Yini iCytology nokuthi yenzelwe ini

-Delile

• Izinhlobo eziyinhloko
• 1. Ukuphefumula kwe-cytology yegilo
• 2. I-cytology yesifiso sebele
• 3. I-Pap smear
• 4. I-Cytology yezimfihlo zokuphefumula
• 5. I-Cytology yoketshezi lomzimba

Ukuhlolwa kwe-cytology wukuhlaziywa koketshezi lomzimba nezimfihlo, ngokutadisha amaseli akha isampula ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu, akwazi ukubona ukutholakala kwezimpawu zokuvuvukala, ukutheleleka, ukopha noma umdlavuza.

Lokhu kuhlolwa kuvamise ukukhonjiswa ukuhlaziya okuqukethwe ama-cysts, amaqhuqhuva, uketshezi olungavamile oluqoqeka emigodini yomzimba noma uketshezi olungavamile olufana nesikhwehlela. Ezinye zezinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-cytology yilezo ezenziwa ekuphonsweni kwesifiso sezinhlayiya ze-thyroid noma zesifuba, kanye nakuhlolo lwe-pap smear noma ekufuneni kwezimfihlo zokuphefumula, ngokwesibonelo.

Yize ukuhlolwa kwe-cytology kungahlola izinhlobo eziningana zezinguquko, kubizwa ngokuthi yi-oncotic cytology lapho ifuna ngqo ubukhona bamangqamuzana omdlavuza.

Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi i-cytology ne-histology yizivivinyo ezihlukile, ngoba i-cytology ihlola izici zamaseli akhona entweni, evame ukutholwa ngesibhobo, kuyilapho i-histology icwaninga izicucu zonke zezicubu, ikwazi ukubona ukwakheka nokwakhiwa kwento, imvamisa iqoqwa nge-biopsy, futhi ivame ukuba nenembe kakhudlwana. Bheka ukuthi yini i-biopsy nokuthi yenzelwe ini.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko

Ezinye izibonelo zezivivinyo ze-cytology yilezi:

1. Ukuphefumula kwe-cytology yegilo

I-thyroid aspiration cytology noma i-fine aspiration aspiration (FNAB) yegilo yindlela yokuhlola ebaluleke kakhulu yokuhlola amaqhuqhuva e-thyroid nama-cysts, njengoba ikwazi ukukhombisa ukuthi ngabe iyilonda elibi noma elibi yini.

Kulesi sivivinyo, udokotela uzobhoboza i-nodule, engaqondiswa yi-ultrasound, bese ethola amasampula amaseli ayiqukethe. Ngemuva kwalokho, le nto ibekwa kwisilayidi ukuze ihlaziywe ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ubone ukuthi amaseli anezici ezingathandeki ezingaphakamisa umdlavuza.

Ngakho-ke, i-aspiration cytology iyasiza ukuhola indlela engcono kakhulu yokwelashwa kwe-nodule, ekhombisa isidingo sokulandelwa kuphela, ezimweni ezinobungozi, ukuhlinzwa kukhishwe i-thyroid, ezimweni okusolwa ukuthi zinobungozi, kanye ne-chemotherapy uma kutholakala umdlavuza.

Thola kabanzi mayelana nokuthi lolu vivinyo ludingeka nini nokuthi uyiqonda kanjani imiphumela ekubhobozeni kwe-Thyroid.

2. I-cytology yesifiso sebele

Ukudonswa kwesifuba kungenye yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ze-cytology futhi kubaluleke kakhulu ekuhloleni izici zama-cyst noma amaqhuqhuva webele, ikakhulukazi lapho zikhula ngokushesha noma zibonisa izici zomdlavuza ezisolisayo. Qonda ubungozi be-cyst yamabele ukuba ngumdlavuza.

Njengokubhoboza i-thyroid, ukuqoqwa kwesivivinyo kungaqondiswa noma kungaqondiswa yi-ultrasound, bese lokho kuthunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze kuhlolwe i-cytology ukuhlola amaseli akha into efiselekayo.

3. I-Pap smear

Kulesi sivivinyo, kusikwa nokuxubha umlomo wesibeletho ukuqoqa amasampula amaseli akulesi sifunda, azolungiswa kwisilayidi bese ethunyelwa elabhorethri.

Ngakho-ke, lolu vivinyo luyakwazi ukukhomba ukutheleleka kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane, ama-STD kanye nezimpawu zomdlavuza wesibeletho. Ucwaningo lwamangqamuzana omdlavuza lwaziwa nangokuthi i-cycology ye-oncotic cytology, nokuyisivivinyo esibaluleke kakhulu sokuxilongwa nokuvinjelwa komdlavuza wesibeletho.

Bheka ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlolwa kwePap futhi uqonde imiphumela.

4. I-Cytology yezimfihlo zokuphefumula

Imfihlo yokuphefumula efana nesikhwehlela esivela emaphashini noma amafinyila emakhaleni ingaqoqwa, imvamisa ngesifiso, ukuze ihlolwe elebhu. Lolu hlobo lokuhlola luvame ukucelwa ukuzama ukuthola i-microorganism ebangela ukutheleleka, njenge-fungi noma amabhaktheriya, njenge-bacillus yesifo sofuba, isibonelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingahlola nokuba khona kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza, igazi noma izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba.

5. I-Cytology yoketshezi lomzimba

Ezinye izinhlobo eziningi zoketshezi noketshezi emzimbeni kungahlolwa ekuhlolweni kwe-cytology, futhi isibonelo esivamile yi-cytology yomchamo, lapho uphenya ubukhona bokutheleleka noma ukuvuvukala kwepheshana lomchamo.

Esinye isibonelo esibalulekile yi-cytology ye-ascitic fluid, okuwuketshezi oluhlangana emgodini wesisu, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yezifo zesisu, njenge-cirrhosis. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungacelwa ukuthi kucaciswe imbangela yama-ascites, kanye nokubheka izifo noma izimpawu zomdlavuza wesisu. Funda kabanzi ngale nkinga kuma-ascites.

Uketshezi oluhlangana ku-pleura lungabuye luqoqelwe i-cytology, okuyisikhala esiphakathi kolwelwesi olugxile emaphashini, ku-pericardium, okuwulwelwesi oluzungeze inhliziyo, noma uketshezi oluhlangana ezinhlangothini, ngenxa i-arthritis ebangelwa izifo ezizimele noma ezithathelwanayo, isibonelo.