I-Sideroblastic anemia: kuyini, izimpawu, izimbangela kanye nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimbangela ezingaba khona
• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani
• Yelashwa kanjani

I-Sideroblastic anemia ibonakala ngokusetshenziswa okungafanele kwe-iron ekuhlanganisweni kwe-hemoglobin, edala ukuthi insimbi iqoqane ngaphakathi kwe-mitochondria yama-erythroblasts, ikhiphe ama-sideroblast endandatho, aboniswa ekuhlaziyweni kwegazi ngaphansi kwemicroscope.

Lesi sifo singahlotshaniswa nezici zofuzo, izinto ezitholakele noma ngenxa ye-myelodysplasias, okuholela ekwenzekeni kwezimpawu zesici se-anemia, njengokukhathala, ukubola, isiyezi nokuba buthakathaka.

Ukwelashwa kuncike ebukhulwini besifo, njengoba i-folic acid ne-vitamin B6 ziphathwa ngokujwayelekile futhi ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, kungadingeka ukwenza ukufakelwa umnkantsha wethambo.

Izimbangela ezingaba khona

I-Sideroblastic anemia ingaba yinto yokuzalwa, lapho umuntu ezalwa enalesi sifo, noma etholwa, lapho ama-sideroblasts avela njengomphumela wesinye isimo. Endabeni yesifo sokuzalwa kwegazi sideroblastic, ifana nokuguqulwa okuzuzwe njengefa, okuxhunyaniswe ne-X chromosome, okuthi, ngenxa yezinguquko, ikhuthaze ushintsho kwimetabolondrial metabolism, okuholela ekwakhiweni kwalolu hlobo lwe-anemia.

Endabeni yokutholakala kwe-sideroblastic anemia, imbangela enkulu yi-myelodysplastic syndrome, ehambelana neqembu lezifo lapho kutholakala khona ukungabi namandla okuqhubekayo komnkantsha futhi okuholela ekukhiqizeni amangqamuzana egazi angavuthiwe. Ezinye izimbangela ze-sideroblastic anemia yilezi:

• Ukuphuza ngokweqile;
• Isifo samathambo;
• Ukuvezwa ubuthi;
• Ukushoda kukavithamini B6 noma ithusi;
• Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile, njenge-chloramphenicol ne-isoniazid;
• Izifo ezizimele.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu hlobo lwe-anemia lungaba ngumphumela wezinye izinguquko ezihlobene nomnkantsha wegazi namathambo, njenge-myeloma, i-polycythemia, i-myelosclerosis ne-leukemia.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Izimpawu zamacala amaningi we-sredoblastic anemia ezuzwe njengefa zivezwa ebuntwaneni, kepha-ke, kungahle kube nezimo ezinzima zesifo se-sideroblastic anemia esinezimpawu zaso ezibonakala kuphela ebudaleni.

Ngokuvamile, izimpawu ze-sideroblastic anemia ziyefana nalezo ze-anemia ejwayelekile, lapho umuntu engathola ukukhathala, anciphise amandla okwenza imisebenzi yomzimba, isiyezi, ubuthakathaka, i-tachycardia ne-pallor, ngaphezu kokuthambekela kakhulu kokopha futhi izifo.

Ukuthola ubungozi bokuba ne-anemia, khetha izimpawu okungenzeka uhlangabezana nazo ngezansi:

1. 1. Ukungabi namandla nokukhathala ngokweqile
2. 2. Isikhumba esiphaphathekile
3. 3. Ukungabi nokuzimisela kanye nomkhiqizo ophansi
4. 4. Ukuphathwa ikhanda njalo
5. 5. Ukucasuka okulula
6. 6. Isifiso esingachazeki sokudla okuthile okuxakile njengezitini noma ubumba
7. 7. Ukulahleka kwememori noma ubunzima bokugxila

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani

Ukuxilongwa kwe-sideroblastic anemia kufanele kwenziwe yi-hematologist noma udokotela ojwayelekile ngokuhlola izimpawu nezimpawu ezethulwe okungenzeka nokwenza isibalo segazi lapho kungenzeka khona ukubona ama-erythrocyte anezimo ezihlukile kanti amanye awo angavela enamachashazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwenziwa nokubalwa kwe-reticulocyte, okungamaseli abomvu angavuthiwe, okuvame ukuba khona kulolu hlobo lwe-anemia.

Ukulinganiswa kwe-iron, ferritin kanye ne-transferrin saturation nakho kukhonjiswa ngudokotela, ngoba nakho kungashintshwa ku-sideroblastic anemia. Kwezinye izimo, udokotela futhi angancoma ukuthi kwenziwe ukuhlolwa ukuze kuhlolwe umnkantsha wethambo, njengoba ngaphezu kokusiza ukuqinisekisa i-sideroblastic anemia, kusiza nokuthola imbangela yenguquko.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwe-sideroblastic anemia kufanele kwenziwe ngokuya ngesibalo sikadokotela nembangela yokushoda kwegazi, futhi kungakhonjiswa ukwengeza nge-vitamin B6 ne-folic acid, ngaphezu kokunciphisa ukuphuza iziphuzo ezidakayo. Uma kwenzeka i-anemia ingenxa yokusetshenziswa kwemithi, ukumiswa kokusetshenziswa kwayo nakho kungakhonjiswa.

Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, lapho i-anemia ingumphumela wezinguquko ekusebenzeni komnkantsha wethambo, ukufakelwa kabusha kungakhonjiswa ngudokotela. Qonda ukuthi ukufakelwa umnkantsha wenziwa kanjani.