Uyini umkhuhlane weTyphoid, Transmission and Prevention

-Delile

• Izimpawu ze-typhoid fever
• Goma umkhuhlane we-typhoid fever
• Ukudluliselwa komkhuhlane we-typhoid
• Ungayelapha kanjani i-typhoid fever

I-typhoid fever yisifo esithathelwanayo esingadluliselwa ngokusebenzisa amanzi nokudla okungcoliswe ngakho Salmonella typhi, okuyi-ejenti ye-etiologic ye-typhoid fever, edala izimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane omkhulu, ukungathandi ukudla, ubende obukhulisiwe namabala abomvu esikhunjeni.

Ukwelashwa komkhuhlane we-typhoid kungenziwa ngemithi elwa namagciwane, ukuphumula nokudla uketshezi ukunisela isiguli. Umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane we-typhoid uyindlela engcono yokuvikela lesi sifo futhi uboniswa kubantu abazohambela izindawo lapho isifo sijwayele khona.

Umkhuhlane weTyphoid uhlobene namazinga aphansi ezomnotho, ikakhulukazi ukungcoliswa kwendle kanye nezimo zenhlanzeko yomuntu kanye nezemvelo, kanti umkhuhlane we-typhoid eBrazil uvame kakhulu ezindaweni lapho izimo zimbi kakhulu.

Umkhuhlane we-typhoid kanye ne-paratyphoid yizifo ezifanayo ezinezimpawu ezifanayo nokwelashwa, kepha, umkhuhlane we-paratyphoid ubangelwa amagciwane I-Salmonella paratyphi A, B noma C futhi ngokuvamile ayinzima kangako. I-typhoid fever ne-typhus izifo ezahlukahlukene, njengoba i-typhus isifo esithathelwanayo esibangelwa amagciwane i-Rickettsia, adluliswa ngokulunywa yisinambuzane esinegciwane, njengezintwala, amazenze noma imikhaza noma ngokungcoliswa indle yesinambuzane esinegciwane. Funda kabanzi ngeTyphus.

Izimpawu ze-typhoid fever

Izithombe zikhombisa esinye sezimpawu ezijwayelekile zomkhuhlane we-typhoid, izindawo ezibomvu ehlombe, esifubeni nasesiswini.

Izimpawu zomkhuhlane we-typhoid zifaka:

• Umkhuhlane omkhulu;
• Ukugodola;
• Isisu esibuhlungu;
• Ukuqunjelwa noma uhudo;
• Ikhanda;
• Malaise;
• Ubende obukhulisiwe;
• Ukuphelelwa isifiso sokudla;
• Ukukhwehlela okomile;
• Amabala abomvu esikhunjeni, anyamalale lapho ecindezelwa.

Izimpawu zomkhuhlane we-typhoid, kwezinye izimo, zingafana nezifo zomgudu wokuphefumula kanye ne-meningitis. Isikhathi sokufukamela lesi sifo amasonto ayi-1 kuya kwayi-3, kanti umuntu angaba nomkhuhlane we-typhoid izikhathi eziningana kukho konke ukuphila.

Ukutholakala komkhuhlane we-typhoid kungenziwa ngokuhlolwa kwegazi kanye nesitulo.

Goma umkhuhlane we-typhoid fever

Umuthi wokugomela i-typhoid uyindlela ephumelela kunazo zonke yokuvikela umkhuhlane we-typhoid. Kuboniswa kubantu abazoya ezindaweni lapho lesi sifo sivame khona.

Ukhumbula ukuthi umuthi wokugoma awumvikeli ngokuphelele umuntu ekubeni nomkhuhlane we-typhoid, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ezinye izindlela zokuzivikela, njengaphambi kokuphuza, ukubilisa noma ukuhlunga amanzi, usebenzisa amanzi amaminerali ngisho nokuxubha amazinyo akho, ukwenza ukunakekelwa kwenhlanzeko yomuntu siqu nsuku zonke, gwema ukuya ezindaweni ezinezimo zenhlanzeko ezingezinhle, ukugeza izandla ngaphambi kokulungisa ukudla nangemva kokuya endlini yangasese nokuthola indle eyisisekelo.

Ukudluliselwa komkhuhlane we-typhoid

Ukudluliswa komkhuhlane we-typhoid kuvame ukwenziwa ngokulandelayo:

• Ngokungeniswa kwamanzi nokudla, okungcoliswe indle noma umchamo ovela kumuntu ogula ngumkhuhlane we-typhoid;
• Ngokuxhumana ngqo ngezandla, ngezandla zomuntu ophethe umkhuhlane we-typhoid fever.

Imifino, izithelo nemifino eniselwa ngamanzi angcolile nakho kungadala lesi sifo, futhi nokudla osekuvele kumisiwe akuphephile, ngoba izinga lokushisa eliphansi alikwazi ukuqeda salmonella.

Bheka nokuthi uyigeza kanjani imifino kahle

Ungayelapha kanjani i-typhoid fever

Imvamisa, ukwelashwa komkhuhlane we-typhoid kungenziwa ekhaya ngokuphathwa kwama-antibiotic, okunqunywe ngudokotela, njenge-chloramphenicol, ngaphezu kokuphumula, ukudla okunama-kilojoule amaningi kanye nokudla okunamanzi ukuze isiguli sihlale sinamanzi. Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, kungadingeka ukuthi lowo muntu alaliswe esibhedlela ukuze abhekwe futhi athole i-serum kanye ne-antibiotics ngomthambo.

Kungakuhle ukuthi uphuze amanzi amaningi noma itiye ukuze uhlale unamanzi, kufanele ugweme ukudla okunamafutha noshukela omningi. Ukwehlisa umkhuhlane, amabhati amaningi angathathwa usuku lonke, ngaphezu kokuthatha i-paracetamol noma i-dipyrone ngezikhathi ezinconyiwe. Ama-laxatives akufanele athathwe ukukhulula amathumbu noma ukudla ukudla okubamba amathumbu uma kwenzeka uhanjiswa yisisu.

Bheka izindlela zemvelo zokwehlisa umkhuhlane wakho

Ngemuva kosuku lwesi-5, lowo muntu kungenzeka angabe esakhombisa izimpawu, kepha aqukethe amabhaktheriya emzimbeni. Umuntu angahlala namagciwane izinyanga ezifika kwezine, okwenzeka ngaphezu kuka-1/4 weziguli, noma isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka owodwa, isimo esiyivelakancane, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukusebenzisa indlu yangasese kahle futhi ugcine izandla zakho njalo kuhlanzekile.

Uma ishiywe ingalashwa, umkhuhlane we-typhoid ungadala izinkinga ezinkulu kumuntu, njengokuphuma kwegazi, ukugcotshwa kwamathumbu, ukutheleleka okujwayelekile, ikhoma nokufa imbala.