Ingabe Utshwala Buyabulala Amaseli Obuchopho?

-Delile

• Okokuqala, izisekelo ezimbalwa
• Yini esiphuzweni?
• Imiphumela yesikhashana
• Utshwala obunobuthi
• Imiphumela yesikhathi eside
• Ukukhubazeka kobuchopho
• Izinkinga ze-Neurogeneis
• Isifo seWernicke-Korsakoff
• Ingabe umonakalo uyahlehliseka?
• Imiphumela ekukhuleni kobuchopho ingahlala isikhathi eside
• Esizalweni
• Ezinganeni
• Ungaluthola kanjani usizo
• Okubalulekile

Sonke sikuzwile, kungaba kubazali, kothisha, noma kwizipesheli zangemva kwesikole: utshwala bubulala amangqamuzana obuchopho. Kepha likhona iqiniso kulokhu? Ochwepheshe abacabangi kanjalo.

Ngenkathi ukuphuza kungenza ngempela ukuthi wenze futhi uzizwe sengathi ulahlekelwe yingqamuzana lobuchopho noma ezimbili, abukho ubufakazi bokuthi lokhu kwenzeka ngempela. Kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi utshwala abunamthelela ebuchosheni bakho.

Nakhu ukubuka ukuthi kwenzekani empeleni ebuchosheni bakho lapho uphuza.

Okokuqala, izisekelo ezimbalwa

Ngaphambi kokungena emiphumeleni yotshwala ebuchosheni, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ochwepheshe bakhuluma kanjani ngokusetshenziswa kotshwala.

Ngokuvamile, ukuphuza kubhekwa njengokulinganisela, okusindayo, noma ukuzitika ngokweqile:

• Ukuphuza okulingene ichazwa njengokuphuza okungu-1 ngosuku kwabesifazane neziphuzo ezi-1 noma ezi-2 ngosuku kwabesilisa.
• Ukuphuza ngokweqile ichazwa njengeziphuzo ezingaphezu kwezingu-3 nganoma yiluphi usuku noma ngaphezulu kweziphuzo eziyi-8 ngesonto zabesifazane.Kwabesilisa, kungaphezu kweziphuzo ezi-4 nganoma yiluphi usuku noma ngaphezulu kweziphuzo eziyi-15 ngesonto.
• Ukuphuza ngokweqile ichazwa njengeziphuzo ezi-4 kungakapheli amahora amabili kwabesifazane neziphuzo ezi-5 kungakapheli amahora amabili kwabesilisa.

Yini esiphuzweni?

Njengoba kungewona umqondo wawo wonke umuntu wesiphuzo ofanayo, ochwepheshe babheka isiphuzo njengelingana no:

• Ama-ounces angu-1.5 wemimoya engu-80, cishe isibhamu
• Ama-ounces kabhiya ayi-12, okulingana nekani elijwayelekile
• Ama-ounces angu-8 otshwala bemithombo, cishe izingxenye ezintathu kwezine zengilazi yepende
• Ama-ounces ama-5 ewayini, cishe isigamu sengilazi

Imiphumela yesikhashana

Utshwala yi-neurotoxin engathinta amaseli akho obuchopho ngqo nangokungaqondile. Ingena egazini lakho ngokushesha bese ifinyelela ebuchosheni bakho kungakapheli imizuzu emihlanu uyiphuzile. Futhi kuthatha imizuzu eyi-10 kuphela ukuqala ukuzwa eminye yemiphumela.

Kungumthelela wokuqala omkhulu ukubangela ukukhishwa kwama-endorphin. Lawa mahomoni azizwa emuhle ayisizathu sokuthi abaphuzayo abalinganiselayo bazizwe bekhululekile ngokwengeziwe, benobudlelwano futhi bejabule lapho bephuza.

Ukuphuza ngokweqile noma ukuzitika ngotshwala, ngakolunye uhlangothi, nakho kungaphazamisa izindlela zakho zokuxhumana zobuchopho futhi kuthinte indlela ubuchopho bakho obucubungula ngayo ulwazi.

Esikhathini esifushane, ungalindela:

• ushintsho esimweni sakho sengqondo nasekuziphatheni
• ubunzima bokugxila
• ukusebenzisana kabi
• inkulumo engahambi kahle
• ukudideka

Utshwala obunobuthi

Ukuphuza utshwala kungenzeka uma uphuza utshwala obuningi esikhathini esifushane. Lokhu kungadala ukuthi utshwala egazini lakho buphazamise izingxenye ezithile zobuchopho bakho ezibhekele imisebenzi eyisisekelo yokusekela impilo, efana nale:

• ukuphefumula
• izinga lokushisa komzimba
• isilinganiso senhliziyo

Uma ingelashwa, ubuthi botshwala bungadala ukulimala kobuchopho nokufa unomphela.

Imiphumela yesikhathi eside

Ukuphuza kungaba nemiphumela yesikhathi eside ebuchosheni bakho, kufaka phakathi ukuncipha kokusebenza kwengqondo nezinkinga zememori.

Ukukhubazeka kobuchopho

Sekuyisikhathi eside abacwaningi bazi ukuthi i-atrophy yobuchopho - noma ukuncipha - kuvamile kubantu abaphuza kakhulu. Kepha kutholakale ukuthi ngisho ukuphuza ngokulingene kungaba nemiphumela efanayo.

Ukuphuza kubangela ukuncipha ku-hippocampus, okuyindawo yobuchopho bakho ehlotshaniswa nenkumbulo nokucabanga. Inani lokuncipha libonakala lihlobene ngqo nokuthi umuntu uphuza kangakanani.

Imiphumela yocwaningo ikhombise ukuthi abantu abaphuza okulingana neziphuzo ezine ngosuku babeneziphuzo eziphindwe cishe kasithupha njengeziphuzo ezingaphuzi. Abaphuzi abalinganiselayo babe nengozi ephindwe kathathu yokuncipha kunabangaphuzi.

Izinkinga ze-Neurogeneis

Noma utshwala bungawabulali amangqamuzana obuchopho, bungabathinta kabi isikhathi eside. Okokuqala, utshwala obuningi obunamandla nge-neurogenesis, okuyikhono lomzimba wakho lokwenza amangqamuzana amasha obuchopho.

Isifo seWernicke-Korsakoff

Ukuphuza ngokweqile nakho kungaholela ekushodeni kwe-thiamine, okungadala ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa okubizwa nge-Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. Lesi sifo - hhayi utshwala - siholela ekulahlekelweni kwama-neuron ebuchosheni, okudala ukudideka, ukulahleka kwememori, kanye nokulahleka kokuhlangana kwemisipha.

Ingabe umonakalo uyahlehliseka?

Ngenkathi imiphumela yesikhathi eside yotshwala ebuchosheni ingaba yimbi impela, iningi lalo lomonakalo liyabuyiselwa ukuyeka kwakho ukuphuza. Ngisho ne-atrophy yobuchopho ingaqala ukubuyela emuva ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa okugwema utshwala.

Imiphumela ekukhuleni kobuchopho ingahlala isikhathi eside

Utshwala bungaba nemiphumela eyengeziwe ekuthuthukiseni ubuchopho, obusengozini enkulu emiphumeleni yotshwala. Lokhu kwenza ingozi yokulimala kwengqondo isikhathi eside nokuhlala unomphela kakhulu.

Esizalweni

Ukuphuza utshwala ngenkathi ukhulelwe kungadala umonakalo ebuchosheni obukhulayo nakwezinye izitho zombungu. Kungabanga futhi nezinkinga ze-fetal alcohol spectrum (FASDs).

Ama-FASDs yisikhathi sesambulela sezimo ezahlukahlukene ezibangelwa ukuvezwa kotshwala esibelethweni.

Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• i-fetal alcohol syndrome
• i-fetal alcohol syndrome engaphelele
• ukuphazamiseka okuhlobene notshwala okuhlobene notshwala
• ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuhambisana nokuvezwa kotshwala ngaphambi kokubeletha

Ama-FASD aphazamisa ukukhula nokukhula kobuchopho, okuholela ezinkingeni zokuphila konke ngokomzimba, ngokwengqondo nangokokuziphatha.

Izimpawu nezimpawu ezijwayelekile zifaka:

• ukukhubazeka ekufundeni
• ukubambezeleka kokukhuluma nokukhuluma
• ukuhlushwa okungalungile
• izingqinamba zememori
• ukukhubazeka kwengqondo
• ukusebenzisana kabi
• ukukhathazeka ngokweqile

Ngenkathi ama-FASD engaguquguquki, ukungenelela kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukukhula kwengane.

Ezinganeni

Ngesikhathi seminyaka yobusha nentsha, ubuchopho buqhubeka nokukhula futhi bukhule. Lokhu kuyaqhubeka kuze kube yiminyaka engamashumi amabili.

Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala ezinganeni kuye kwaba ukuncipha okukhulu kwe-hippocampus nama-lobes amancane angaphambili kunabantu bobudala obufanayo abangaphuzi.

I-lobe yangaphambili yingxenye yobuchopho obhekana noshintsho olukhulu phakathi neminyaka yentsha futhi inesibopho sokwahlulela, ukuhlela, ukwenza izinqumo, ulimi nokulawulwa kwethonya. Ukuphuza ngalesi sikhathi kungathinta yonke le misebenzi futhi kuphazamise inkumbulo nokufunda.

Ungaluthola kanjani usizo

Uma ukhathazekile ngokuthi ukuphuza kwakho sekuqala ukuthatha umonakalo ebuchosheni bakho, cabanga ukufinyelela kumhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Ungathola futhi usizo ku-inthanethi ngeNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism.

Awuqinisekile ukuthi ubusebenzisa kabi utshwala? Nazi ezinye izimpawu okufanele uzibuke:

• awukwazi ukukhawulela ukuthi uphuza kangakanani
• uchitha isikhathi esiningi uphuza noma udlula i-hangover
• uzizwa unesifiso esinamandla noma unxanela ukuphuza utshwala
• uphuza noma ngabe kubangela izinkinga empilweni yakho, noma emsebenzini noma empilweni yomuntu
• usuthuthukise ukubekezelelana futhi udinga utshwala obuningi ukuze uzwe imiphumela yako
• uba nezimpawu zokuhoxa uma ungaphuzi, njengokucanuzela kwenhliziyo, ukuqhaqhazela nokujuluka

Khumbula, iningi lemiphumela yotshwala ebuchosheni bakho ibuyiselwa emuva ngesikhashana esincane.

Okubalulekile

Utshwala abubulali amangqamuzana obuchopho, kepha bunemiphumela yomibili yesikhashana nesikhathi eside ebuchosheni bakho, noma ngamanani aphakathi nendawo. Ukuphuma ngehora lokujabula ubusuku obumbalwa ngenyanga kungenzeka kungabangeli umonakalo wesikhathi eside. Kepha uma uzithola uphuza kakhulu noma uzitika ngotshwala kaningi, cabanga ngokufuna usizo.

U-Adrienne Santos-Longhurst ungumbhali ozimele futhi umbhali obhale kakhulu kuzo zonke izinto zezempilo nezindlela zokuphila isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka eyishumi. Lapho engafakwanga endaweni yakhe yokubhala ecwaninga i-athikili noma evaliwe exoxa nochwepheshe bezempilo, angatholwa ebabaza azungeze idolobha lakhe lolwandle nomyeni nezinja bedonsa noma betshiza echibini bezama ukuqonda ibhodi lokugwedla lokuma.