I-Hypocalcemia (Isifo Sokushoda Kwe-calcium)
-Delile
- Yini ebangela i-hypocalcemia?
- Ziyini izimpawu ze-hypocalcemia?
- Sitholakala kanjani isifo sokushoda kwe-calcium?
- I-hypocalcemia engakazalwa
- I-hypocalcemia iphathwa kanjani?
- Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ze-hypocalcemia?
- Kungavinjelwa kanjani i-hypocalcemia?
- Uvithamini D
- Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila
Sifaka imikhiqizo esicabanga ukuthi ilusizo kubafundi bethu. Uma uthenga ngezixhumanisi ezikuleli khasi, singathola ikhomishini encane. Nansi inqubo yethu.
Siyini isifo sokushoda kwe-calcium?
I-calcium iyimbiwa ebalulekile. Umzimba wakho uyisebenzisela ukwakha amathambo namazinyo aqinile. I-calcium nayo iyadingeka ukuze inhliziyo yakho neminye imisipha isebenze kahle. Uma ungatholi i-calcium eyanele, wandise ingozi yokuba nezinkinga ezifana nokuthi:
- ukukhumuzeka kwamathambo
- i-osteopenia
- isifo se-calcium (hypocalcemia)
Izingane ezingayitholi i-calcium eyanele kungenzeka zingakhuli zifinyelele ekuphakameni kwazo okugcwele njengabantu abadala.
Kufanele usebenzise inani elinconyiwe le-calcium ngosuku ngokudla okudlayo, izengezo, noma amavithamini.
Yini ebangela i-hypocalcemia?
Abantu abaningi basengozini enkulu yokushoda kwe-calcium njengoba bekhula. Lokhu kushoda kungenzeka kungenxa yezici ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi:
- ukungondleki kahle kwe-calcium isikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi ebuntwaneni
- imithi enganciphisa ukumuncwa kwe-calcium
- ukungabekezelelani ekudleni kokudla okune-calcium eningi
- izinguquko ze-hormonal, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane
- izici ezithile zofuzo
Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukutholwa okufanele kwe-calcium kuyo yonke iminyaka.
Ezinganeni nasebusheni, izibonelelo ezinconywayo zansuku zonke ze-calcium ziyefana kubo bobabili ubulili. Ngokuya ngeNational Institutes of Health (NIH), izibonelelo zansuku zonke yilezi:
| Iqembu lobudala | Isibonelelo sokudla esinconyiwe nsuku zonke (RDA) |
| Izingane, iminyaka engu-9-18 | 1,300 mg |
| Izingane, iminyaka engu-4-8 | 1,000 mg |
| Izingane, iminyaka engu-1-3 | 700 mg |
| Izingane, izinyanga ezingu-7-12 | 260 mg |
| Izingane, izinyanga ezingu-0-6 | 200 mg |
Ngokusho kukahulumeni wase-U.S., Izidingo ze-calcium kubantu abadala yilezi:
| Iqembu | Isibonelelo sokudla esinconyiwe nsuku zonke (RDA) |
| Abesifazane, iminyaka engu-71 kuya phezulu | 1,200 mg |
| Abesifazane, iminyaka engu-51-70 | 1,200 mg |
| Abesifazane, iminyaka engu-31-50 | 1,000 mg |
| Abesifazane, iminyaka engu-19-30 | 1,000 mg |
| Abesilisa, iminyaka engu-71 kuya phezulu | 1,200 mg |
| Abesilisa, iminyaka engu-51-70 | 1,000 mg |
| Abesilisa, iminyaka engu-31-50 | 1,000 mg |
| Abesilisa, iminyaka engu-19-30 | 1,000 mg |
Abesifazane badinga ukukhuphula ukudla kwabo kwe-calcium ekuqaleni kwempilo kunamadoda, kusukela eminyakeni yobudala obuphakathi. Ukuhlangabezana nemfuneko edingekayo ye-calcium kubaluleke kakhulu njengoba owesifazane esondela esikhathini.
Ngesikhathi sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, abesifazane kufanele futhi bakhuphule ukudla abakudlayo kwe-calcium ukunciphisa ubungozi besifo samathambo nesifo sokushoda kwe-calcium. Ukwehla kwe-hormone estrogen ngesikhathi sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kubangela ukuba amathambo esifazane anciphe ngokushesha.
I-hormone disorder hypoparathyroidism nayo ingadala isifo sokushoda kwe-calcium. Abantu abanalesi simo abakhiqizi i-hormone eyanele ye-parathyroid, elawula amazinga e-calcium egazini.
Ezinye izimbangela ze-hypocalcemia zifaka ukungondleki kanye ne-malabsorption. Ukungondleki kulapho ungatholi izakhamzimba ezanele, kanti i-malabsorption kulapho umzimba wakho ungakwazi ukumunca amavithamini namaminerali owadingayo ekudleni okudlayo. Izimbangela ezingeziwe zifaka:
- amazinga aphansi kavithamini D, okwenza kube nzima ukuncela i-calcium
- imithi, i-phenytoin enjalo, i-phenobarbital, i-rifampin, i-corticosteroids, nezidakamizwa ezisetshenziselwa ukwelapha amazinga e-calcium aphakeme
- isifo sokuqaqamba kwamalunga
- i-hypermagnesemia ne-hypomagnesemia
- i-hyperphosphatemia
- ukushaqeka ngokweqile
- ukumpontshelwa igazi okukhulu
- ukwehluleka kwezinso
- izidakamizwa ezithile zamakhemikhali
- "Hungry bone syndrome," engahle yenzeke ngemuva kokuhlinzwa nge-hyperparathyroidism
- ukususwa kwezicubu ze-parathyroid gland njengengxenye yokuhlinzwa ukususa indlala yegilo
Uma uphuthelwa umthamo wakho wansuku zonke we-calcium, ngeke ulahlekelwe i-calcium ngobusuku obubodwa. Kodwa kusabalulekile ukwenza umzamo wokuthola i-calcium eyanele nsuku zonke, ngoba umzimba uyisebenzisa ngokushesha. Ama-vegans maningi amathuba okuthi aphelelwe i-calcium ngokushesha ngoba awayidli imikhiqizo yobisi ecebile nge-calcium.
Ukushoda kwe-calcium ngeke kuveze izimpawu zesikhashana ngoba umzimba ugcina amazinga e-calcium ngokuyithatha ngqo emathanjeni. Kepha amazinga aphansi we-calcium wesikhathi eside angaba nemiphumela emibi.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-hypocalcemia?
Ukushoda kwesigaba sokuqala kwe-calcium kungahle kungabangeli zimpawu. Kodwa-ke, izimpawu zizokhula njengoba isimo siqhubeka.
Izimpawu ezinzima ze-hypocalcemia zifaka:
- ukudideka noma ukulahleka kwememori
- ukuphazamiseka kwemisipha
- ukuba ndikindiki nokushosheka ezandleni, ezinyaweni nasebusweni
- ukudana
- ukusangana
- amajaqamba
- izipikili ezibuthakathaka futhi ezibhloka
- ukuqhekeka kalula kwamathambo
Ukushoda kwe-calcium kungathinta zonke izingxenye zomzimba, okuholela kuzipikili ezibuthakathaka, ukukhula kancane kwezinwele, kanye nesikhumba esintekenteke, esizacile.
ICalcium ibuye ibambe iqhaza elibalulekile ekukhishweni kwe-neurotransmitter nasekucindezelweni kwemisipha. Ngakho-ke, ukushoda kwe-calcium kungaletha ukuquleka kubantu abaphile kahle.
Uma uqala ukuhlangabezana nezimpawu zemizwa efana nokulahleka kwememori, ukuba ndikindiki nokushoshozela, ukubona izinto ezingekho kahle, noma ukuquleka, yenza i-aphoyintimenti yokubona udokotela wakho ngokushesha okukhulu.
Sitholakala kanjani isifo sokushoda kwe-calcium?
Xhumana nodokotela wakho uma unezimpawu zesifo sokushoda kwe-calcium. Bazobuyekeza umlando wakho wezokwelapha futhi bakubuze ngomlando womndeni wokushoda kwe-calcium ne-osteoporosis.
Uma udokotela wakho esola ukushoda kwe-calcium, bazothatha isampula yegazi ukuhlola izinga le-calcium yakho yegazi. Udokotela wakho uzolinganisa izinga lakho eliphelele le-calcium, ileveli yakho ye-albhamuin, kanye nezinga le-calcium yakho “noma” yamahhala. I-albhamuin yiprotheni ebophezela ku-calcium bese iyithumela ngegazi. Izinga eliphansi le-calcium egazini lakho lingaqinisekisa ukutholakala kwesifo sokushoda kwe-calcium.
Amazinga ajwayelekile we-calcium kubantu abadala angaba kusuka ku-8.8 kuye ku-10.4 milligrams nge-deciliter ngayinye (mg / dL), ngokwe-Merck Manual. Ungaba sengozini yesifo sokushoda kwe-calcium uma izinga lakho le-calcium lingaphansi kuka-8.8 mg / dL. Izingane nentsha ngokuvamile zinamazinga aphezulu egazi e-calcium kunabantu abadala.
I-hypocalcemia engakazalwa
I-hypocalcemia yeNonatal yenzeka ezinganeni ngokushesha ngemuva kokuzalwa. Izimo eziningi ze-neonatal hypocalcemia zenzeka ezinsukwini ezimbili zokuqala ngemuva kokuzalwa. Kepha ukuqala kokubamba kwesikhathi sekwephuzile kungenzeka ezinsukwini ezintathu ngemuva kokuzalwa, noma kamuva.
Izici ezinobungozi ezinganeni zifaka ukuba zincane ngeminyaka yazo kanye nesifo sikashukela somama. I-hypocalcemia yangaphambi kwesikhathi ivame ukubangelwa ukuphuza ubisi lwenkomo noma ifomula ene-phosphate eningi kakhulu.
Izimpawu ze-neocatal hypocalcemia zifaka:
- jitteriness
- ukungondli kahle
- isithuthwane
- ukuphelelwa umoya, noma ukuphefumula kancane
- i-tachycardia, noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo kunokujwayelekile
Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngokuhlola igazi lengane ezingeni eliphelele le-calcium noma le-ionized calcium. Izinga le-glucose yengane nalo lizohlolwa ukukhipha i-hypoglycemia.
Ukwelashwa ngokujwayelekile kubandakanya ukufaka i-calcium gluconate efakwa emithanjeni elandelwa izinsuku ezimbalwa zezithako zomlomo ze-calcium.
I-hypocalcemia iphathwa kanjani?
Ukushoda kwe-calcium ngokuvamile kulula ukuselapha. Ngokuvamile kubandakanya ukufaka i-calcium eningi ekudleni kwakho.
Musa ukuzelapha ngokuzithathela izithasiselo eziningi ze-calcium. Ukuthatha okungaphezu komthamo onconyiwe ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela wakho kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu njengamatshe ezinso.
Izithasiselo ezijwayelekile ezinconywayo ze-calcium zifaka:
- i-calcium carbonate, ebiza kancane futhi ine-calcium ebaluleke kakhulu
- i-calcium citrate, etholakala kalula kakhulu
- i-calcium phosphate, nayo emuncwa kalula futhi ayibangeli ukuqunjelwa
Izithasiselo ze-calcium zitholakala kumanzi, ithebhulethi, namafomu angahlafunwayo.
Thenga izithasiselo ze-calcium.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi eminye imithi ingaxhumana kabi nezithasiselo ze-calcium. Le mithi ihlanganisa:
- umfutho wegazi we-beta-blockers njenge-atenolol, enganciphisa ukumuncwa kwe-calcium uma kuthathwe kungakapheli amahora amabili wokuthatha izithako ze-calcium
- ama-antacids aqukethe i-aluminium, angakhuphula amazinga egazi e-aluminium
- i-cholesterol eyehlisa i-bile acid sequestrants efana ne-colestipol, enganciphisa ukumuncwa kwe-calcium futhi inyuse ukulahleka kwe-calcium emchameni
- imithi ye-estrogen, engasiza ekwandeni kwamazinga egazi e-calcium
- digoxin, njengoba amazinga aphezulu e-calcium angakhuphula ubuthi be-digoxin
- i-diuretics, engakhuphula amazinga e-calcium (i-hydrochlorothiazide) noma yehlise amazinga e-calcium egazini (i-furosemide)
- ama-antibiotic athile afana ne-fluoroquinolones nama-tetracyclines, ukumuncwa kwawo okungancishiswa izithasiselo ze-calcium
Kwesinye isikhathi izinguquko zokudla nezithasiselo azanele ukwelapha ukushoda kwe-calcium. Kulokhu, udokotela wakho angafuna ukulawula amazinga akho e-calcium ngokunikeza imijovo ejwayelekile ye-calcium.
Ungalindela ukubona imiphumela phakathi kwamasonto ambalwa okuqala okwelashwa. Izimo ezinzima zesifo sokushoda kwe-calcium zizobhekwa ezinyangeni eziya enyangeni eyodwa kuya kwezintathu.
Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ze-hypocalcemia?
Izinkinga ezivela ekushodeni kwesifo se-calcium zifaka ukulimala kwamehlo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungavamile, ne-osteoporosis.
Izinkinga ezivela ku-osteoporosis zifaka:
- ukukhubazeka
- ukuphuka komgogodla noma okunye ukuphuka kwethambo
- ukuhamba kanzima
Uma singelashwa, isifo sokushoda kwe-calcium ekugcineni singabulala.
Kungavinjelwa kanjani i-hypocalcemia?
Ungavimbela isifo sokushoda kwe-calcium ngokufaka i-calcium ekudleni kwakho nsuku zonke.
Yazi ukuthi ukudla okunekhalsiyamu eningi, njengemikhiqizo yobisi, nakho kungaba phezulu emafutheni agcwele kanye namafutha adluliswayo. Khetha izinketho ezingenamafutha amancane noma ezingenamafutha ukunciphisa ubungozi bokuthola i-cholesterol ephezulu nesifo senhliziyo.
Ungathola u-1/4 kuya ku-1/3 we-RDA yakho ye-calcium ngokukhonza okukodwa kobisi kanye nama-yogurts. Ngokusho kwalokhu, okunye ukudla okunothe nge-calcium kufaka:
| Ukudla | Usayizi wokukhonza olinganiselwe | Inani le-calcium ngokusebenza ngakunye |
| Ama-sardine (emafutheni) | 3.75 oz. | 351 mg |
| I-Salmon (pink, ekheniwe, namathambo) | 3 oz. | 183 mg |
| I-tofu eqinisiwe (ejwayelekile, hhayi eqinile) | 1/3 indebe | 434 mg |
| I-Edamame (iqandisiwe) | 1 inkomishi | 71-98 mg |
| Ubhontshisi omhlophe | 1 inkomishi | 161 mg |
| Imifino yeCollard (ephekiwe) | 1 inkomishi | 268 mg |
| I-Brokholi (ephekiwe) | 1 inkomishi | 62 mg |
| Amakhiwane (omisiwe) | 5 amakhiwane | 68 mg |
| Ijusi le-orange eliqinisiwe | 1 inkomishi | 364 mg |
| Isinkwa sikakolweni | 1 ucezu | 36 mg |
Ngenkathi ukuhlangabezana nemfuneko yakho ye-calcium kubaluleke kakhulu, futhi ufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi awutholi kakhulu. Ngokusho kweMayo Clinic, imikhawulo ephezulu yokudla kwe-calcium kumamiligram (mg) kubantu abadala yilena:
- 2,000 mg ngosuku kwabesilisa nabesifazane abaneminyaka engama-51 nangaphezulu
- 2,500 mg ngosuku kwabesilisa nabesifazane abaneminyaka engu-19 kuye kwengu-50 ubudala
Ungahle uthande ukwengeza ukudla kwakho ngokuthatha i-multivitamin. Noma udokotela wakho angancoma izithasiselo uma usengozini enkulu yokuthola ukushoda kwe-calcium.
Ama-multivitamini kungenzeka angabi nayo yonke i-calcium oyidingayo, ngakho-ke qiniseka ukuthi udla ukudla okuhlelekile. Uma ukhulelwe, thatha i-vitamin ngaphambi kokubeletha.
Uvithamini D
Uvithamini D ubalulekile ngoba wandisa isilinganiso se-calcium esifakwa egazini lakho. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi udinga i-vitamin D engakanani.
Ukwengeza ukudla kwakho kwe-calcium, ungangeza ukudla okunothe ku-vitamin D ekudleni kwakho. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- izinhlanzi ezinamafutha njenge-salmon ne-tuna
- ijusi le-orange eliqinile
- ubisi oluqinile
- amakhowe we-portobello
- amaqanda
Njengasemikhiqizweni yobisi ecebile nge-calcium, eminye imikhiqizo yobisi ecebile ngo-vitamin D nayo ingaba phezulu emafutheni agcwele.
Ukukhanya kwelanga kudala umzimba wakho ukuthi wenze uvithamini D, ngakho-ke ukuthola ukukhanya kwelanga njalo nakho kungasiza ukukhulisa amazinga akho kavithamini D.
Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila
Ngaphezu kokugcina amazinga enempilo e-calcium nevithamini D, kunezinguquko ezithile zendlela yokuphila ongazenza ukukhuthaza impilo yamathambo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- ukugcina isisindo somzimba esinempilo
- ukuzivocavoca umzimba njalo
- ukuvimbela ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi nokuphuza utshwala
-Conywayo
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