I-Dysarthria

-Delile

• Yini i-dysarthria?
• Ziyini izimpawu zedysarthria?
• Yini ebangela i-dysarthria?
• Ngubani osengozini yedysarthria?
• Ixilongwa kanjani i-dysarthria?
• Iphathwa kanjani i-dysarthria?
• Ukuvimbela i-dysarthria
• Uyini umbono wedysarthria?

Yini i-dysarthria?

IDysarthria yinkinga yokukhuluma ngezimoto. Kwenzeka lapho ungakwazi ukudidiyela noma ukulawula imisipha esetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwenkulumo ebusweni bakho, emlonyeni, noma ohlelweni lokuphefumula. Imvamisa kubangelwa ukulimala ebuchosheni noma esimweni semizwa, njengokushaywa unhlangothi.

Abantu abane-dysarthria banobunzima bokulawula imisipha esetshenziselwa ukwenza imisindo ejwayelekile. Lesi sifo singathinta izici eziningi zenkulumo yakho. Ungalahlekelwa amandla okubiza imisindo kahle noma ukhulume ngevolumu ejwayelekile. Ungahle ungakwazi ukulawula ikhwalithi, iphimbo, nejubane okhuluma ngalo. Inkulumo yakho ingahle ingasheshi noma ingacaci kahle. Ngenxa yalokho, kungaba nzima kwabanye ukuthi baqonde ukuthi uzama ukuthini.

Ukukhubazeka kwenkulumo ethile ohlangabezana nakho kuzoya ngesizathu esiyimbangela se-dysarthria yakho. Uma kubangelwa ukulimala kobuchopho, isibonelo, izimpawu zakho ezithile zizoncika endaweni nobukhulu bokulimala.

Ziyini izimpawu zedysarthria?

Izimpawu ze-dysarthria zingahle ziqale kusukela kumnene ziye kokubi. Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zifaka:

• inkulumo engahambi kahle
• inkulumo engasheshi
• inkulumo esheshayo
• isigqi sokukhuluma esingajwayelekile, esihlukahlukene
• ukukhuluma kancane noma ngokuhleba
• ubunzima bokushintsha ivolumu yenkulumo yakho
• ikhala lezwi, elihlungiwe, noma elihoshozelayo
• ubunzima bokulawula imisipha yakho yobuso
• ubunzima bokuhlafuna, ukugwinya, noma ukulawula ulimi lwakho
• ukumunca amathe

Yini ebangela i-dysarthria?

Izimo eziningi zingadala i-dysarthria. Izibonelo zifaka:

• unhlangothi
• isimila sobuchopho
• ukulimala ekhanda okubuhlungu
• ukukhubazeka kobuchopho
• Ukukhubazeka kukaBell
• i-multiple sclerosis
• ukuqina kwemisipha
• i-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
• Isifo se-Guillain-Barre
• Isifo sikaHuntington
• myasthenia gravis
• Isifo sikaParkinson
• Isifo sikaWilson
• ukulinyazwa kolimi lwakho
• ezinye izifo, i-strep throat noma i-tonsillitis
• eminye imithi, njenge-narcotic noma i-tranquilizers ethinta uhlelo lwakho oluphakathi lwezinzwa

Ngubani osengozini yedysarthria?

I-Dysarthria ingathinta izingane kanye nabantu abadala. Usengozini enkulu yokuthola i-dysarthria uma:

• basengozini enkulu yokushaywa unhlangothi
• unesifo sobuchopho esiwohlozayo
• unesifo se-neuromuscular
• ukusebenzisa kabi utshwala noma izidakamizwa
• banempilo ebuthaka

Ixilongwa kanjani i-dysarthria?

Uma besola ukuthi une-dysarthria, udokotela wakho angakudlulisela kudokotela wezifo zolimi lokukhuluma. Lochwepheshe angasebenzisa izivivinyo ezimbalwa nokuhlola ukuhlola ubunzima nokuthola imbangela ye-dysarthria yakho. Isibonelo, bazohlola ukuthi ukhuluma kanjani futhi banyakazise izindebe zakho, ulimi, nemisipha yobuso. Bangabuye bahlole izici zekhwalithi yakho yezwi nokuphefumula.

Ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwakho kokuqala, udokotela wakho angacela isivivinyo esisodwa noma eziningi ezilandelayo:

• ukugwinya ukutadisha
• Iskena se-MRI noma se-CT sokunikeza izithombe eziningiliziwe zobuchopho bakho, ikhanda nentamo yakho
• electroencephalogram (EEG) ukukala umsebenzi kagesi ebuchosheni bakho
• i-electromyogram (EMG) ukukala imisipha kagesi yemisipha yakho
• isifundo sokuqhuba imizwa (NCS) ukukala amandla nesivinini izinzwa zakho ezithumela ngaso izimpawu zikagesi
• ukuhlolwa kwegazi noma umchamo ukuhlola ukutheleleka noma esinye isifo esingahle sidale i-dysarthria yakho
• ukubhoboza i-lumbar ukubheka ukutheleleka, ukuphazamiseka kwesistimu yezinzwa, noma umdlavuza wobuchopho
• izivivinyo ze-neuropsychological ukukala amakhono akho okuqonda kanye nokukwazi kwakho ukuqonda ukukhuluma, ukufunda nokubhala

Iphathwa kanjani i-dysarthria?

Uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa olunconywayo lwe-dysarthria luzoya ngokuxilongwa kwakho okuthile. Uma izimpawu zakho zihlobene nesimo sezempilo esiyisisekelo, udokotela wakho angancoma imishanguzo, ukuhlinzwa, ukwelashwa ngolimi lokukhuluma, noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ukubhekana nakho.

Isibonelo, uma izimpawu zakho zihlobene nemiphumela emibi yemithi ethile, udokotela wakho angancoma izinguquko kumuthi wakho wemithi.

Uma i-dysarthria yakho ibangelwa isimila noma isilonda esisebenzayo ebuchosheni bakho noma emgogodleni, udokotela wakho angancoma ukuhlinzwa.

Udokotela wezifo zolimi angakwazi ukukusiza uthuthukise amakhono akho okukhulumisana. Bangakha uhlelo lokwelashwa ngokwezifiso ukukusiza:

• Khulisa ukunyakaza kolimi nezindebe.
• Qinisa imisipha yakho yokukhuluma.
• Yehlisa izinga okhuluma ngalo.
• Thuthukisa ukuphefumula kwakho ngenkulumo ephakeme.
• Thuthukisa ukukhuluma kwakho ngenkulumo ecacile.
• Zijwayeze amakhono okuxhumana weqembu.
• Hlola amakhono akho okuxhumana ezimweni ezingokoqobo.

Ukuvimbela i-dysarthria

IDysarthria ingadalwa yizimo eziningi, ngakho-ke kungaba nzima ukuyivimba. Kepha unganciphisa ubungozi be-dysarthria ngokulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo eyehlisa amathuba okushaywa unhlangothi. Ngokwesibonelo:

• Vocavoca umzimba njalo.
• Gcina isisindo sakho sisezingeni eliphilile.
• Khulisa inani lezithelo nemifino ekudleni kwakho.
• Nciphisa i-cholesterol, amafutha agcwele nosawoti ekudleni kwakho.
• Nciphisa ukuphuza kwakho utshwala.
• Gwema ukubhema nentuthu kagwayi.
• Ungasebenzisi izidakamizwa ezingabekiwe ngudokotela wakho.
• Uma kutholakala ukuthi une-high blood pressure, thatha izinyathelo zokuyilawula.
• Uma unesifo sikashukela, landela uhlelo lokwelashwa olunconyiwe lukadokotela wakho.
• Uma une-apnea yokulala evimbela, funa ukwelashwa ngayo.

Uyini umbono wedysarthria?

Umbono wakho uzoncika ekutholakaleni kwakho. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthola eminye imininingwane ngembangela ye-dysarthria yakho, kanye nezinketho zakho zokwelashwa kanye nombono wesikhathi eside.

Ezimweni eziningi, ukusebenza nodokotela wezifo zolimi lokukhuluma kungakusiza ukuthi uthuthukise ikhono lakho lokukhuluma. Isibonelo, i-American Speech-Language-Hearing Association ibika ukuthi cishe izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zabantu abadala abanezifo zesistimu yezinzwa zingathuthukisa amakhono abo okukhuluma ngosizo lodokotela wezifo olimini.