I-spinal aplasia: kuyini, yiziphi izimpawu nokuthi ungaphatha kanjani

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Ingabe umdlavuza womgogodla i-aplasia?
• Izimbangela ezingenzeka ze-aplasia yomgogodla
• Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani
• Yelashwa kanjani

I-bone marrow aplasia noma umnkantsha we-bone aplasia yisifo esivezwa yizinguquko ekusebenzeni komnkantsha wethambo. Umnkantsha wethambo ubhekene nokukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana egazi. Lapho iphazanyiswa yinoma yisiphi isici, ukukhiqizwa kwayo kungancishiswa noma kumiswe, okuholela ekugxileni okuphansi kwamaseli abomvu egazi, ama-platelet nama-leukocyte ajikeleza egazini.

Imvamisa imbangela ye-spinal aplasia ayaziwa, kepha ingahle ihlotshaniswe nokuchayeka kumakhemikhali, imisebe, imishanguzo, noma kungaba ngumphumela wesifo esibi kakhulu, njenge-Fanconi's anemia. Ukwehla kokujikeleza kwamaseli egazi kungaholela ochungechungeni lwezimpawu, njenge-pallor, ukuphefumula okuncane, ukuba khona kwemihuzuko kanye nokwenzeka kaningi kwezifo.

Ukwelashwa kusungulwa ngokwezinga le-aplasia futhi kuvame ukwenziwa ngokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa zokuvikela ukuzivikela, ama-antibiotics, ukumpontshelwa igazi futhi, ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, ukufakelwa umnkantsha wethambo. Ukwelashwa kungasungulwa kuphela ngudokotela ngemuva komphumela wesilinganiso segazi ne-myelogram, okumele icelwe okufanayo.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Njengoba kuyisifo lapho kunenani eliphansi lamaseli abomvu egazi, amaplatelets nama-leukocyte, izimpawu zomgogodla aplasia zihlobene nokwehla kwalezi zinto egazini:

• Ukukhathala ngokweqile;
• Ukuphefumula okufishane;
• Pallor;
• Ubukhona bamabala ansomi esikhunjeni;
• Ukopha okungavamile;
• Ukutheleleka njalo.

Lezi zimpawu zingavela ngokuzumayo noma kancane kancane futhi kancane kancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungahle kube nekhanda, i-tachycardia nesiyezi ezimweni zomgogodla i-aplasia.

I-spinal aplasia ingahle ifane ne-aplastic anemia, njengoba zombili zinembangela efanayo, izimpawu ezifanayo nokwelashwa okufanayo. Funda kabanzi nge-aplastic anemia.

Ingabe umdlavuza womgogodla i-aplasia?

I-spinal aplasia ayiwona umdlavuza. Yize i-leukemia iluhlobo lomdlavuza oluthinta amangqamuzana egazi, kunoshintsho kumnkantsha ovumela umnkantsha ukuthi ukhiqize futhi udedele amaseli amaningi ohlobo oluthile lweseli noma akhulule amaseli angakenzi inqubo yokuvuthwa, njengama-myelocyte, isibonelo. isibonelo.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi umongo we-aplasia, umnkantsha ulahlekelwa umsebenzi wawo, okungukuthi, amangqamuzana akhiqizwa ngobuncane obukhulu noma kungenzeka ukuthi awukho umkhiqizo.

Izimbangela ezingenzeka ze-aplasia yomgogodla

Izimbangela ze-aplasia yomgogodla azaziwa njalo, kepha imvamisa zihlobene ne:

• Ukuvezwa isikhathi eside emisebeni;
• Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ze-cytotoxic;
• Ukuvezwa kokutholakala kwe-benzene;
• Ukuvezwa kwama-insecticide;
• Izifo;
• Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi efana ne-chloramphenicol, isibonelo;
• Izifo ezizimele.

Intambo yomgogodla i-aplasia ayivamile ukuba ifa, kepha uma yenza njalo ihlobene ne-Fanconi anemia, okuyisifo esibi kakhulu, sofuzo nesingavamile lapho ingane inamaphutha khona, engabonakala ngesikhathi sokuzalwa, amabala esikhumba, ukukhubazeka kwezinso, okufushane isiqu kanye namathuba amaningi okuba nezimila kanye neleukemia. Qonda ukuthi ungayibona kanjani futhi uyiphathe kanjani i-anaemia kaFanconi.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani

Ukuxilongwa kwe-aplasia yomgogodla kwenziwa ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okukhonjiswe ngudokotela ojwayelekile, ukubalwa kwegazi, lapho kungabhekwa khona inani lamaseli abomvu egazi, ama-leukocyte nama-platelet ajikeleza egazini.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela angacela i-myelogram, okuwukuhlolwa okuthe xaxa lapho umfutho wegazi nomnkantsha wethambo wenziwa ethanjeni lesinqe noma ithambo le-sternum ukubheka ukuthi akhiqizwa kanjani amangqamuzana egazi. Bona ukuthi yiziphi izinkomba nokuthi i-myelogram yenziwa kanjani.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwe-aplasia yomgogodla kusungulwa ngokwezinga le-aplasia. Ngokwelashwa okulungile, isithombe se-aplasia yomgogodla singaguqulwa, okungukuthi, umnkantsha ungabuyisa amandla awo okukhiqiza amangqamuzana egazi. Ngakho-ke, i-aplasia yomgogodla iyelapheka.

Ukwelashwa kwe-aplasia yomgogodla kungenziwa nge:

• Izidakamizwa zokuzivikela, ezishukumisa ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana egazi ngomnkantsha;
• Imithi elwa namagciwane, ukwelapha ukutheleleka okungenzeka, ngoba amasosha omzimba ayekethisa ngenxa yokwehla kwenani lama-leukocyte.
• Ukumpontshelwa igazi, negazi eliphelele, i-red cell cell concentrate, i-platelet concentrate noma i-leukocyte concentrate kungatofelwa ukwandisa ukuhlushwa kwalezi zinto egazini lesiguli.

Ezimweni ze-aplasia ebucayi, kungadingeka ukwenza ukufakelwa umnkantsha wethambo, okuthi noma unamathuba amaningi okuba nezinkinga, kungenzeka ukwelashwa kukhulu. Bona ukuthi ukufakelwa umnkantsha kwenzeka kanjani.