Imibuzo emi-5 ejwayelekile mayelana nokwelapha i-coronavirus (COVID-19)

-Delile

• 1. Ngabe lowo muntu kubhekwe ukuthi uphulukisiwe nini?
• Ngokuhlolwa kwe-COVID-19
• Ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kwe-COVID-19
• 2. Ngabe ukuphuma esibhedlela kuyefana nokwelashwa?
• 3. Ingabe umuntu owelashiwe angasidlulisa lesi sifo?
• 4. Kungenzeka yini ukuthola i-COVID-19 kabili?
• 5. Ngabe kukhona ukulandelana kwesikhathi eside kokutheleleka?

Abantu abaningi abatheleleke nge-coronavirus entsha (i-COVID-19) bayakwazi ukuthola ikhambi futhi balulame ngokuphelele, ngoba amasosha omzimba akwazi ukuqeda igciwane emzimbeni. Kodwa-ke, isikhathi esingadlula kusukela esikhathini lapho umuntu eveza izimpawu zokuqala, kuze kubhekwe ukuthi selaphekile singahluka kuye ngecala, kusuka ezinsukwini eziyi-14 kuye kumaviki ayisithupha.

Ngemuva kokuthi umuntu kubhekwe ukuthi welaphekile, i-CDC, okuyiCentre for Disease Control and Prevention, ithatha ngokuthi ayikho ingozi yokudluliswa kwezifo nokuthi umuntu uvikelekile ku-coronavirus entsha. Kodwa-ke, i-CDC uqobo ikhombisa ukuthi kusadingeka izifundo ezengeziwe neziguli ezitholakele ukufakazela lokhu kucabanga.

1. Ngabe lowo muntu kubhekwe ukuthi uphulukisiwe nini?

Ngokusho kwe-CDC, umuntu otholwe ukuthi une-COVID-19 angabhekwa njengolashwe ngezindlela ezimbili:

Ngokuhlolwa kwe-COVID-19

Umuntu kubhekwa ukuthi uyelapheka lapho eqoqa lezi zinto eziguqukayo ezintathu:

1. Akakaze abe nomkhuhlane amahora angama-24, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amakhambi emfiva;
2. Ibonisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezimpawu, njengokukhwehlela, ubuhlungu bemisipha, ukuthimula nokuphefumula kanzima;
3. Kubi ekuhlolweni kwe-2 kwe-COVID-19, yenziwe ngaphezulu kwamahora angama-24.

Leli fomu lisetshenziswa kakhulu ezigulini ezingeniswe esibhedlela, ezinezifo ezithinta amasosha omzimba noma ezike zaba nezimpawu ezinzima zalesi sifo esikhathini esithile sokutheleleka.

Ngokuvamile, laba bantu bathatha isikhathi eside ukuthi babhekwe njengabaphulukisiwe, ngoba, ngenxa yobukhulu begciwane, amasosha omzimba anenkinga enkulu yokulwa naleli gciwane.

Ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kwe-COVID-19

Umuntu ubhekwa njengophilisiwe lapho:

1. Akakaze abe nomkhuhlane okungenani amahora angama-24, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imithi;
2. Kukhombisa ukwenziwa ngcono kwezimpawu, njengokukhwehlela, ukuqaqamba komzimba, ukuthimula nokuphefumula kanzima;
3. Sezidlulile izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingu-10 selokhu kwatholakala izimpawu zokuqala Ye-COVID-19. Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, le nkathi inganwetshwa udokotela ezinsukwini ezingama-20.

Leli fomu livame ukusetshenziswa ezimweni ezinesifo esincane kakhulu, ikakhulukazi kubantu abalulama bodwa ekhaya.

2. Ngabe ukuphuma esibhedlela kuyefana nokwelashwa?

Ukukhishwa esibhedlela akusho njalo ukuthi umuntu uyelapheka. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi, ezimweni eziningi, umuntu angakhishwa lapho izimpawu zakhe ziba ngcono futhi akusadingeki ukuthi abhekwe ngokuqhubekayo esibhedlela. Kulezi zimo, umuntu kufanele ahlale yedwa egumbini ekhaya, kuze kube yilapho izimpawu zinyamalala futhi kubhekwa ukuthi welashwa ngenye yezindlela eziboniswe ngenhla.

3. Ingabe umuntu owelashiwe angasidlulisa lesi sifo?

Kuze kube manje, kubhekwa ukuthi umuntu owelapheke i-COVID-19 unengozi ephansi kakhulu yokukwazi ukudlulisela leli gciwane kwabanye abantu. Yize umuntu ophulukisiwe angaba nomthamo wegciwane egazini amasonto ambalwa ngemuva kokunyamalala kwezimpawu, i-CDC ibheka ukuthi inani legciwane elikhishwe liphansi kakhulu, alikho engcupheni yokutheleleka.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuntu uyeka nokuba nokukhwehlela nokuthimula njalo, okuyindlela eyinhloko yokudlulisa i-coronavirus entsha.

Noma kunjalo, kudingeka olunye uphenyo, ngakho-ke, iziphathimandla zezempilo zincoma ukuthi ukunakekelwa okuyisisekelo njengokugeza izandla njalo, ukumboza umlomo wakho namakhala lapho udinga ukukhwehlela, kanye nokugwema ukuba sezindaweni zomphakathi ezivaliwe. Thola kabanzi mayelana nokunakekelwa okusiza ukuvimbela ukutheleleka ukuthi kusabalale.

4. Kungenzeka yini ukuthola i-COVID-19 kabili?

Ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwegazi okwenziwe kubantu abasindile, kwaba lula ukubona ukuthi umzimba uba nama-antibody, njenge-IgG ne-IgM, okubonakala kuqinisekisa ukuvikeleka ekuthelelekeni okusha yi-COVID-19. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokwe-CDC ngemuva kokutheleleka, umuntu uyakwazi ukuzivikela cishe izinsuku ezingama-90, anciphise ubungozi bokutheleleka kabusha.

Ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, kungenzeka ukuthi umuntu ahlaselwe ukutheleleka kwe-SARS-CoV-2, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi nangemuva kokunyamalala kwezimpawu nokuqinisekiswa kokwelashwa ngezivivinyo, umuntu agcine zonke izindlela ezisiza ukuvimbela ukutheleleka okusha, njengokugqoka izifihla-buso, ibanga lomphakathi nokugeza izandla.

5. Ngabe kukhona ukulandelana kwesikhathi eside kokutheleleka?

Kuze kube manje, awekho ama-sequelae aziwayo ahlobene ngqo nokutheleleka kwe-COVID-19, ngoba abantu abaningi babonakala belulama ngaphandle kwe-sequelae unomphela, ikakhulukazi ngoba babenegciwane elincane noma elincane.

Endabeni yokutheleleka okubi kakhulu kwe-COVID-19, lapho umuntu eba khona nenyumoniya, kungenzeka ukuthi kuvele i-sequelae ehlala njalo, njengokuncipha komthamo wamaphaphu, okungadala ukuphefumula okuncane emisebenzini elula, njengokuhamba ngokushesha noma ukukhuphuka izitebhisi. Noma kunjalo, lolu hlobo lokulandelana luhlobene nezibazi zamaphaphu ezishiywe yi-pneumonia hhayi ngokutheleleka nge-coronavirus.

Amanye ama-sequelae angavela nakubantu abalaliswe esibhedlela e-ICU, kepha kulezi zimo, ziyehluka kuye ngobudala kanye nokuba khona kwezinye izifo ezingalapheki, njengezinkinga zenhliziyo noma isifo sikashukela, ngokwesibonelo.

Ngokweminye imibiko, kuneziguli ezelapheke i-COVID-19 ezibonakala zikhathele ngokweqile, ubuhlungu bemisipha nobunzima bokulala, noma ngabe seziyikhiphile i-coronavirus emzimbeni wabo, ebizwa nge-post-COVID syndrome. Bukela le vidiyo elandelayo bese uthola ukuthi iyini, kungani kwenzeka futhi yiziphi izimpawu ezivame kakhulu zalesi sifo:

Kwiphepha lethu le- i-podcast uDkt. UMirca Ocanhas ucacisa ukungabaza okuyinhloko ngokubaluleka kokuqinisa amaphaphu: