Izinketho Zokwelashwa Kwesibili Okubalulekile Kwe-Myeloid Leukemia: Ongakubuza Udokotela Wakho

-Delile

• Yiziphi izinketho zami zokwelashwa?
• Yiziphi izingozi ezingaba khona?
• Ngabe ngidinga umbono wesibili?
• Hlobo luni lokulandelela engizoludinga?
• Ngingalindela muphi umbono?
• Yiziphi izinketho zami uma ukwelashwa kungasebenzi noma i-AML yami ibuya?
• Ukudla okudlela endlini

I-Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) umdlavuza othinta umnkantsha wakho. Ku-AML, umnkantsha wethambo ukhiqiza amaseli egazi amhlophe angajwayelekile, amaseli abomvu egazi, noma ama-platelets. Amaseli egazi amhlophe alwa nokutheleleka, amangqamuzana abomvu egazi athwala umoya-mpilo emzimbeni wonke, futhi ama-platelet asiza ukunqamuka kwegazi.

I-AML yesibili iyinhlayiyana yalo mdlavuza othinta abantu:

• owayenomdlavuza womnkantsha esikhathini esidlule
• owayenokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali noma ukwelashwa ngemisebe ye
  omunye umdlavuza
• abanezinkinga zegazi ezibizwa nge-myelodysplastic
  syndromes
• onenkinga ngomnkantsha wamathambo lowo
  kubangela ukuthi lenze amaseli abomvu amaningi kakhulu, amaseli amhlophe egazi, noma ama-platelets
  (ama-neoplasms we-myeloproliferative)

I-AML yesibili ingaba nzima ukuyelapha, kepha kunezindlela eziningi ongakhetha kuzo. Letha le mibuzo ekuqokweni kwakho okulandelayo nodokotela wakho. Xoxa ngazo zonke izinketho zakho ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi uyazi ukuthi yini ongayilindela.

Yiziphi izinketho zami zokwelashwa?

Ukwelashwa kwe-AML yesibili kuvame ukufana ne-AML ejwayelekile. Uma kutholakale ukuthi une-AML ngaphambili, ungaphinde uthole ukwelashwa okufanayo.

Indlela eyinhloko yokwelapha i-AML yesibili ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali. Le mithi enamandla ibulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza noma iwavimbele ekuhlukaneni. Basebenza ngomdlavuza emzimbeni wakho wonke.

Izidakamizwa ze-Anthracycline ezifana ne-daunorubicin noma i-idarubicin zivame ukusetshenziselwa i-AML yesibili. Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzofaka izidakamizwa ze-chemotherapy emthanjeni engalweni yakho, ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho, noma kuluketshezi oluzungeze umgogodla wakho. Ungathatha futhi le mithi njengamaphilisi.

Ukufakelwa kabusha kwe-allogenic stem cell kungenye indlela yokwelapha eyinhloko, futhi okungenzeka ukuthi yelapha i-AML yesibili. Okokuqala, uzothola imithamo ephezulu kakhulu yokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza amaningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngemuva kwalokho, uzothola ukumnika kwamangqamuzana omnkantsha anempilo avela kumnikeli onempilo ukuze angene esikhundleni samaseli owalahlile.

Yiziphi izingozi ezingaba khona?

I-Chemotherapy ibulala amaseli ahlukanisa ngokushesha emzimbeni wakho wonke. Amaseli womdlavuza akhula ngokushesha, kodwa namaseli ezinwele, amaseli omzimba, nezinye izinhlobo zamaseli aphilile. Ukulahleka kwalawa maseli kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi efana nale:

• ukulahleka kwezinwele
• izilonda zomlomo
• ukukhathala
• isicanucanu nokuhlanza
• ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla
• uhudo noma ukuqunjelwa
• ukutheleleka okuningi kunokujwayelekile
• ukulinyazwa noma ukopha

Imiphumela emibi onayo incike kumuthi wamakhemikhali owuthathayo, umthamo, nokuthi umzimba wakho uphendula kanjani kuwo. Imiphumela emibi kufanele iphele uma ukwelashwa kwakho sekuphelile. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi ungaphatha kanjani imiphumela emibi uma unayo.

Ukufakelwa kwe-stem cell kunikeza ithuba elihle lokuphulukisa i-AML yesibili, kepha kungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu. Umzimba wakho ungabona amaseli abanikeli njengawangaphandle bese uwahlasela. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-graft-versus-host disease (i-GVHD).

I-GVHD ingalimaza izitho ezifana nesibindi sakho namaphaphu, futhi idale imiphumela emibi efana nale:

• ubuhlungu bemisipha
• izinkinga zokuphefumula
• ukuphuzi kwesikhumba nabamhlophe bamehlo
  (i-jaundice)
• ukukhathala

Udokotela wakho uzokunika imithi yokusiza ukuvimbela i-GVHD.

Ngabe ngidinga umbono wesibili?

Izinhlobo eziningi ezahlukahlukene zalo mdlavuza zikhona, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthola ukuxilongwa okulungile ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukwelashwa. I-AML yesibili ingaba yisifo esiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ukusilawula.

Kungokwemvelo ukufuna umbono wesibili. Udokotela wakho akufanele athuke uma ucela eyodwa. Izinhlelo eziningi zomshuwalense wezempilo zizokhokhela umbono wesibili. Uma ukhetha udokotela ozokwengamela ukunakekelwa kwakho, qiniseka ukuthi banolwazi lokwelapha uhlobo lwakho lomdlavuza, nokuthi uzizwa ukhululekile uma unabo.

Hlobo luni lokulandelela engizoludinga?

I-AML yesibili ingabuya - futhi ivame ukubuya - ngemuva kokwelashwa. Uzobona iqembu lakho lezokwelapha ngokuvakashelwa okulandelwayo okuqhubekayo nokuhlolwa ukuze ulibambe kusenesikhathi uma libuya.

Yazisa udokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha oke waba nazo. Udokotela wakho angakusiza futhi ukuthi uphathe noma yimiphi imiphumela emibi yesikhathi eside ongaba nayo ngemuva kokwelashwa kwakho.

Ngingalindela muphi umbono?

I-AML yesibili ayiphenduli ekwelashweni kanye ne-AML eyinhloko. Kunzima ukufeza ukuxolelwa, okusho ukuthi abukho ubufakazi bomdlavuza emzimbeni wakho. Kujwayelekile nokuthi umdlavuza ubuye emuva kokwelashwa. Ithuba lakho elihle lokungena ekuxolelweni ukuthola ukufakelwa kwe-stem cell.

Yiziphi izinketho zami uma ukwelashwa kungasebenzi noma i-AML yami ibuya?

Uma ukwelashwa kwakho kungasebenzi noma umdlavuza wakho ubuya, udokotela wakho angakuqala ngomuthi noma ukwelashwa okusha. Abaphenyi bahlala befunda izindlela ezintsha zokwelapha ukwenza ngcono umbono we-AML yesibili. Ezinye zalezi zindlela zokwelapha zisebenza kangcono kunalezo ezikhona njengamanje.

Enye indlela yokuzama ukwelashwa okusha ngaphambi kokuba itholakale kuwo wonke umuntu ukubhalisa esivivinyweni somtholampilo. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi ngabe yiziphi izifundo ezitholakalayo ezilungele uhlobo lwakho lwe-AML.

Ukudla okudlela endlini

I-AML yesibili ingaba nzima ukwelapha kune-AML eyinhloko. Kepha ngokufakelwa kwe-stem cell kanye nokwelashwa okusha okuphenywayo, kungenzeka ungene ekuxolelweni futhi uhlale unjalo isikhathi eside.