Igazi Smear

-Delile

• Kuyini i-blood smear?
• Kusetshenziselwa ini?
• Kungani ngidinga i-smear yegazi?
• Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokugcotshwa kwegazi?
• Ngabe kukhona engizodinga ukukwenza ukulungiselela isivivinyo?
• Ingabe zikhona izingozi esivivinyweni?
• Isho ukuthini imiphumela?
• Ngabe kukhona okunye engidinga ukukwazi nge-smear yegazi?
• Izinkomba

Kuyini i-blood smear?

I-smear yegazi yisampula segazi elihlolwa kwisilayidi esiphathwe ngokukhethekile. Ekuhlolweni kwe-smear yegazi, uchwepheshe waselabhorethri uhlola isilayidi ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu bese ebheka usayizi, ukwakheka, nenombolo yezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamaseli egazi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Amaseli abomvu egazi, ezithwala umoya-mpilo osuka emaphashini wakho uye kuwo wonke umzimba wakho
• Amaseli egazi amhlophe, ezilwa nokutheleleka
• Amaplatelets, ezisiza igazi lakho lijiye

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuningi kusebenzisa amakhompyutha ukuhlaziya imiphumela. Okwe-smear yegazi, uchwepheshe welebhu ubheka izinkinga zamangqamuzana egazi okungenzeka zingabonakali ekuhlaziyweni kwekhompyutha.

Amanye amagama: i-peripheral smear, i-peripheral blood film, i-smear, ifilimu yegazi, umehluko wezandla, i-slide ehlukile, i-blood cell morphology, i-blood smear analysis

Kusetshenziselwa ini?

Ukuhlolwa kwe-smear yegazi kusetshenziselwa ukuthola ukuxilongwa kwegazi.

Kungani ngidinga i-smear yegazi?

Ungadinga i-smear yegazi uma unemiphumela engajwayelekile kusibalo segazi esiphelele (i-CBC). I-CBC isivivinyo esijwayelekile esilinganisa izingxenye eziningi zegazi lakho. Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angaphinde a-oda i-smear yegazi uma unezimpawu zesifo segazi. Lezi zimpawu zifaka:

• Ukukhathala
• I-jaundice, isimo esidala ukuthi isikhumba namehlo akho abe phuzi
• Isikhumba esiphaphathekile
• Ukopha okungavamile, kufaka phakathi ukuphuma kwegazi emakhaleni
• Imfiva
• Ubuhlungu bamathambo

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungadinga i-smear yegazi uma uvezwe imikhaza noma uye ezweni elisathuthuka, noma uma umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ecabanga ukuthi unesifo esibangelwa amagciwane, njengomalaleveva. Ama-parasites angabonakala lapho i-smear yegazi ibhekwa ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu.

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokugcotshwa kwegazi?

Uchwepheshe wezempilo uzothatha isampula yegazi emthanjeni osengalweni yakho, esebenzisa inaliti encane. Ngemuva kokuthi kufakwe inaliti, kuzoqoqwa inani elincane legazi kufakwe ithubhu yokuhlola noma isitsha. Ungase uzizwe uluma kancane lapho inaliti ingena noma iphuma. Lokhu ngokuvamile kuthatha imizuzu engaphansi kwemihlanu.

Ngabe kukhona engizodinga ukukwenza ukulungiselela isivivinyo?

Awudingi noma yikuphi ukulungiselela okukhethekile kwe-smear yegazi. Uma umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo eyalele okunye ukuhlolwa kwegazi, kungadingeka ukuthi uzile ukudla (ungadli noma uphuze) amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokwazisa uma ngabe kukhona imiyalelo ekhethekile ongayilandela.

Ingabe zikhona izingozi esivivinyweni?

Kunengozi encane kakhulu yokuhlolwa kwegazi. Ungaba nobuhlungu obuncane noma ukulimaza lapho kufakwe khona inaliti, kepha izimpawu eziningi ziyaphela ngokushesha.

Isho ukuthini imiphumela?

Imiphumela yakho izokhombisa ukuthi amaseli akho egazi abukeka ejwayelekile noma cha ejwayelekile. Uzoba nemiphumela ehlukile yamaseli abomvu egazi, amaseli amhlophe egazi, nama-platelets.

Uma imiphumela yakho yamangqamuzana abomvu egazi ingajwayelekile, ingahle ikhombise:

• Ukushoda kwegazi
• I-sickle cell anemia
• I-hemolytic anemia, uhlobo lwe-anemia lapho amangqamuzana abomvu egazi ecekelwa phansi ngaphambi kokuba abuyiselwe, okushiya umzimba ungenawo amangqamuzana egazi abomvu anele anele
• Thalassemia
• Izinkinga zomnkantsha wamathambo

Uma imiphumela yakho yamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi ingajwayelekile, ingahle ikhombise:

• Ukutheleleka
• Ukungezwani komzimba
• Umdlavuza wegazi

Uma imiphumela yakho yeplatelet ingejwayelekile, ingakhombisa i-thrombocytopenia, isimo lapho igazi lakho linenani eliphansi kunezibalo zegazi.

Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngemiphumela yakho.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuhlolwa kwelabhorethri, ububanzi bezinkomba, nemiphumela yokuqonda.

Ngabe kukhona okunye engidinga ukukwazi nge-smear yegazi?

I-smear yegazi kungenzeka inganikeli ngemininingwane eyanele kumhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuze axilongeke. Uma ngabe eminye imiphumela ye-smear yegazi yakho ingejwayelekile, umhlinzeki wakho kungenzeka a-oda ezinye izivivinyo.

Izinkomba

1. I-Bain B. Ukuxilongwa okuvela kwi-Blood Smear. N Engl J Med [Inthanethi]. I-2005 Aug 4 [icashunwe ngo-2017 Meyi 26]; 353 (5): 498-507. Kutholakala kusuka: http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMra043442
2. UHinkle J, Cheever K. Brunner & Suddarth's Handbook of Laboratory and Diagnostic Test. 2^nd Ed, Kindle. IPhiladelphia: I-Wolters Kluwer Health, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; c2014. Igazi Smear; 94-5 k.
3. Ukuhlolwa Kwelebhu Ku-inthanethi [i-Intanethi]. I-American Association for Clinical Chemistry; c2001–2017. IGazi Smear: Imibuzo ejwayelekile [ibuyekezwe ngo-2015 Feb 24; kukhonjiwe ngo-2017 Meyi 26]; [cishe izikrini ezi-5]. Kutholakala kwa: https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/blood-smear/tab/faq
4. Ukuhlolwa Kwelebhu Ku-inthanethi [i-Intanethi]. I-American Association for Clinical Chemistry; c2001–2017. I-Blood Smear: Isivivinyo [sibuyekezwe ngo-2015 Feb 24; kukhonjiwe ngo-2017 Meyi 26]; [cishe izikrini ezi-4]. Kutholakala kusuka: https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/blood-smear/tab/test
5. Ukuhlolwa Kwelebhu Ku-inthanethi [i-Intanethi]. I-American Association for Clinical Chemistry; c2001–2017. I-Blood Smear: Isampula Yokuhlola [ibuyekezwe ngo-2015 Feb 24; kukhonjiwe ngo-2017 Meyi 26]; [cishe izikrini ezi-3]. Kutholakala ku: https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/blood-smear/tab/sample
6. Ukuhlolwa Kwelebhu Ku-inthanethi [i-Intanethi]. I-American Association for Clinical Chemistry; c2001–2017. I-Jaundice [ibuyekezwe ngo-2016 Sep 16; kucashunwe ngo-2017 Meyi 26]; [cishe izikrini ezi-4]. Kutholakala ku: https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/conditions/jaundice
7. I-National Heart, Lung, ne-Blood Institute [i-Intanethi]. I-Bethesda (MD): UMnyango Wezempilo kanye Nezinsizakalo Zabantu e-U.S. Izinhlobo Zokuhlolwa Kwegazi [kubuyekezwe ngo-2012 Jan 6; kucashunwe ngo-2017 Meyi 26]; [cishe izikrini ezi-3]. Kutholakala kusuka: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/blood-tests#Types
8. I-National Heart, Lung, ne-Blood Institute [i-Intanethi]. I-Bethesda (MD): UMnyango Wezempilo kanye Nezinsizakalo Zabantu e-U.S. Ziyini Izingozi Zokuhlolwa Kwegazi? [kubuyekezwe 2012 Jan 6; kukhonjiwe ngo-2017 Meyi 26]; [cishe izikrini ezi-5]. Kutholakala kusuka: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/blood-tests#Risk-Factors
9. I-National Heart, Lung, ne-Blood Institute [i-Intanethi]. I-Bethesda (MD): UMnyango Wezempilo kanye Nezinsizakalo Zabantu e-U.S. Kuyini i-Hemolytic Anemia? [kubuyekezwe u-2014 Mar 21; kucashunwe ngo-2017 Meyi 26]; [cishe izikrini ezi-3]. Kutholakala kusuka: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/hemolytic-anemia
10. I-National Heart, Lung, ne-Blood Institute [i-Intanethi]. I-Bethesda (MD): UMnyango Wezempilo kanye Nezinsizakalo Zabantu e-U.S. Kuyini iTrombocytopenia? [kubuyekezwe 2012 Sep 25; kukhonjiwe ngo-2017 Meyi 26]; [cishe izikrini ezi-2]. Kutholakala kusuka: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/thrombocytopenia
11. I-National Heart, Lung, ne-Blood Institute [i-Intanethi]. I-Bethesda (MD): UMnyango Wezempilo kanye Nezinsizakalo Zabantu e-U.S. Ongakulindela Nezivivinyo Zegazi [kubuyekezwe ngo-2012 Jan 6; kucashunwe ngo-2017 Meyi 26]; [cishe izikrini ezi-4]. Kutholakala kusuka: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/blood-tests
12. Impilo ye-UF: University of Florida Health [Internet]. Inyuvesi yaseFlorida; c2017. I-Blood Smear: Ukubuka konke [kubuyekezwe ngo-2017 Meyi 26; kukhonjiwe ngo-2017 Meyi 26]; [cishe izikrini ezi-2]. Kutholakala kusuka: https://ufhealth.org/blood-smear
13. I-University of Rochester Medical Center [i-Inthanethi]. URochester (NY): Isikhungo Sezokwelapha sase-University of Rochester; c2017. I-Health Encyclopedia: I-Blood Smear [icashunwe ngo-2017 Meyi 26]; [cishe izikrini ezi-2]. Kutholakala kusuka: https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?ContentTypeID=167&ContentID;=blood_smear

Imininingwane ekulesi siza akufanele isetshenziswe esikhundleni sezokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha noma iseluleko. Xhumana nomhlinzeki wezempilo uma unemibuzo ngempilo yakho.