I-Exam T4 (mahhala nephelele): yenzelwa ini futhi yenziwa kanjani?
-Delile
Ukuhlolwa kwe-T4 kuhlose ukuhlola ukusebenza kwe-thyroid ngokulinganisa inani eliphelele le-hormone T4 kanye ne-T4 yamahhala. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, i-hormone TSH ivuselela i-thyroid ukukhiqiza i-T3 ne-T4, okungama-hormone anesibopho sokusiza imetabolism, ukuhlinzeka ngamandla adingekayo ekusebenzeni kahle komzimba. I-T4 icishe ihlanganiswe ngokuphelele kuma-protein ukuze ikwazi ukuhanjiswa egazini iye ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene futhi ikwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wayo.
Lokhu kuhlolwa kunganconywa udokotela ekuhlolweni okujwayelekile, kepha kukhonjiswa kangcono lapho umuntu enezimpawu ze-hypo noma i-hyperthyroidism, ngokwesibonelo, noma uma kunomphumela we-TSH oshintshiwe. Bona ukuthi amanani we-TSH wokuhlola nezethenjwa enzelwe ini.
Iyini i-T4 ephelele ne-T4 yamahhala?
Kokubili i-T4 yamahhala kanye ne-T4 ephelele kusetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukusebenza kwe-thyroid, okungukuthi, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi indlala ikhiqiza inani elijwayelekile nelanele lamahomoni ukuhlinzeka amandla ngemisebenzi yomzimba yomzimba. Ngaphansi kuka-1% we-T4 usefomini yamahhala, futhi yileli fomu elisebenza ngokweqile, okungukuthi, elinomsebenzi. I-T4 eboshwe ngamaphrotheni ayinakwenza lutho, ithuthwa kuphela egazini iye ezingxenyeni, futhi uma kunesidingo, yehlukaniswa neprotheyini yokwenza umsebenzi.
Ingqikithi ye-T4 ifana nengqikithi yenani lamahomoni akhiqizwayo, lihlolwe kokubili inani elihlanganiselwe amaprotheni nalawo ajikeleza mahhala egazini. Kodwa-ke, umthamo ophelele we-T4 ungahle ungacacisi, ngoba kungahle kube nokuphazamiseka namaprotheni i-hormone engakwazi ukuwabopha.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-T4 yamahhala isivele icacisiwe, iyazwela futhi ivumela ukuhlolwa okungcono kwendlala yegilo, ngoba kuphela inani lehomoni elisebenzayo nelisebenza emzimbeni elilinganiswayo
Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlolwa
Ukuhlolwa kwenziwa ngesampula segazi futhi akukho ukulungiselela okudingekayo ngaphambi kokukuthatha. Kodwa-ke, uma umuntu esebenzisa noma imuphi umuthi ophazamisa i-thyroid, kufanele azise udokotela ukuze lokhu kubhekwe lapho ehlaziya.
Isampula yegazi eliqoqiwe lithunyelwa elabhorethri, lapho kwenziwa khona isilinganiso samahhala nesiphelele se-T4. Amanani ajwayelekile we Mahhala T4 ziphakathi 0.9 - 1.8 ng / dL, ngenkathi amanani ajwayelekile we-T4 esewonke ehluka kuye ngobudala:
| Ubudala | Amanani ajwayelekile we-T4 ephelele |
| Isonto lokuqala lempilo | 15 µg / dL |
| Kuze kube inyanga yokuqala | 8.2 - 16.6 µg / dL |
| Phakathi kwenyanga eyi-1 no-12 yokuphila | 7.2 - 15.6 µg / dL |
| Phakathi kweminyaka engu-1 no-5 | 7.3 - 15 µg / dL |
| Phakathi kweminyaka engu-5 nengu-12 | 6.4 - 13.3 µg / dL |
| Kusukela eminyakeni engu-12 ubudala | 4.5 - 12.6 µg / dL |
Amanani aphakeme noma ancishisiwe we-T4 angakhombisa ukukhohlisa noma i-hyperthyroidism, umdlavuza we-thyroid, i-thyroiditis, i-goiter nokungabi nenzalo kwabesifazane, ngokwesibonelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwehla kwamanani we-T4 yamahhala kungakhombisa ukungondleki kahle noma i-Hashimoto's thyroiditis, isibonelo, okuyisifo se-autoimmune esibonakala ngokuvuvukala kwegilo okuholela ku-hyperthyroidism elandelwa yi-hypothyroidism.
Ukwenza nini
Ukuhlolwa kwe-T4 kuvame ukucelwa yi-endocrinologist ezimweni ezinjengalezi:
- Umphumela wokushintsha kwe-TSH oguqukile;
- Ubuthakathaka, ukwehla kwemetabolism nokukhathala, okungakhombisa i-hypothyroidism;
- Ukwesaba, ukwanda komzimba, ukwanda kwesifiso sokudla, okungabonisa i-hyperthyroidism;
- Umdlavuza we-thyroid osolwayo;
- Ukuphenya ngembangela yokungazali kwabesifazane.
Ngokuya ngokuhlolwa kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa kanye nezimpawu zomuntu, udokotela we-endocrinologist angachaza ukuxilongwa kanye nendlela engcono kakhulu yokwelashwa, ngaleyo ndlela kuvamise amazinga e-T4. Funda ngezinye izivivinyo ezibalulekile ukuhlola i-thyroid yakho.
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