okukhethwa kukho kwe-anaphylaxis.

Ukuzisiza

Uma uhlangabezana ne-anaphylaxis, phatha i-epinephrine shot ngokushesha. Zijove ethangeni ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nesikhathi somjovo wakho. Abanye ochwepheshe batusa ukusebenzisa i-epinephrine shot ngokushesha lapho ubona ukuthi uvezwe i-allergen, kunokulinda izimpawu.

Kuzodingeka ukuthi uqhubekele ekamelweni labezimo eziphuthumayo (ER) njengokulandelela. Esibhedlela, cishe uzonikezwa umoya-mpilo, ama-antihistamine, ne-intravenous (IV) corticosteroids - imethylprednisolone uqobo.

Ungadinga ukubonwa esibhedlela ukuze ubheke ukwelashwa kwakho futhi ubheke noma yikuphi okunye ukusabela.

Usizo lokuqala kwabanye

Uma ucabanga ukuthi omunye umuntu ubhekene ne-anaphylaxis, thatha lezi zinyathelo ngokushesha:

• Cela othile ukuthi abize usizo lwezokwelapha. Shayela ku-911 noma abezimo eziphuthumayo zasendaweni uma uwedwa.
• Buza umuntu ukuthi ngabe uphethe i-epinephrine auto-injector. Uma kunjalo, basize ngokulandela izinkomba zelebula. Unganiki i-epinephrine kumuntu ongazange anikezwe imithi.
• Siza umuntu ukuthi azole futhi alale buthule imilenze yakhe iphakeme. Uma kwenzeka ukuhlanza, baphendulele ohlangothini lwabo ukuvimbela ukuminyana. Ungabaniki lutho lokuphuza.
• Uma umuntu equleka futhi eyeka ukuphefumula, qala i-CPR, bese uqhubeka kuze kufike usizo lwezokwelapha. Iya lapha ukuthola imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo yokwenza i-CPR.

Ukubaluleka kokwelashwa

Kubalulekile ukuthola ukwelashwa ngokuhlaselwa okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba, noma ngabe umuntu eqala ukululama.

Ezimweni eziningi, izimpawu zingathuthuka ekuqaleni kepha bese ziba zimbi ngokushesha ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile. Ukunakekelwa kwezempilo kuyadingeka ukuvimbela ukuphindaphinda kokuhlaselwa.

Izimpawu ze-anaphylaxis

Ukuqala kwe-anaphylaxis kuyashesha. Ungahle uzwe ukusabela phakathi nemizuzwana nje yokuvezwa into onogulayo kuyo. Kuleli qophelo, umfutho wegazi lakho uzokwehla ngokushesha futhi nezindlela zakho zomoya zizoncipha.

Izimpawu ze-anaphylaxis zifaka:

• amajaqamba esiswini
• ukushaya kwenhliziyo
• isicanucanu nokuhlanza
• ukuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe, noma umphimbo
• ukusabela kwesikhumba njengama-hives, ukulunywa, noma ukuxebuka
• izinkinga zokuphefumula
• isiyezi noma ukuquleka
• ukushaya ngamandla okubuthakathaka nokushesha
• umfutho wegazi ophansi (hypotension)
• isikhumba esiphaphathekile
• ukunyakaza, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni

Izimbangela nezimbangela ze-anaphylaxis

I-Anaphylaxis ibangelwa ukungezwani komzimba - kepha hhayi wonke umuntu one-allergies onale mpendulo ebukhali. Abantu abaningi babhekene nezimpawu zokungezwani komzimba, okungabandakanya:

• ikhala eligijimayo
• ukuthimula
• amehlo alumayo noma isikhumba
• ukuqubuka
• isifuba somoya

Ama-Allergens angadala ukuthi amasosha omzimba wakho asabele ngokweqile afaka:

• ukudla
• impova
• izibungu zothuli
• isikhunta
• dander kusuka ezifuywayo ezifana amakati noma izinja
• ukulunywa izinambuzane, njengalezo ezivela kumiyane, iminyovu noma izinyosi
• i-latex
• imithi

Uma uhlangana ne-allergen, umzimba wakho uthatha ukuthi ungumhlaseli wangaphandle futhi amasosha omzimba akhipha izinto zokulwa nawo. Lezi zinto ziholela ekutheni amanye amaseli akhiphe amakhemikhali, adala ukungezwani komzimba kanye nezinguquko emzimbeni wonke.

Ezinganeni

Ngokwe-European Center for Allergy Research Foundation (ECARF), imbangela evame kakhulu ye-anaphylaxis ezinganeni ukwaliwa ukudla. Ukungezwani kokudla okuvamile kufaka phakathi lokhu:

• amakinati
• ubisi
• ukolweni
• amantongomane ezihlahla
• amaqanda
• ukudla kwasolwandle

Izingane zisengozini yokungezwani komzimba nokungezwani nokudla lapho zingekho ekhaya. Kubalulekile ukuthi wazise bonke abanakekeli ngokungezwani kokudla kwengane yakho.

Futhi, fundisa ingane yakho ukuthi ingalokothi yamukele izinto ezibhakiwe ezenziwe ngokwazo noma okunye ukudla okungaqukatha izithako ezingaziwa.

Kubantu abadala

Kubantu abadala, izimbangela ezivame kakhulu ze-anaphylaxis ukudla, imishanguzo, nobuthi bokulunywa yizinambuzane.

Ungaba sengozini ye-anaphylaxis uma uxabana nanoma imiphi imithi, njenge-aspirin, i-penicillin, namanye ama-antibiotics.

Izinhlobo ze-anaphylaxis

I-Anaphylaxis yisikhathi esibanzi salokhu kusabela okweqile. Eqinisweni, ingahle yehlukaniswe ngama-subtypes. Ukuhlukaniswa okuhlukile kuncike ekutheni izimpawu nokuphendula kwenzeka kanjani.

Ukusabela kwe-uniphasic

Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-anaphylaxis. Ukuqala kokuphendula kunalokho kuyashesha, nezimpawu zikhuphuka cishe imizuzu engama-30 ngemuva kokuvezwa yi-allergen.

Kulinganiselwa ukuthi amaphesenti angama-80 kuye kwangama-90 awo wonke amacala agcina engukuthinteka okungenakuphikiswa.

Ukusabela kwe-Biphasic

Ukusabela kwe-biphasic kwenzeka ngemuva kokuhlangenwe nakho kokuqala kwe-anaphylaxis, ngokuvamile phakathi kwamahora angu-1 kuya kwangu-72 ngemuva kokuhlaselwa kokuqala. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka phakathi kwamahora ayisishiyagalombili kuya kwayishumi ngemuva kokuphendula kwakho kokuqala.

Ukusabela okuvikelekile

Lolu uhlobo olude kakhulu lokuphendula. Kulokhu kusabela, izimpawu ze-anaphylaxis ziyaqhubeka futhi kunzima ukuzelapha, kwesinye isikhathi zihlala amahora angama-24 noma ngaphezulu ngaphandle kokuxazulula ngokuphelele.

Lokhu kusabela kujwayelekile kakhulu. Umfutho wegazi ophansi oqhubekayo kungenzeka futhi ukwelashwa okunwetshiwe kungadingeka.

Izinkinga ze-anaphylaxis

Uma ishiywe ingalashwa, i-anaphylaxis ingaholela ekushayweni yi-anaphylactic. Lesi yisimo esiyingozi lapho umfutho wegazi lakho wehla futhi imigwaqo yakho yomoya iba mincane futhi ivuvuke, kukhawulele ukuphefumula kwakho. Inhliziyo yakho nayo ingama ngesikhathi sokushaqeka ngenxa yokuhamba kwegazi okungalungile.

Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, i-anaphylaxis ingadala ukufa. Ukwelashwa ngokushesha nge-epinephrine kungavimbela imiphumela esongela impilo ye-anaphylaxis. Funda kabanzi ngemiphumela ye-anaphylaxis.

Umbono

Umbono we-anaphylaxis muhle lapho kuthathwa izinyathelo zokwelashwa ngokushesha. Isikhathi nasi isihluthulelo. I-Anaphylaxis ingabulala uma iyekwa ingalashwa.

Uma une-allergies enamandla, kufanele uhlale ugcina i-epinephrine auto-injector esandleni uma kwenzeka uvezwa futhi une-anaphylaxis. Ukuphathwa njalo ngosizo lwe-allergist nakho kungasiza.

Gwema i-allergen eyaziwayo lapho kungenzeka. Futhi, landela nodokotela wakho uma usola noma yikuphi ukuzwela kwamanye ama-allergen angatholakali.