I-Cardiomyopathy

-Delile

• Kuyini i-cardiomyopathy?
• Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-cardiomyopathy?
• Ukuqina kwenhliziyo
• I-cardiomyopathy ye-hypertrophic
• I-Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD)
• I-cardiomyopathy evimbelayo
• Ezinye izinhlobo
• Ngubani osengozini ye-cardiomyopathy?
• Ziyini izimpawu ze-cardiomyopathy?
• Yiluphi ukwelashwa kwe-cardiomyopathy?
• Uyini umbono wesikhathi eside?

Kuyini i-cardiomyopathy?

I-Cardiomyopathy yisifo esiqhubekayo se-myocardium, noma imisipha yenhliziyo. Ezimweni eziningi, imisipha yenhliziyo iba buthakathaka futhi ayikwazi ukumpompa igazi kuwo wonke umzimba njengoba kufanele. Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-cardiomyopathy ezibangelwa izinto ezahlukahlukene, kusuka kwesifo senhliziyo kuya emithini ethile. Lokhu konke kungaholela ekushayeni kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, inkinga ye-valve yenhliziyo, noma ezinye izinkinga.

Ukwelashwa nokunakekelwa kokulandelela kubalulekile. Bangasiza ukuvimbela ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo noma ezinye izinkinga.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-cardiomyopathy?

I-Cardiomyopathy ngokuvamile inezinhlobo ezine.

Ukuqina kwenhliziyo

Ifomu elijwayeleke kakhulu, i-cardiomyopathy (dilated cardiomyopathy) (DCM), livela lapho imisipha yenhliziyo yakho ibuthaka kakhulu ukuthi ingapompa igazi kahle. Imisipha iyelula bese iba mincane. Lokhu kuvumela amakamelo enhliziyo yakho ukuthi ande.

Lokhu kwaziwa nangokuthi inhliziyo ekhulisiwe. Ungayithola njengefa, noma kungaba ngenxa yesifo semithambo yenhliziyo.

I-cardiomyopathy ye-hypertrophic

I-hypertrophic cardiomyopathy kukholakala ukuthi iyofuzo. Kwenzeka lapho izindonga zenhliziyo yakho zijiya futhi zivimbele igazi ukuba lingagobhozi enhliziyweni yakho. Luhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-cardiomyopathy. Kungabangelwa futhi umfutho wegazi ophezulu wesikhathi eside noma ukuguga. Isifo sikashukela noma isifo segilo nakho kungadala i-hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Kunezinye izimo lapho imbangela ingaziwa.

I-Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD)

I-Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD) iyindlela engajwayelekile kakhulu ye-cardiomyopathy, kodwa iyimbangela ehamba phambili yokufa okungazelelwe kubasubathi abasha. Kulolu hlobo lwe-cardiomyopathy yezofuzo, amafutha nezicubu zomzimba ezengeziwe zishintsha imisipha ye-ventricle efanele. Lokhu kudala isigqi senhliziyo esingajwayelekile.

I-cardiomyopathy evimbelayo

I-cardiomyopathy evinjelwe ifomu elijwayelekile kakhulu. Kwenzeka lapho ama-ventricles eqina futhi engakwazi ukuphumula ngokwanele ukugcwala igazi. Ukuqubuka kwenhliziyo, okuvame ukwenzeka ngemuva kokufakelwa kwenhliziyo, kungaba yimbangela. Kungenzeka futhi ngenxa yesifo senhliziyo.

Ezinye izinhlobo

Iningi lalezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo ze-cardiomyopathy zingesinye sezigaba ezine ezedlule, kepha ngasinye sinezimbangela noma izinkinga ezihlukile.

I-Peripartum cardiomyopathy yenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ngemuva kokukhulelwa. Lolu hlobo olungavamile lwenzeka lapho inhliziyo iba buthakathaka ezinyangeni ezinhlanu zokubeletha noma phakathi nenyanga yokugcina yokukhulelwa. Uma kwenzeka ngemuva kokubeletha, kwesinye isikhathi kubizwa nge-postpartum cardiomyopathy. Lolu uhlobo lwe-cardiomyopathy eseluliwe, futhi yisimo esisongela impilo. Asikho isizathu.

I-cardiomyopathy ephuza ngokweqile ingenxa yokuphuza utshwala obuningi isikhathi eside, okunganciphisa inhliziyo yakho ukuze ingasakwazi ukumpompa igazi kahle. Inhliziyo yakho ibe isikhuliswa. Leli uhlobo lwe-cardiomyopathy ehlanganisiwe.

I-Ischemic cardiomyopathy yenzeka lapho inhliziyo yakho ingasakwazi ukumpompa igazi kuwo wonke umzimba wakho ngenxa yesifo semithambo yenhliziyo. Imithambo yegazi eya emisipheni yenhliziyo iba mincane futhi ivinjwe. Lokhu kuncisha imisipha yenhliziyo umoya-mpilo. I-Ischemic cardiomyopathy iyimbangela ejwayelekile yokuhluleka kwenhliziyo. Ngenye indlela, i-nonischemic cardiomyopathy yinoma yiluphi uhlobo olungahlobene nesifo semithambo yenhliziyo.

I-noncompaction cardiomyopathy, ebizwa nangokuthi i-spongiform cardiomyopathy, isifo esingajwayelekile esikhona lapho kuzalwa. Kubangelwa ukukhula okungajwayelekile kwemisipha yenhliziyo esibelethweni. Ukuxilongwa kungenzeka kunoma yisiphi isigaba sokuphila.

Lapho i-cardiomyopathy ithinta ingane, ibizwa nge-cardiomyopathy yezingane.

Uma une-idiopathic cardiomyopathy, kusho ukuthi ayikho imbangela eyaziwayo.

Ngubani osengozini ye-cardiomyopathy?

I-Cardiomyopathy ingathinta abantu bayo yonke iminyaka. Izici ezinkulu zobungozi zibandakanya okulandelayo:

• umlando womndeni we-cardiomyopathy, ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo ngokuzumayo, noma ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo
• isifo senhliziyo
• isifo sikashukela
• ukukhuluphala okukhulu
• sarcoidosis
• hemochromatosis
• amyloidosis
• isifo senhliziyo
• umfutho wegazi ophezulu wesikhathi eside
• ukuphuza ngokweqile

Ngokuya ngocwaningo, i-HIV, ukwelashwa kwe-HIV, kanye nezindlela zokudla nezindlela zokuphila nakho kungakhuphula ubungozi bokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo. I-HIV ingakhuphula ingozi yakho yokwehluleka kwenhliziyo kanye ne-cardiomyopathy evulekile, ikakhulukazi. Uma une-HIV, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokuhlolwa okuvamile ukuze uhlole impilo yenhliziyo yakho. Kufanele futhi ulandele uhlelo lokudla okunempilo nenhliziyo nokuzivocavoca umzimba.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-cardiomyopathy?

Izimpawu zazo zonke izinhlobo ze-cardiomyopathy zivame ukufana. Kuzo zonke izimo, inhliziyo ayikwazi ukumpompa igazi ngokwanele ezicutshini nasezithweni zomzimba. Kungabangela izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• ubuthakathaka jikelele nokukhathala
• ukuphefumula, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuzikhandla noma sokuvivinya umzimba
• ikhanda elikhanyayo nesiyezi
• ubuhlungu besifuba
• ukushaya kwenhliziyo
• ukuhlaselwa ukuquleka
• umfutho wegazi ophakeme
• i-edema, noma ukuvuvukala, kwezinyawo zakho, amaqakala, nemilenze

Yiluphi ukwelashwa kwe-cardiomyopathy?

Ukwelashwa kuyehluka kuye ngokuthi ilimale kangakanani inhliziyo yakho ngenxa ye-cardiomyopathy kanye nezimpawu eziba khona.

Abanye abantu kungenzeka bangadingi ukwelashwa kuze kuvele izimpawu. Abanye abaqala ukubhekana nokuphefumula noma ubuhlungu besifuba bangadinga ukwenza ukulungisa impilo noma baphuze imishanguzo.

Awukwazi ukuhlehlisa noma ukwelapha i-cardiomyopathy, kepha ungayilawula ngezinye zezinketho ezilandelayo:

• izinguquko zokuphila ngendlela enempilo
• imithi, kufaka phakathi leyo esetshenziselwa ukwelapha umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukuvimbela ukugcinwa kwamanzi, ukugcina inhliziyo ishaya ngesigqi esijwayelekile, ukuvimbela amahlule egazi, nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala
• amadivayisi afakwe ngokuhlinzwa, njengama-pacemaker nama-defibrillators
• ukuhlinzwa
• ukufakelwa inhliziyo, okubhekwa njengesinqumo sokugcina

Inhloso yokwelashwa ukusiza inhliziyo yakho ukuthi isebenze kahle ngangokunokwenzeka futhi ivikele ukulimala okuqhubekayo nokulahleka komsebenzi.

Uyini umbono wesikhathi eside?

I-Cardiomyopathy ingasongela impilo futhi inganciphisa isikhathi sakho sokuphila uma kwenzeka umonakalo omkhulu ekuqaleni. Lesi sifo siyathuthuka, okusho ukuthi sivame ukuba sibi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukwelashwa kungandisa impilo yakho. Bangakwenza lokhu ngokunciphisa ukwehla kwesimo senhliziyo yakho noma ngokunikeza ubuchwepheshe ukusiza inhliziyo yakho yenze umsebenzi wayo.

Labo abane-cardiomyopathy kufanele benze izinguquko eziningana zokuphila ukuze bathuthukise impilo yenhliziyo. Lokhu kungafaka:

• ukugcina isisindo esinempilo
• ukudla ukudla okulungisiwe
• kunciphisa ukudla kwe-caffeine
• ukulala ngokwanele
• ukulawula ukucindezeleka
• ukuyeka ukubhema
• kunciphisa ukuphuza utshwala
• bathola ukwesekwa emndenini wabo, kubangani nakudokotela

Enye yezinselelo ezinkulu ukunamathela kuhlelo lokuzivocavoca njalo. Ukuvivinya umzimba kungakhathaza kakhulu umuntu onenhliziyo elimele. Kodwa-ke, ukuzivocavoca umzimba kubaluleke kakhulu ekugcineni isisindo esinempilo nokwandisa ukusebenza kwenhliziyo. Kubalulekile ukubuza nodokotela wakho futhi uhlanganyele ohlelweni lokuzivocavoca olujwayelekile olungabizi kakhulu kodwa olukuhambisa nsuku zonke.

Uhlobo lokuvivinya umzimba olulungele wena luzoya ngohlobo lwe-cardiomyopathy onayo. Udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukuthi unqume indlela efanele yokuzivocavoca, futhi bazokutshela izimpawu eziyisixwayiso okufanele uziqaphele ngenkathi uzivocavoca.