I-Bradypnea

-Delile

• Ziyini izimbangela nezimbangela?
• Ama-opioid
• I-Hypothyroidism
• Ubuthi
• Ukulimala ekhanda
• Yiziphi ezinye izimpawu ezingahamba ne-bradypnea?
• Yiziphi izinketho zokwelashwa?
• Izinkinga ezingenzeka
• Umbono

Kuyini i-bradypnea?

IBradypnea isilinganiso sokuphefumula esingajwayelekile.

Izinga elijwayelekile lokuphefumula komuntu omdala ngokujwayelekile liphakathi kokuphefumula okungu-12 kuya kwengu-20 ngomzuzu. Izinga lokuphefumula ngaphansi kwe-12 noma ngaphezulu kokuphefumula okungu-25 ngomzuzu ngenkathi uphumule kungakhombisa inkinga yezempilo engaphansi.

Izilinganiso ezijwayelekile zokuphefumula zezingane yilezi:

I-Bradypnea ingenzeka ngesikhathi sokulala noma lapho uvukile. Akuyona into efanayo ne-apnea, okuyilapho ukuphefumula kuyeka ngokuphelele. Futhi ukuphefumula kanzima, noma ukuphefumula okuncane, kubizwa ngokuthi i-dyspnea.

Ziyini izimbangela nezimbangela?

Ukuphathwa kokuphefumula kuyinkqubo eyinkimbinkimbi. I-brainstem, indawo engaphansi kobuchopho bakho, iyadingeka ukulawula ukuphefumula. Izimpawu zihamba zisuka ebuchosheni zingene entanjeni yomgogodla ziye ezicutshini eziqinisayo futhi zikhululeke ukuletha umoya emaphashini akho.

Ubuchopho bakho nemithambo yegazi emikhulu inezinzwa ezihlola inani le-oxygen ne-carbon dioxide egazini lakho futhi zilungise izinga lokuphefumula kwakho ngokufanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinzwa ezindleleni zakho zomoya ziphendula ukuzelula okwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuphefumula futhi zithumele amasiginali emuva ebuchosheni.

Unganciphisa futhi ukuphefumula kwakho ngokulawula ukuhogela kwakho nokuphefumula kwakho - umkhuba ojwayelekile wokuphumula.

Izinto ezimbalwa zingadala i-bradypnea, kufaka phakathi:

Ama-opioid

Ukuhlukunyezwa kwe-opioid kufinyelele emazingeni obunzima e-United States. Lezi zidakamizwa ezinamandla zinamathisela kuma-receptors ohlelweni lwakho lwemizwa oluphakathi. Lokhu kunganciphisa ngokuphawulekayo izinga lakho lokuphefumula. Ukudlula ngokweqile kwe-opioid kungasongela impilo futhi kukwenze uyeke ukuphefumula ngokuphelele. Amanye ama-opioid avame ukuhlukunyezwa yilawa:

• iqhawekazi
• ikhodi
• i-hydrocodone
• morphine
• i-oxycodone

Le mithi ingadala ingozi enkulu uma nawe:

• intuthu
• thatha i-benzodiazepines, i-barbiturates, i-phenobarbital, i-gabapentinoids, noma izinsiza zokulala
• uphuze utshwala
• ube ne-apnea yokulala evimbela
• unesifo esingapheliyo se-pulmonary disease (COPD), umdlavuza wamaphaphu, noma ezinye izimo zamaphaphu

Abantu abafaka amaphakethe emithi yokuthutha okungekho emthethweni (ama-body packers) nabo bangathola i-bradypnea.

I-Hypothyroidism

Uma indlala yakho yegilo ingasebenzi kahle, untula amahomoni athile. Ukungalashwa, lokhu kunganciphisa ezinye izinqubo zomzimba, kufaka phakathi ukuphefumula. Kunganciphisa nemisipha edingekayo ekuphefumuleni futhi kuholele ekunciphiseni kwamandla amaphaphu.

Ubuthi

Ubuthi obuthile bungathinta umzimba ngokwehlisa ukuphefumula kwakho. Isibonelo salokhu yikhemikhali elibizwa nge-sodium azide, elisetshenziswa kuma-airbags ezimoto ukubasiza ukufuthisa. Kutholakala nasezibulala-zinambuzane nakumadivayisi aqhumayo. Uma uhogelwe ngamanani abalulekile, leli khemikhali lingahle linciphise kokubili isimiso sezinzwa esiphakathi nesistimu yenhliziyo.

Esinye isibonelo yi-carbon monoxide, igesi ekhiqizwa ngezimoto, iziko lamafutha negesi, nakuma-generator. Lo gesi ungangena ngaphakathi emaphashini bese unqwabelana egazini, okuholela emazingeni aphansi e-oxygen.

Ukulimala ekhanda

Ukulimala eduze kwe-brainstem kanye nengcindezi ephezulu ngaphakathi kobuchopho kungaholela ku-bradycardia (ukwehla kwenhliziyo), kanye ne-bradypnea.

Ezinye izimo ezingadala i-bradypnea zifaka:

• ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa noma i-anesthesia
• ukuphazamiseka kwamaphaphu njenge-emphysema, i-bronchitis engapheli, i-asthma enamandla, i-pneumonia, ne-edema yamaphaphu
• izinkinga zokuphefumula ngesikhathi sokulala, njenge-apnea yokulala
• izimo ezithinta izinzwa noma imisipha ethintekayo ekuphefumuleni, njenge-Guillain-Barré syndrome noma i-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)

Ocwaningweni lwango-2016 besebenzisa amagundane, abacwaningi bathole ukuthi ingcindezi engokomzwelo nokukhathazeka okungapheli kungaholela ekwehleni kwezinga lokuphefumula, okungenani esikhathini esifushane. Okunye okukhathazayo ukuthi izinga lokuphefumula eliphansi eliqhubekayo lingabonisa ukuthi izinso zikhuphule umfutho wegazi lomzimba. Lokhu kungaholela ekwandeni komfutho wegazi ophezulu isikhathi eside.

Yiziphi ezinye izimpawu ezingahamba ne-bradypnea?

Izimpawu ezingase zihambisane nokuphefumula okwephuzile zincike embangela. Ngokwesibonelo:

• Ama-opioid nawo angadala izinkinga zokulala, ukuqunjelwa, ukwehla kokuqwashisa, nokunwaya.
• Ezinye izimpawu ze-hypothyroidism zingafaka ukukhathala, isikhumba esomile nokulahleka kwezinwele.
• Ubuthi be-sodium azide bungaholela ezimpawu ezahlukahlukene kufaka phakathi ikhanda, isiyezi, ukuqubuka, ubuthakathaka, isicanucanu nokuhlanza.
• Ukuvezwa kwe-carbon monoxide kungadala ikhanda, isiyezi, ubuthi benhliziyo, ukwehluleka ukuphefumula, kanye ne-coma.

Ukuphefumula kancane, kanye nezinye izimpawu ezinjengokudideka, ukuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, yimicimbi esongela impilo efuna ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo ngokushesha.

Yiziphi izinketho zokwelashwa?

Uma izinga lakho lokuphefumula libonakala lihamba kancane kunokujwayelekile, bheka udokotela wakho ukuze ahlolwe ngokuphelele. Lokhu kuzobandakanya ukuhlolwa komzimba kanye nokuhlolwa kwezinye izimpawu zakho ezibalulekile - ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ukushisa komzimba, kanye nomfutho wegazi. Kanye nezinye izimpawu zakho, ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba kanye nomlando wezokwelapha kuzosiza ukunquma ukuthi ziyadingeka yini ezinye izivivinyo zokuxilonga.

Ezimweni eziphuthumayo, i-oxygen eyengeziwe nezinye izindlela zokusekela impilo zingadingeka. Ukwelapha noma yisiphi isimo esingaphansi kungaxazulula i-bradypnea. Ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa ezingaba khona yilezi:

• ukuluthwa kwe-opioid: izinhlelo zokubuyisa umlutha, ukuphathwa kobunye ubuhlungu
• i-opioid overdose: uma ithathwa ngesikhathi, umuthi obizwa ngeNaloxone ungavimba amasayithi we-opioid receptor, uguqule imiphumela enobuthi yokweqisa
• i-hypothyroidism: imithi yansuku zonke ye-thyroid
• ubuthi: ukuphathwa komoya-mpilo, ukwelashwa kwanoma yikuphi ubuthi, nokuqapha izimpawu ezibalulekile
• ukulimala ekhanda: ukuqapha ngokucophelela, ukunakekelwa okusekelayo, nokuhlinzwa

Izinkinga ezingenzeka

Uma izinga lakho lokuphefumula liwela phansi kakhulu isikhathi eside, kungaholela ku:

• i-hypoxemia, noma i-oxygen ephansi yegazi
• i-acidosis yokuphefumula, isimo lapho igazi lakho liba ne-asidi kakhulu
• ukuqedela ukwehluleka kokuphefumula

Umbono

Umbono wakho uzoncika kwisizathu se-bradypnea, ukwelashwa okutholayo, nokuthi uphendula kahle kanjani kulokho kwelashwa. Ezinye izimo ezidala i-bradypnea zingadinga ukuphathwa kwesikhathi eside.