I-Aphasia

-Delile

• Kuyini i-aphasia?
• Ziyini izimpawu ze-aphasia?
• Izinhlobo ze-aphasia
• I-aphasia elula
• I-aphasia engekho
• Ukuqhuba i-aphasia
• I-aphasia yomhlaba wonke
• Yini ebangela i-aphasia?
• Izimbangela ze-aphasia yesikhashana
• Ngubani osengozini ye-aphasia?
• Ukuhlonza i-aphasia
• Ukwelapha i-aphasia
• Uyini umbono wabantu abane-aphasia?
• Ukuvimbela i-aphasia

Kuyini i-aphasia?

I-Aphasia ukuphazamiseka kokuxhumana okwenzeka ngenxa yokulimala kobuchopho endaweni eyodwa noma eziningi ezilawula ulimi. Kungaphazamisa ukuxhumana kwakho ngamazwi, ukuxhumana okubhaliwe, noma kokubili. Kungadala izinkinga ngokwazi kwakho uku:

• funda
• bhala
• khuluma
• qonda inkulumo
• lalela

Ngokusho kweNational Aphasia Association, cishe abantu abayizigidi ezi-1 baseMelika banohlobo oluthile lwe-aphasia.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-aphasia?

Izimpawu ze-aphasia ziyahlukahluka kusuka kumnene kuya kokubi. Kuya ngokuthi umonakalo wenzeka kuphi ebuchosheni bakho nobukhulu balowo monakalo.

I-Aphasia ingathinta:

• Okhulumayo
• ukuqonda
• kuyafundwa
• ukubhala
• ukuxhumana okucacile, okubandakanya ukusebenzisa amagama nemisho
• ukuxhumana okwamukelayo, okubandakanya ukuqonda amagama abanye

Izimpawu ezithinta ukuxhumana okucacile zingafaka:

• ukukhuluma ngemisho emifushane, engaphelele noma imishwana
• ukukhuluma ngemisho abanye abangakwazi ukuyiqonda
• usebenzisa amagama angafanele noma amagama angenangqondo
• kusebentisa emagama ngekulandzelana lokungafanele

Izimpawu ezithinta ukuxhumana okwamukelayo zingafaka:

• ubunzima bokuqonda inkulumo yabanye abantu
• ubunzima bokulandela inkulumo esheshayo
• ukungaqondi inkulumo engokomfanekiso

Izinhlobo ze-aphasia

Izinhlobo ezine ezinkulu ze-aphasia yilezi:

• ngokushelelayo
• nonfluent
• ukuqhuba
• global

I-aphasia elula

I-aphasia eyi-fluent ibizwa nangokuthi i-Wernicke's aphasia. Ngokuvamile kuhilela ukulimala ohlangothini lwesobunxele obuphakathi kobuchopho bakho. Uma unalolu hlobo lwe-aphasia, ungakhuluma kepha unenkinga yokuqonda lapho abanye bekhuluma. Uma une-aphasia eshelelayo, kungenzeka ukuthi uzokwazi:

• ukungakwazi ukuqonda nokusebenzisa ulimi ngendlela efanele
• bavame ukukhuluma ngemisho emide, eyinkimbinkimbi engenamqondo futhi efaka amagama angalungile noma umbhedo
• ungaqapheli ukuthi abanye abakwazi ukukuqonda

I-aphasia engekho

I-aphasia engaconsi phansi ibizwa nangokuthi i-Broca’s aphasia. Imvamisa kufaka umonakalo endaweni engaphambili yobunxele bobuchopho bakho. Uma une-aphasia engaconsi phansi, unga:

• khuluma ngemisho emifushane, engaphelele
• ukwazi ukudlulisa imilayezo eyisisekelo, kepha ungahle ulahlekelwe amanye amagama
• unekhono elilinganiselwe lokuqonda okushiwo abanye
• ukuzwa ukukhungatheka ngoba uyabona ukuthi abanye abakwazi ukukuqonda
• ube nobuthakathaka noma ukukhubazeka ohlangothini olungakwesokudla lomzimba wakho

Ukuqhuba i-aphasia

Ukwenza i-aphasia ngokuvamile kubandakanya inkinga yokuphinda amagama noma imishwana ethile. Uma unalolu hlobo lwe-aphasia, ungahle uqonde lapho abanye bekhuluma. Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi abanye bayiqonde inkulumo yakho kepha ungaba nenkinga yokuphinda amagama bese wenza amaphutha lapho ukhuluma.

I-aphasia yomhlaba wonke

I-aphasia yomhlaba jikelele ifaka ukulimala okukhulu ngaphambili nangemuva kohlangothi lobunxele lobuchopho bakho. Uma unalolu hlobo lwe-aphasia, unga:

• unezinkinga ezinzima usebenzisa amagama
• unezinkinga ezinzima ukuqonda amagama
• unekhono elilinganiselwe lokusebenzisa amagama ambalwa ndawonye

Yini ebangela i-aphasia?

I-Aphasia yenzeka ngenxa yokulimala endaweni eyodwa noma eziningi zobuchopho bakho ezilawula ulimi. Lapho kwenzeka umonakalo, kungaphazamisa ukunikezwa kwegazi kulezi zindawo. Ngaphandle komoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba ezivela egazini lakho, amangqamuzana akulezi zingxenye zobuchopho bakho ayafa.

I-Aphasia ingenzeka ngenxa ye:

• isimila ebuchosheni
• ukutheleleka
• ukuwohloka komqondo noma esinye isifo sezinzwa
• isifo esiwohlozayo
• ukulimala ekhanda
• isifo sohlangothi

Ukushaywa unhlangothi kuyimbangela evame kakhulu ye-aphasia. Ngokusho kweNational Aphasia Association, i-aphasia ivela emaphesentini angama-25 kuye kwangama-40 abantu abahlaselwe yisifo sohlangothi.

Izimbangela ze-aphasia yesikhashana

Ukuquleka noma i-migraines kungadala i-aphasia yesikhashana. I-aphasia yesikhashana nayo ingenzeka ngenxa ye- ukuhlaselwa kweschemic okudlulayo (TIA), ephazamisa okwesikhashana ukugeleza kwegazi liye ebuchosheni bakho. I-TIA ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi yi-ministroke. Imiphumela ye-TIA ifaka phakathi:

• ubuthakathaka
• ukuba ndikindiki kwezitho ezithile zomzimba
• kunzima ukukhuluma
• kunzima ukuqonda inkulumo

I-TIA yehlukile kunhlangothi ngoba imiphumela yayo ingeyesikhashana.

Ngubani osengozini ye-aphasia?

I-Aphasia ithinta abantu bayo yonke iminyaka, kubandakanya nezingane. Njengoba imivimbo iyimbangela ejwayelekile kakhulu ye-aphasia, iningi labantu abane-aphasia baneminyaka yobudala ephakathi noma ngaphezulu.

Ukuhlonza i-aphasia

Uma udokotela wakho esola ukuthi une-aphasia, bangahle ba-oda ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging ukuthola umthombo wenkinga. Iskena se-CT noma se-MRI singabasiza ukuthi babone indawo nobukhulu bokulimala kwengqondo yakho.

Udokotela wakho futhi angakuhlolela i-aphasia ngenkathi welashwa ukulimala kobuchopho noma isifo sohlangothi. Isibonelo, bangahlola ikhono lakho loku:

• landela imiyalo
• igama lezinto
• iqhaza engxoxweni
• phendula imibuzo
• bhala amagama

Uma une-aphasia, udokotela wezifo zolimi angakusiza ukukhomba ukukhubazeka kwakho kokuxhumana okuthile. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwakho, bazohlola ikhono lakho loku:

• khuluma kahle
• veza imibono ngokuhambisana
• sebenzisana nabanye
• funda
• bhala
• qonda ulimi olukhulunywayo nolubhalwayo
• sebenzisa ezinye izindlela zokuxhumana
• ukugwinya

Ukwelapha i-aphasia

Udokotela wakho uzoncoma ukwelashwa ngolimi lokukhuluma ukwelapha i-aphasia. Lokhu kwelashwa kuqhubeka kancane kancane kancane kancane. Kufanele uyiqale ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ngemuva kokulimala kobuchopho. Uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa oluthile lungabandakanya:

• ukwenza izivivinyo ukwenza ngcono amakhono akho okuxhumana
• ukusebenza ngamaqembu ukwenza amakhono akho okuxhumana
• ukuhlola amakhono akho okuxhumana ezimweni zangempela
• ukufunda ukusebenzisa ezinye izindlela zokuxhumana, njengezenzo zomzimba, imidwebo, kanye nokuxhumana okuxhumene nekhompyutha
• usebenzisa amakhompyutha ukuthola imisindo yamagama nezenzo
• ukukhuthaza ukuzibandakanya komndeni ukukusiza ukuxhumana ekhaya

Uyini umbono wabantu abane-aphasia?

Uma une-aphasia yesikhashana ngenxa ye-TIA noma i-migraine, ungahle ungadingi ukwelashwa. Uma unolunye uhlobo lwe-aphasia, cishe uzolulama amakhono athile olimi kuze kube yinyanga ngemuva kokugcina ukulimala kobuchopho. Kodwa-ke, akunakwenzeka ukuthi amakhono akho okuxhumana aphelele azobuya.

Izici eziningana zinquma umbono wakho:

• imbangela yokulimala kobuchopho
• indawo yokulimala kwengqondo
• ubunzima bomonakalo wobuchopho
• iminyaka yakho
• impilo yakho yonke
• isisusa sakho sokulandela uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa

Khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuthola ulwazi oluthe xaxa ngesimo sakho esithile nombono wesikhathi eside.

Ukuvimbela i-aphasia

Izimo eziningi ezibangela i-aphasia azivikeleki, njengezicubu zobuchopho noma izifo eziwohlozayo. Kodwa-ke, imbangela evame kakhulu ye-aphasia isifo sohlangothi. Uma unciphisa ubungozi bokushaywa unhlangothi, unganciphisa ubungozi be-aphasia.

Thatha izinyathelo ezilandelayo ukunciphisa ingozi yokushaywa unhlangothi:

• Yeka ukubhema uma ubhema.
• Phuza utshwala ngokulinganisela kuphela.
• Vivinya umzimba nsuku zonke.
• Yidla ukudla okune-sodium ne-fat ephansi.
• Thatha izinyathelo zokulawula umfutho wegazi kanye ne-cholesterol yakho.
• Thatha izinyathelo zokulawula izinkinga zikashukela noma zokujikeleza kwegazi uma unazo.
• Thola ukwelashwa kwe-fibrillation ye-atrial uma unayo.
• Thola ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uba nezimpawu zesifo sohlangothi.