Ubudlelwano Phakathi kwe-ADHD ne-Autism

-Delile

• Ukubuka konke
• I-ADHD ne-autism
• Izimpawu ze-ADHD ne-autism
• Lapho zenzeka ndawonye
• Ukuqonda inhlanganisela
• Ukuthola ukwelashwa okufanele
• Umbono

Ukubuka konke

Lapho ingane esesikoleni ingakwazi ukugxila emisebenzini noma esikoleni, abazali bangacabanga ukuthi ingane yabo inenkinga yokunganakekelwa kahle kwe-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Ingabe kunzima ukugxila emsebenzini wesikole? Ukuzamazama nobunzima bokuhlala unganyakazi? Ukwehluleka ukwenza noma ukugcina ukuxhumana kwamehlo?

Zonke lezi yizimpawu ze-ADHD.

Lezi zimpawu ziyafana nalokho abantu abaningi abakuqondayo mayelana nenkinga ejwayelekile ye-neurodevelopmental disorder. Ngisho nodokotela abaningi bangase bathambekele kulokho kutholakala. Noma kunjalo, i-ADHD kungenzeka kungabi ukuphela kwempendulo.

Ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe ukuxilongwa kwe-ADHD, kufanelekile ukuqonda ukuthi i-ADHD ne-autism zingadideka kanjani, futhi ziqonde lapho zihlangana.

I-ADHD ne-autism

I-ADHD yisifo esivamile se-neurodevelopmental disorder esivame ukutholakala ezinganeni. Cishe amaphesenti ayi-9.4 ezingane zase-U.S. Ezineminyaka ephakathi kwengu-2 nengu-17 zitholakale zine-ADHD.

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ze-ADHD:

• ikakhulukazi i-hyperactive-impulsive
• ikakhulukazi enganaki
• inhlanganisela

Uhlobo oluhlanganisiwe lwe-ADHD, lapho uhlangabezana khona nezimpawu zokunganaki nezingacindezeli kakhulu, luvame kakhulu.

Isilinganiso seminyaka yokuxilongwa sineminyaka engu-7 ubudala kanti abafana banamathuba amaningi okuthi batholwe bene-ADHD kunamantombazane, yize lokhu kungenzeka ngoba kuveza okuhlukile.

I-Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), esinye isimo sobuntwana, nayo ithinta inani elikhulayo lezingane.

I-ASD iyiqembu lezinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi. Lokhu kuphazamiseka kuthinta isimilo, ukukhula, kanye nokuxhumana. Cishe ingane eyodwa kwezingu-68 zase-U.S itholwe ine-ASD. Abafana banamathuba aphindwe kane nohhafu okuthola ukuthi bane-autism kunamantombazane.

Izimpawu ze-ADHD ne-autism

Ezigabeni zokuqala, akuyona into engavamile ukuthi i-ADHD ne-ASD iphazanyiswe ngenye. Izingane ezinezimo zombili zingaba nenkinga yokuxhumana nokugxila. Yize kunokufana okuthile, kuseyizimo ezimbili ezihlukile.

Nakhu ukuqhathaniswa kwezimo ezimbili nezimpawu zazo:

Lapho zenzeka ndawonye

Kungaba nesizathu sokuthi kungani izimpawu ze-ADHD ne-ASD kungaba nzima ukuhlukanisa komunye nomunye. Zombili zingenzeka ngasikhathi sinye.

Akuzona zonke izingane ezingatholwa ngokusobala. Udokotela anganquma ukuthi esinye seziyaluyalu sibhekene nezimpawu zengane yakho. Kwezinye izimo, izingane zingaba nezimo zombili.

Ngokusho kweCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), ezinganeni ezine-ADHD nazo zine-ASD. Kwesinye isifundo kusuka ngonyaka wezi-2013, izingane ezinezimo zombili zazinezimpawu ezikhubaza kakhulu kunezingane ezazingakhombisi izici ze-ASD.

Ngamanye amagama, izingane ezinezimpawu ze-ADHD ne-ASD bezinamathuba amaningi okuba nobunzima bokufunda namakhono okukhubazeka kwezenhlalo kunezingane ezinesimo esisodwa kuphela.

Ukuqonda inhlanganisela

Kwaphela iminyaka eminingi, odokotela benganqikazi ukuxilonga ingane ene-ADHD ne-ASD. Ngaleso sizathu, zimbalwa kakhulu izifundo zezokwelapha ezibheke umthelela wokuhlanganiswa kwezimo ezinganeni nakubantu abadala.

I-American Psychiatric Association (APA) isho iminyaka ukuthi lezi zimo ezimbili bezingatholakali kumuntu ofanayo. Ngo-2013, i-APA. Ngokukhishwa kweDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disways, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), i-APA ithi lezi zimo zombili zingenzeka ngokubambisana.

Ekubuyekezweni kocwaningo luka-2014 olubheka ukwenzeka kokubambisana kwe-ADHD ne-ASD, abacwaningi bathole ukuthi phakathi kwamaphesenti angama-30 kuye kwangama-50 abantu abane-ASD nabo banezimpawu ze-ADHD. Abaphenyi abaqondi ngokugcwele imbangela yanoma isiphi isimo, noma kungani kwenzeka ndawonye kaningi kangaka.

Zombili lezi zimo zingaxhunyaniswa nezakhi zofuzo. Ucwaningo oluthile lukhombe isakhi sofuzo esingajwayelekile esingaxhunyaniswa kuzo zombili lezi zimo. Lokhu kutholakala kungachaza ukuthi kungani lezi zimo zivame ukwenzeka kumuntu ofanayo.

Kusadingeka olunye ucwaningo ukuqonda kangcono ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-ADHD ne-ASD.

Ukuthola ukwelashwa okufanele

Isinyathelo sokuqala ekusizeni ingane yakho ukuthi ithole ukwelashwa okufanele ukuthola ukuxilongwa okulungile. Ungadinga ukufuna uchwepheshe wokuphazamiseka kokuziphatha kwengane.

Odokotela abaningi bezingane kanye nodokotela abajwayelekile abanakho ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile ukuqonda inhlanganisela yezimpawu. Odokotela bezingane kanye nodokotela abajwayelekile nabo bangaphuthelwa esinye isimo esiyisisekelo esiba nzima ezinhlelweni zokwelashwa.

Ukuphatha izimpawu ze-ADHD kungasiza ingane yakho ukuphatha izimpawu ze-ASD, futhi. Amasu okuziphatha ingane yakho ezowafunda angasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu ze-ASD. Yingakho ukuthola ukuxilongwa okufanele nokwelashwa okwanele kubaluleke kakhulu.

Ukwelashwa ngokuziphatha ukwelashwa okungenzeka kube yi-ADHD, futhi kunconywe njengolayini wokuqala wezokwelapha ezinganeni ezineminyaka engaphansi kwengu-6. Ezinganeni ezingaphezulu kweminyaka engu-6, kunconywa ukwelashwa kokuziphatha ngemithi.

Eminye imithi evame ukusetshenziswa ukwelapha i-ADHD ifaka phakathi:

• i-methylphenidate (Ritalin, Metadate, Concerta, Methylin, Focalin, Daytrana)
• okuxutshwe nosawoti we-amphetamine (Adderall)
• i-dextroamphetamine (iZenzedi, Dexedrine)
• lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse)
• i-guanfacine (Tenex, Intuniv)
• i-clonidine (ICatapres, iCatapres TTS, iKapvay)

Ukwelapha ngokuziphatha kubuye kusetshenziswe njengokwelashwa kwe-ASD, futhi. Imithi ingabuye inikezwe ukwelapha izimpawu. Kubantu abatholakala ukuthi bane-ASD ne-ADHD, imithi enikezwe izimpawu ze-ADHD ingasiza futhi ezinye izimpawu ze-ASD.

Udokotela wengane yakho angadinga ukuzama ukwelashwa okuningana ngaphambi kokuthola okulawula izimpawu, noma kungahle kube nezindlela zokwelashwa eziningi ezisetshenziswa ngasikhathi sinye.

Umbono

I-ADHD ne-ASD yizimo zokuphila konke ezingalawulwa ngemithi elungele lowo nalowo muntu. Yiba nesineke futhi uvulele ukuzama izindlela zokwelashwa ezahlukahlukene. Ungadinga futhi ukuthuthela ekwelashweni okusha njengoba ingane yakho ikhula futhi izimpawu ziguquka.

Ososayensi bayaqhubeka nokwenza ucwaningo ngokuxhumana kwalezi zimo ezimbili. Ucwaningo lungaveza imininingwane eminingi ngezimbangela nezindlela eziningi zokwelashwa ezingatholakala.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokwelashwa okusha noma izivivinyo zomtholampilo. Uma ingane yakho itholwe ukuthi ine-ADHD noma i-ASD kuphela futhi ucabanga ukuthi ingaba nazo zombili lezi zimo, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Xoxa ngazo zonke izimpawu zengane yakho nokuthi udokotela wakho ucabanga ukuthi ukuxilongwa kufanele kulungiswe yini. Ukuxilongwa okulungile kubalulekile ekutholeni ukwelashwa okusebenzayo.