Amaphuzu we-BI-RADS

-Delile

• Ngabe lusebenza kanjani uhlelo lokufaka amagoli lwe-BI-RADS?
• Isigaba 0
• Isigaba 1
• Isigaba 2
• Isigaba 3
• Isigaba 4
• Isigaba 5
• Isigaba 6
• I-BI-RADS nobuningi besifuba
• Ukuthatha

Siyini isikolo se-BI-RADS?

Isilinganiso se-BI-RADS yisifinyezo sesilinganiso seBreast Imaging Reporting neDatabase System. Kuyisistimu yamagoli yama-radiologists asebenzisa ukuchaza imiphumela ye-mammogram.

I-mammogram ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray imaging okuhlola impilo yebele. Ithuluzi elisebenza kahle kakhulu ukusiza ukuthola umdlavuza webele, ikakhulukazi ekuqaleni kwawo. Ingasetshenziswa futhi njengethuluzi lokulandelela lapho odokotela bethola abantu abangajwayelekile ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwesifuba somtholampilo.

Ngenkathi lokhu kuhlolwa kungakwazi ukuthola umdlavuza webele ngokwezokwelapha, kungasiza ukukhomba noma yini engajwayelekile. Akukhona konke okutholakele okungavamile okubhekwa njengomdlavuza.

Ngabe lusebenza kanjani uhlelo lokufaka amagoli lwe-BI-RADS?

Odokotela basebenzisa uhlelo lwe-BI-RADS ukubeka okutholakele okungavamile ezigabeni. Izigaba zisuka ku-0 ziye ku-6. Esikhathini esiningi, abesifazane abaneminyaka engama-40 nangaphezulu bathola amaphuzu asukela ku-0 kuye ku-2, okukhombisa imiphumela ejwayelekile noma ukuthi imiphumela engajwayelekile ibucayi, noma ayinawo umdlavuza. Uma uthola amaphuzu ayi-3 noma ngaphezulu, odokotela nama-radiologists batusa ukuvakashelwa okulandelayo noma i-biopsy ukunquma inkambo elandelayo yokusebenza.

Isigaba 0

Isikolo esingu-0 sikhombisa ukuhlolwa okungaphelele. Izithombe ze-mammogram kungenzeka kube nzima ukuzifunda noma ukuzihumusha. Kwezinye izimo, odokotela bangafuna ukuqhathanisa lezi zithombe ezintsha nezindala ukuze babone ukuthi ngabe kube nezinguquko ezithile yini. Isilinganiso se-BI-RADS esingu-0 sidinga izivivinyo ezengeziwe nezithombe ukunikeza ukuhlolwa kokugcina.

Isigaba 1

Lesi sikolo siqinisekisa ukuthi imiphumela yakho ye-mammogram ayibi. Amaphuzu angu-1 akhombisa ukuthi awukho umdlavuza namabele akho anokuminyana okulinganayo. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokuhlolwa okujwayelekile.

Isigaba 2

Isilinganiso se-BI-RADS esingu-2 sikhombisa nokuthi imiphumela yakho ye-mammogram ijwayelekile. Azikho izinkomba zomdlavuza, kepha udokotela angabona ama-cysts noma uquqaba olunobungozi okufanele alufake embikweni wakho. Ukuvakashelwa okuvamile kuphakanyisiwe ngalesi sikolo. Inothi embikweni wakho lizosetshenziswa njengokuqhathanisa kunoma yikuphi okutholakele esikhathini esizayo.

Isigaba 3

Amaphuzu ama-3 asikisela ukuthi imiphumela ye-mammogram yakho cishe ijwayelekile, kodwa kunamathuba amaphesenti amabili womdlavuza. Kulokhu, odokotela bancoma ukuvakashelwa okulandelayo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ukufakazela ukuthi lokho okutholakele akulungile. Kuzodingeka nokuthi ube nokuvakashelwa okujwayelekile kuze kube yilapho imiphumela yakho ithuthuka futhi noma ikuphi okungajwayelekile kuzinzile. Ukuvakashelwa njalo kusiza ukugwema ama-biopsies amaningi futhi angenasidingo. Zisiza futhi nokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi uma umdlavuza utholakala.

Isigaba 4

Isigaba sesi-4 sibonisa ukutholwa okusolisayo noma ukungajwayelekile. Kulesi simo, kunamaphesenti angama-20 kuya kwangu-35 amathuba omdlavuza. Ukuqinisekisa, udokotela wakho uzodinga ukwenza i-biopsy ukuze avivinye isampula elincane lezicubu.

Lesi silinganiso sehlukaniswe ngemikhakha emithathu eyengeziwe ngokuya ngezinga lokusola likadokotela:

• 4A. Ukusola okuphansi ngomdlavuza noma okutholakele okuyingozi.
• 4B. Ukusola okulingene ngomdlavuza noma okutholakele okuyingozi.
• 4C. Ukusola okuphezulu ngokuthola umdlavuza noma okulimazayo.

Isigaba 5

Ukushaya amagoli 5 kukhombisa ukusola okukhulu komdlavuza. Kulesi sibonelo, okungenani kunamaphesenti angama-95 amathuba omdlavuza webele. Kunconywa i-biopsy ukuqinisekisa imiphumela nokunquma izinyathelo ezilandelayo zokwelashwa.

Isigaba 6

Ungathola amaphuzu ayi-6 kuphela ngemuva kokuthola i-biopsy futhi uthole ukuxilongwa komdlavuza webele. Lesi sigaba nezithombe ezihambisanayo ezisetshenziswe njengesiqhathaniso zibonisa ukuthi umdlavuza usabela kanjani ekwelashweni okudingekayo, njenge-chemotherapy, ukuhlinzwa, noma imisebe.

I-BI-RADS nobuningi besifuba

I-BI-RADS ingabuye ihlukanise ukuminyana kwamabele kwelinye lamaqembu amane. Amabele aminyene anezicubu ezinamafutha amancane. Banamathuba amaningi okuba nomdlavuza uma kuqhathaniswa namabele amancane kakhulu anezicubu ezinamafutha amaningi.

Izigaba ezine zobuningi besifuba yilezi:

• Kakhulu okunamafutha. Amabele akhiwa kakhulu ngamafutha anezicubu ezincane ezinezindwangu nezindlala. I-mammogram yamabele anesisindo esiphansi ingabonisa kalula okutholakele okungavamile.
• Ubuningi obuhlakazekile. Amabele anamafutha amaningi anezindawo ezimbalwa zezicubu eziyindlala nezemicu.
• Ubuningi obuhambisanayo. Amabele anokusatshalaliswa kwezicubu zemicu nezindlala. Lokhu kungenza kube nzima ukuthola ukuthambekela okuncane.
• Kuminyene kakhulu. Amabele anezicubu ezinemicu eminingi kanye nezindlala, okwenza kube nzima ukuthola umdlavuza. Ukungajwayelekile kunamathuba amaningi okuhlangana nezicubu zebele ezijwayelekile.

Ukuthatha

Isilinganiso se-BI-RADS sisiza udokotela wakho ukuxhumana nemiphumela yakho ye-mammogram futhi anqume ukwelashwa. Khumbula ukuthi isilinganiso se-BI-RADS asinikezi ukuxilongwa.

Uma uthola amaphuzu aphezulu akhombisa ukuba khona komdlavuza, kufanele ube nesikhathi sokuqokwa sokulandelela ukuqinisekisa okutholakele kukadokotela wakho nokuthola ukuxilongwa okufanele. Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kungakhulisa amathuba akho okushaya umdlavuza webele.