Umdlavuza We-Bile Duct

-Delile

• Izinhlobo ze-cholangiocarcinoma
• Ziyini izimpawu ze-cholangiocarcinoma?
• Yini ebangela i-cholangiocarcinoma?
• Ngubani osengozini ye-cholangiocarcinoma?
• I-cholangiocarcinoma itholakala kanjani?
• Iphathwa kanjani i-cholangiocarcinoma?
• Ukuhlinzwa
• Uyini umbono wesikhathi eside wabantu abane-cholangiocarcinoma?

Sibutsetelo se-cholangiocarcinoma

I-Cholangiocarcinoma ngumdlavuza ongajwayelekile futhi ovame ukubulala othinta amapayipi enyongo.

Amapayipi e-bile awuchungechunge lwamashubhu ahambisa ujusi wokugaya ukudla obizwa nge-bile kusuka esibindini sakho (lapho senziwe khona) uye ku-gallbladder yakho (lapho igcinwa khona). Kusuka kugalbladder, amapayipi athatha inyongo ayise emathunjini akho, lapho kusiza khona ukwehlisa amafutha ekudleni okudlayo.

Ezimweni eziningi, kuvela i-cholangiocarcinoma kulezo zingxenye zemigudu ye-bile elele ngaphandle kwesibindi. Imvamisa, umdlavuza ungakhula ngemigudu etholakala ngaphakathi kwesibindi.

Izinhlobo ze-cholangiocarcinoma

Imvamisa, i-cholangiocarcinomas iyingxenye yomndeni wamathumba owaziwa ngokuthi i-adenocarcinomas, aqhamuka kwizicubu eziyindlala.

Okungajwayelekile, zingama-squamous cell carcinomas, akhula kumaseli we-squamous aqondisa umgudu wakho wokugaya ukudla.

Izicubu ezikhula ngaphandle kwesibindi sakho zivame ukuba zincane. Ezisesibindi zingaba zincane noma zibe nkulu.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-cholangiocarcinoma?

Izimpawu zakho zingahluka ngokuya ngendawo yesimila sakho, kepha zingafaka okulandelayo:

• I-jaundice, ephuzi ngesikhumba, iyisifo esivame kakhulu. Lokhu kungahle kuthuthuke kusenesikhathi noma sekwephuzile, ngokuya ngendawo yesimila.
• Umchamo omnyama nezihlalo eziphaphathekile zingakhula.
• Ukulunywa kungenzeka, futhi kungabangelwa i-jaundice noma umdlavuza.
• Ungaba nobuhlungu esiswini sakho obungena emhlane wakho. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka njengoba umdlavuza uqhubeka.

Eminye imiphumela engemihle kodwa emibi kakhulu ingafaka ukukhuliswa kwesibindi sakho, ubende, noma i-gallbladder.

Ungase futhi ube nezimpawu ezijwayelekile, njenge:

• Ukugodola
• imfiva
• ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla
• ukuncipha komzimba
• ukukhathala

Yini ebangela i-cholangiocarcinoma?

Odokotela abaqondi ukuthi kungani i-cholangiocarcinoma ikhula, kodwa kucatshangwa ukuthi ukuvuvukala okungapheli kwamapayipi e-bile nezifo ezingama-parasitic ezingapheli kungadlala indima.

Ngubani osengozini ye-cholangiocarcinoma?

Kungenzeka ukuthi uthuthukise i-cholangiocarcinoma uma ungowesilisa noma ungaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala. Izimo ezithile zingakhuphula ubungozi bakho kulolu hlobo lomdlavuza, kufaka phakathi:

• izifo zesibindi (i-parasitic flatworm) izifo
• izifo ze-bile duct noma ukuvuvukala okungapheli
• ukulunywa yizilonda emathunjini
• ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali asetshenziswa ezimbonini ezinjengokwenziwa kwamabhanoyi
• izimo ezingavamile, ezifana ne-primary sclerosing cholangitis, i-hepatitis, i-Lynch syndrome, noma i-billary papillomatosis

I-cholangiocarcinoma itholakala kanjani?

Udokotela wakho uzokwenza ukuhlolwa komzimba futhi angathatha amasampula egazi. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungabheka ukuthi isibindi sakho sisebenza kahle kanjani futhi kungasetshenziselwa ukubheka izinto ezibizwa ngokuthi izimpawu zomzimba. Amaleveli ezimaki zesimila angaphakama kubantu abane-cholangiocarcinoma.

Ungadinga futhi ukuskena izithombe ezifana ne-ultrasound, CT scan, kanye ne-MRI scan. Lokhu kunikela ngezithombe zemibhobho yakho ye-bile nezindawo ezibazungezile futhi kungaveza izimila.

Ukuhlola izithombe kungasiza nasekuqondiseni ukunyakaza kukadokotela wakho ohlinzayo ukuze kususwe isampula lezicubu kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi yi-biopsy esizwa ngemifanekiso.

Inqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi i-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) kwesinye isikhathi iyenziwa. Ngesikhathi se-ERCP, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo udlulisa ithubhu ende enekhamera emqaleni bese iya engxenyeni yamathumbu akho lapho kuvuleka khona imibhobho yenyongo. Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo angajova udayi emiphongolweni ye-bile. Lokhu kusiza amapayipi ukuthi abonakale kahle kwi-X-ray, aveze noma yikuphi ukuvimba.

Kwezinye izimo, bazophinde bapase uphenyo oluthatha izithombe ze-ultrasound endaweni yamapayipi akho enyongo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-endoscopic ultrasound scan.

Esivivinyweni esaziwa njenge-percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC), udokotela wakho uthatha imisebe ye-X ngemuva kokujova udayi esibindini sakho nakwimibhobho yenyongo. Kulokhu, bajova udayi ngqo esibindini sakho ngesikhumba sesisu sakho.

Iphathwa kanjani i-cholangiocarcinoma?

Ukwelashwa kwakho kuzohluka ngokuya ngendawo kanye nosayizi wesimila sakho, noma ngabe sesisakazekile (senziwe ngomzimba), kanye nesimo sempilo yakho yonke.

Ukuhlinzwa

Ukwelashwa okuhlinzekwayo ukuphela kwendlela enikeza ikhambi, ikakhulukazi uma umdlavuza wakho ubanjwe kusenesikhathi futhi ungazange usabalale ngale kwemigudu yakho yesibindi noma yenyongo. Kwesinye isikhathi, uma isimila sisaboshelwe emibhedeni yenyongo, ungadinga kuphela ukususwa kwamapayipi. Uma umdlavuza ususabalele ngaphesheya kwamapayipi nasesibindi sakho, ingxenye noma sonke isibindi kungadingeka ukuthi sisuswe. Uma sonke isibindi sakho kufanele sisuswe, uzodinga ukufakelwa kwesibindi ukufaka esikhundleni sako.

Uma umdlavuza wakho uhlasele izitho eziseduze, inqubo ye-Whipple ingenziwa. Kule nqubo, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo ususa:

• amapayipi enyongo
• inyongo
• amanyikwe
• izingxenye zesisu sakho namathumbu akho

Ngisho noma umdlavuza wakho ungeke welapheke, ungahlinzwa ukuze welaphe imisele evalekile yenyongo futhi uqede ezinye zezimpawu zakho. Imvamisa, udokotela ohlinzayo angafaka ithubhu ukuze abambe umgudu uvuleke noma akhe indlela. Lokhu kungasiza ekwelapheni i-jaundice yakho. Ingxenye evinjiwe yamathumbu nayo ingalashwa ngokuhlinzwa.

Ungadinga ukuthola ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali noma ukwelashwa ngemisebe ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kwakho.

Uyini umbono wesikhathi eside wabantu abane-cholangiocarcinoma?

Uma kungenzeka ukuthi ususe ngokuphelele isimila sakho, unethuba lokwelashwa. Umbono wakho ngokuvamile ungcono uma isimila singekho esibindini sakho.

Abantu abaningi abafanele ukuhlinzwa okususa isimila ngokususa konke noma ingxenye yesibindi noma yomgudu wenyongo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umdlavuza usuthuthuke kakhulu, usuvele usetshenzisiwe, noma usendaweni engasebenzi.