Izimpawu eziyi-12 zeChikungunya nokuthi zihlala isikhathi esingakanani

-Delile

• Izimpawu zihlala isikhathi esingakanani
• Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa
• Izimpawu nezimpawu zokuqina
• Ukudluliswa kwenzeka kanjani
• Yelashwa kanjani
• Chikungunya ekukhulelweni nasezinsaneni

I-Chikungunya yisifo segciwane esibangelwa ukulunywa omiyaneAedes aegypti, uhlobo lomiyane oluvame kakhulu emazweni asezindaweni ezishisayo, njengeBrazil, futhi olubhekele ezinye izifo ezifana nodenga noma iZika, ngokwesibonelo.

Izimpawu zeChikungunya zingahluka kancane kuye ngecala, naphakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane, kepha ezijwayelekile kakhulu yilezi:

1. Umkhuhlane ophezulu, ophakeme kuno-39º C ovela ngokungazelelwe;
2. Ubuhlungu obukhulu nokuvuvukala emajoyini angathinta imisipha nemisipha;
3. Amabala amancane abomvu esikhunjeni avela esiqwini nasemzimbeni wonke kubandakanya izintende zezinyawo nezinyawo;
4. Ubuhlungu emuva nasemisipheni;
5. Ukunwaya umzimba wonke noma ezintendeni zezandla kuphela nasematheni ezinyawo, kungahle kube nokushaywa kwalezi zindawo;
6. Ukukhathala ngokweqile;
7. Hypersensitivity ekukhanyeni;
8. Ukuphathwa ikhanda njalo;
9. Ukuhlanza, uhudo nobuhlungu besisu;
10. Ukugodola;
11. Ubomvu emehlweni;
12. Ubuhlungu ngemuva kwamehlo.

Kwabesifazane kunezindawo ezibomvu ikakhulukazi emzimbeni, ukuhlanza, ukopha nezilonda emlonyeni, kanti kwabesilisa nakubantu abadala okuvame kakhulu ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala emalungeni nasemkhuhlaneni okungahlala izinsuku ezimbalwa.

Njengoba ingekho imishanguzo ethize yalesi sifo, kuyadingeka ukuthi umzimba uqede igciwane, ukwelashwa kuphela ukuqeda izimpawu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba ungekho umuthi wokugomela omelene nalesi sifo, indlela ethembeke kunazo zonke yokuvikela lesi sifo ukugwema ukulunywa omiyane. Bona amasu ayisishiyagalombili alula okuvimbela ukulunywa omiyane.

Izimpawu zihlala isikhathi esingakanani

Ezimweni eziningi kakhulu, izimpawu ziyanyamalala ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-14 noma ngaphambi kwalokho, uma ukwelashwa okufanele kuqalwa ngokuphumula nemithi yokuqeda ukungakhululeki.

Kodwa-ke, kunemibiko evela kubantu abaningana yokuthi ezinye izimpawu ziye zaqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezintathu, okukhomba isigaba esingalapheki sesifo. Kulesi sigaba, uphawu oluvame kakhulu ubuhlungu obuhlangene obuqhubekayo, kodwa ezinye izimpawu zingavela, njenge:

• Ukulahleka kwezinwele;
• Ukuzwela kobuntofontofo kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba;
• Isimo sikaRaynaud, esibonakala ngezandla ezibandayo nangezandla zeminwe ezimhlophe noma ezinsomi;
• Ukuphazamiseka kokulala;
• Ubunzima bememori nokuhlushwa;
• Umbono ofiphele noma ofiphele
• Ukucindezeleka.

Isigaba esingalapheki singahlala kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-6, futhi kungadingeka ukusebenzisa imithi yokwelapha lezi kanye nezinye izimpawu, ngaphezu kwezikhathi ze-physiotherapy ukudambisa izinhlungu nokwenza ngcono ukunyakaza.

Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa

Ukuxilongwa kungenziwa ngudokotela ojwayelekile ngezimpawu nezimpawu umuntu azivezayo kanye / noma ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okusiza ukuqondisa ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo.

Kuze kufike ku-30% wabantu abanegciwane abanazo izimpawu futhi lesi sifo sitholakala ekuhlolweni kwegazi, okunga-odwa ngenxa yezinye izizathu.

Izimpawu nezimpawu zokuqina

Ezimweni ezingavamile uChikungunya uzibonakalisa ngaphandle komkhuhlane futhi ngaphandle kobuhlungu emajoyintini, kodwa lezi zinguquko ezilandelayo zingavela ezikhombisa ukuthi lesi sifo sibucayi futhi umuntu kungadingeka ukuthi alaliswe esibhedlela:

• Kuhlelo lwezinzwa: ukuquleka, isifo se-Guillain-barre (esichazwa ukuphelelwa ngamandla emisipheni), ukulahleka kokuhamba ngezingalo noma imilenze, ukudlikizela;
• Emehlweni: Ukuvuvukala okubonakalayo, ku-iris noma ku-retina, okungaba nzima futhi kuphazamise umbono.
• Enhliziyweni: Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, i-arrhythmia ne-pericarditis;
• Esikhumbeni: Ukufiphaza izindawo ezithile, ukuvela kwamabhamuza noma izilonda ezifana ne-thrush;
• Ezinso: Ukuvuvukala nokuhluleka kwezinso.
• Ezinye izinkinga: igazi, i-pneumonia, ukwehluleka ukuphefumula, i-hepatitis, i-pancreatitis, i-adrenal insufficiency kanye nokwandisa noma ukwehla kwe-hormone ye-antidiuretic.

Lezi zimpawu ziyivelakancane kepha zingenzeka kwabanye abantu, zidalwa yigciwane uqobo, ngokuphendula kohlelo lokuzivikela komzimba noma ngenxa yokusebenzisa imithi.

Ukudluliswa kwenzeka kanjani

Indlela eyinhloko yokudlulisa iChikungunya kungokulunywa omiyane U-Aedes Aegypti, okufanayo okudlulisa udenga. Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, uma owesifazane okhulelwe elunywa umiyane, uChikungunya naye angadlulela enganeni ngesikhathi sokubeletha.

Lesi sifo, esifana nodenga, uZika noMayaro asidluliswa sisuka komunye umuntu siye komunye.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kuvame ukuthatha cishe izinsuku eziyi-15 futhi kwenziwa ngokusetshenziswa kwemithi ye-analgesic, njenge-acetominophen noma i-paracetamol, ukuqeda umkhuhlane, ukukhathala nokuphathwa ikhanda. Ezimweni zobuhlungu obedlulele, udokotela angancoma ukusetshenziswa kwezinye izidakamizwa ezinamandla ngokumelene nobuhlungu nokuvuvukala. Kodwa-ke, akunconywa ukuthatha imishanguzo ngaphandle kokuyalelwa ngudokotela, ngoba kungadala ushintsho olukhulu, njenge-hepatitis eyelashwa.

Isikhathi sokwelashwa sincike ebudaleni bomuntu othelelekile, futhi abantu abasha bathatha, ngokwesilinganiso, izinsuku eziyi-7 ukuphola, kanti asebekhulile kungathatha izinyanga ezifika kwezintathu. Bona imininingwane eminingi mayelana nokwelashwa namakhambi asetshenzisiwe.

Ngaphezu kwemithi, ezinye izeluleko ezibalulekile ukufaka izingcindezi ezibandayo emajoyintini, ukudambisa ukuvuvukala nokungaphatheki kahle, kanye nokuphuza uketshezi nokuphumula, ukuvumela umzimba ukuthi ululame kalula.

Bheka lawa namanye amathiphu kuvidiyo elandelayo:

Chikungunya ekukhulelweni nasezinsaneni

Izimpawu nendlela yokwelashwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ziyefana kodwa lesi sifo singadlulela enganeni ngesikhathi sokubeletha, sibe sengozini yokuba nengane engama-50% ingcoliswe, kodwa-ke akuvamile ukuthi kuvele isisu.

Lapho ingane ithelelekile, ingakhombisa izimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane, ukungafuni ukuncelisa, ukuvuvukala emaphethelweni ezandla nezinyawo, kanye namabala esikhunjeni. Yize ingane inesifiso sokudla, ingaqhubeka nokunceliswa ngoba igciwane alidluli obisini lwebele. Ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-2, udokotela anganquma ukuthi ingane ingeniswe esibhedlela ukuze ithole ukwelashwa.

Umkhuhlane weChikungunya ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa ungaba nzima ngokuholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu ngoba uhlelo oluphakathi lwezinzwa lungathinteka ngokunokwenzeka kokuquleka, i-meningoencephalitis, i-cerebral edema, ukuphuma kwegazi okungaphakathi. Ukopha nokubandakanyeka kwenhliziyo ngokungasebenzi kahle kwe-ventricular kanye ne-pericarditis nakho kungenzeka.